Utachiona huri kuramba huchikwira sechirwere chinorwisa mabhakitiriya chinokura
Gonorrhea, inozivikanwawo se "chidimbu," ndiyo chirwere chepabonde (STD) chinokonzerwa neBeisseria gonorrhoeae mabhakitiriya. Kunyange zvazvo gonorrhea inogona kukonzera zviratidzo nezviratidzo, zvinosanganisira vaginal kana penile kubuda uye kurwadziwa kana uchizorora kana panguva yepabonde, inowanzouya pasina mazano akadaro zvachose. Mumakore ose aya, mabhakitiriya aya ave akaoma zvikuru nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya.
Kunyange zvazvo chido chimwe chete cheAzithromycin ne ceftriaxone chinogona kubvisa zvirwere zvakawanda, kudzokera zvakare kunowanzoitika. Kana ikasatenderwa, gonorrhea inogona kukonzera zvinetso zvakakomba kusanganisira kuora mimba, kusabereka, septic arthritis, uye kunyange hupofu.
Gonorrhea inobata varume nevakadzi uye inogona kuparidzirwa kune vacheche pavanenge vaberekwa. Mhosva dzinopfuura 800 000 dzinoshushwa muUnited States gore negore-uye mukana uri kuwedzera.
Zviratidzo
Maererano nemushumo unobva kuCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), vazhinji vanenge 90 muzana yevakadzi uye 40 muzana yevarume vane utachiona hwegonorrhea havazovi zviratidzo . Kana zviratidzo zvikaonekwa, zvinowanzova zvinyoro uye zvisingave zvakananga uye nyore nyore kukanganisa kune dzimwe zvirwere, kusanganisira urinary tract infection, strep throat, hosha yehutachiona, kana hemorrhoids.
Zviratidzo zvinozivikanwa zvevakadzi zvinosanganisira:
- Vaginal discharge
- Kurwadziwa kana uchizorora
- Kubvambura pakati penguva
- Mucheche wepasi kana kurwadziwa kwepachivi
Zviratidzo zvinowanzoonekwa nevarume zvinosanganisira:
- Kubuda kwemavara-ruvara kubva kumucheto
- Kurwadziwa kana uchizorora
- Kuchema kana kuvhara muzvitsva kana mawere
Pharyngeal (throat) gonorrhea inogona kukonzera muronda unorwadza, nepo rectal gonorrhea inowanzoratidza zviratidzo zvekuchenesa, kusagadzikana, uye kurwadziwa munguva yekufamba kwechirwere.
Utachiona hweziso hunogonawo kuitika, zvichikonzera zviratidzo zvekujunctivitis (pink eye).
Kana ikasatenderwa, gonorrhea inogona kukonzera chirwere chinoputika chepilvic (PID) mumadzimai uye epididymitis mumarume, zvose zvingatungamirira mukusafa. Zvishoma nezvishoma, kuparidzirwa kwegonococcal (DGI) , meningitis , uye zvimwe zvinhu zvakakomba zvinogona kuitika.
Gonorrhea inogonawo kuwedzera mungozi yako yekuwana HIV semafuta anokonzera mucosal anoita kuti utachiona huve nyore kupinda mumuviri.
Vana vachangoberekwa vanoratidzirwa uye vane utachiona nehutachiona panguva yekuberekwa dzimwe nguva vanogadzira utachiona hwemaziso hunonzi ophthalmia neonatorum , iyo, kana isina kusiyiwa, inogona kutungamirira kuhupofu nezvimwe zvinetso.
Zvinokonzera
Neisseria gonorrhoeae bhakitiriya inonyanya kuparidzwa panguva yemuromo, mumukadzi, kana zvepabonde. Kutendeuka kubva kuna amai kumwana hakuwanzoitiki apo mwana ari mudumbu. Pane kudaro, zvinotora apo mwana anopfuura nepamukova wekuzvarwa.
Semenho, mavharo emadzimai, zvivharo zvemashure, uye, kusvika pamwero muduku, salivha inogona kutakura kutapurirwa. Gonorrhea haigone kudarika neropa kana mukaka wemvere.
Njodzi dzinokonzera gonorrhea dzinosanganisira:
- Vechidiki (vanhu vanoita zvepabonde vari pasi pemakumi maviri nemashanu vari pangozi huru)
- Multiple sex partners
- Kusashandisa kondomu kusashandise
- Kuva nechirwere chekare chinonzi gonorrheal
- Kuva nedzimwe zvirwere zvepabonde munguva yakapfuura
Kuwanazve muviri kwakajairika kune vanhu vakamborapwa kuti vawane gonorrhea. Chidzidzo chegore rechinomwe chakaitwa neUnited States Army chakataura kuti, pakati pevashandi vebasa 17,602, 13,4 muzana yevarume uye 14,4 kubva muzana yevakadzi vane ruzivo rumwe chete rwegonorrheal reinfection. Kusiyana nedzimwe zvirwere zvinotapurika, sezvo wakarapwa kune gonorrhea hazviiti kuti iwe udzivirirwe mumuviri.
Kuziva
Kune mimwe miedzo mitatu inowanzoshandiswa kuongorora gonorrhea , imwe neimwe inoshandiswa kwayo yakakodzera uye zvisingakwanisi:
- Nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) inotarisa maitiro ekutenderwa mumutsara wokutanga kuongororwa kwegonorrhea isina kuoma yemukati / vagin kana peni. Kunyange zvazvo NAAT ichikurumidza zvakanyanya uye yakarurama, haibvumirwi kuti kuongororwa kwemarectal kana pharyngeal gonorrhea.
- Zvitendero zvebhakitiriya zvinogona kushandiswa kuongororesa gonorrhea yemarudzi, rectum, throat, uye meso. Kunyange zvazvo zvichibatsira, tsika ndeyekuti yakasarudzwa, isiri-automated test iyo inogona kukanganiswa nebasa rerairi uye zvisina kukodzera sarudzo yekuunganidza.
- Gram kuchenesa ndiyo tsika yemagariro yekuongorora iyo madhayi anoshandiswa kuparadzanisa mabhakitiriya pasi pe microscope. Kunyange zvazvo nzira yacho inogona kupa mhinduro chaiyo yevarume, haikwanisi kuita saizvozvo kuvakadzi.
Apo pamba--kuedzwa kwekumba kunowanikwawo, kururamisa kwavo kwakasiyana-siyana; kushandiswa kwevashandi kwakajairika.
Kurapa
Mukufamba kwemakore makumi matatu akapfuura, gonorrhea maronda anowanikwa mumhomho ari kuramba achidzivirira kumishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inoshandiswa kuvabata. Kubvira kuma1980 apo penicillin yakanga isisashandisi muna 2012 apo tetracyclines haisati yamboonekwa yakabudirira, chirongwa chekurapa chakakonzerwa pasi pezvishoma zvirwere zvinorwisa mabhakitiriya zvinogona kubvisa izvi zvirwere zvisingaverengeki.
Kusvika kune izvi, muna 2015, CDC yakakurudzira pamusoro pemashandisirwo emiromo inorwisa mabhakitiriya mune monotherapy kurapa gonorrhea. Zvavakaona ndezvokuti vanhu vakanga vasina kupedza kurapa kwavo sezvavakarayirwa uye, pane kuuraya bhakitiriya, vaibvumira kuti ichinje uye iwedzere kugadzikana-kushorwa kwaizopfuura kune vamwe.
Iko CDC ikozvino inotsigira kushandiswa kwemhando mbiri yekurapa gonorrhea isinganzwisisiki yechirwere, urethra, rectum, kana huro kune vanhu vakuru: kusanganiswa kwejekiseni yepiruscular ya ceftriaxone uye chirwere chemukati cheAzithromycin . Nokubvisa chirwere ichi nehana imwe chete, panzvimbo pezviverengero, CDC inotarisira kunonoka kukurumidza kwekudzivirira kuri kukura.
Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inowanika kune avo vanokonzera mishonga inorumbidzwa. Mizinga yakakwirira kana kurapwa kwakanyanya kwaizodikanwa pamatambudziko akadai seDGI uye chirwere chegonococcal cheziso. Vazhinji vatsva vanogonawo kurapwa nehana imwe chete, kunyange zvazvo kuparadzirwa kwezvirwere kunogona kudikanwa kusvika kumazuva 14 emishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya.
Shoko Rinobva
Nepo pfungwa chaiyo yekuwana gonorrhea inogona kugadzirisa, haifaniri kukumisa kusaita kana iwe uchifunga kuti wakatapukirwa. Kuedza kunogona kuitwa zvakavanzika uye zvigumisiro zvinowanzodzorerwa mukati memakore maviri kusvika matatu.
Yekare iwe unoona kuti iwe unofunga kana iwe uri, pakutanga iwe unogona kutanga mushonga. Izvi hazvikwanisi kuderedza dambudziko rako rezvinetso asi hutachiwana hweHIV . Kana mhinduro yacho isisina kunaka, inogona kubatsira kusimbisa hutano hwepabonde hwakachengeteka, kusanganisira kushandiswa kwekondomu kusingagumi uye kuderedzwa kwehuwandu hwevanhu vanoita zvepabonde.
Kuti uwane nzvimbo yekuedza pedyo newe, shanyira mutsva weCDC uri paIndaneti. Mazhinji emakiriniki akarongwa anopa kushama kwemajeri kana kusina mari kune vagari vanofanirwa.
> Sources:
> Bautista, C .; Wurapa, E .; Sateren, W. et al. Dzokorora hutachiona neNeisseria gonorrhoeae pakati pevashandi vanoita basa reUnited States: vanhu-based case-series series. Int J STD AIDS. 2017; 28 (10): 962-68. DOI: 10.1177 / 0956462416681940.
> Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 2015 Zvirwere Zvepabonde Zvirongwa Zvokurapa: Gonococcal Infections. Atlanta, Georgia; yakabudiswa naJune 4, 2015; yakarongedzwa naJanuary 4, 2018.
> CDC. CDC Dhiyabhorosi Dhiyabhorosi: Dhidhiyo dzinorondedzerwa muUnited States, 2016 - High Burden of STD Inoparadza Mamiriyoni eAmerica. Yakabudiswa muna September 2017.
> CDC. "Nyaya yakagadziriswa pamusoro peAntibiotic-Resistant Gonorrhea." June 14, 2016.
> Lee, K .; Ngo-Metzger, Q .; Wolff, T. et al. Zvirwere zvepabonde: Mazano kubva kuUnited States Preventive Services Task Force. Ndiye Chiremba weNzara. 2016; 94 (11): 907-915.