Syphilis inotapurirwa zvirwere zvepabonde / chirwere (STI / STD) inokonzerwa nebhakitiriya rakafanana nemhepo inonzi Treponema pallidum. Iwe unogona kutapukirwa nekusangana nechirwere chepiritsi munguva yepabonde. Inogonawo kupiwa kubva kuna amai kuenda kumwana panguva yekuzvitakura. Vanhu kazhinji vane mafungiro asina kunaka nezvechirwere, vachitenda iwe unogona kuitora kuburikidza ne "ufeve." Ichokwadi chisinganzwisisiki ndechokuti iwe unogona kutapukirwa nekusununguka kamwe chete uye ungasave usina kuziva kuti wakatapukirwa kwemakore nemakumi emakore.
Nekuda kweizvi, pane nzira dzakajeka dzokudzivirira utachiona hwechirwere. Zvose zvinotanga nekudzidza kuti chirwere ichi chinopararira sei uye chii chinokuisa iwe, seumwe munhu, pangozi.
Zvinowanzokonzera
Chero munhu ane syphilis angave akabata chirwere ichi kubva kune zvepabonde kana kubva kuna amai vavo muUtero.
Kuwedzerwa kwevakuru
Utachiona hutachiona hunoitika apo ganda kana mucosal tinyama inosangana nechirwere chakazaruka, chironda chinonzi chancre . Iyo yakagadzirwa nemakona emabhakitiriya inobvumira kuti ipinde mumakumbo emakumbo emuromo, mumadzimai, kana kuti rectum kana kupinda mazamu mashoma muganda.
Muvanhu vakuru uye vechidiki vanoita zvepabonde, chirwere chinosvibiswa chinopfuurirwa zvakanyanya kuburikidza nemuromo , zvepabonde , kana zvepabonde . Muzviitiko zvisingaiti, utachiona hunogona kuitika semugumisiro wokutsvoda.
Kana ikasatenderwa, chirwere chichapinda mumatanho mashanu ehutachiona : primary, secondary, early latent, late latent, uye tetiary.
Ngozi uye nzira yekuparidzira inogona kusiyaniswa nechigamba:
- Munguva yepiritsi yekutanga , chirwere chacho chinopedzerwa nekusangana ne chancre.
- Panguva yechirwere chechipiri , chirwere chinogona kudarika nekusangana nechipiri chechirwere .
- Munguva yepakutanga yakagadziriswa sirifi , zviratidzo zvechipiri dzimwe nguva zvinogona kudzoka zvakare uye kuwedzera dambudziko rekutapurirwa.
- Munguva yekupedzisira yechipfuva kana chepamusoro , chirwere chinonzi hachina kupararira.
Sirifi haigone kupedzwa kuburikidza nezvigaro zvepachivako, kushamwaridzana, kana kushandiswa kwemidziyo kana zvimwe zvinhu zvekutarisira. Izvi ndezvokuti T. pallidum ine ganda rakaoma risina lipoprotein inoda kuchengetedza hupenyu kunze kwemuviri kwenguva refu. Somugumisiro, chinangwa-ku-kutapurika kwechirwere chisingaoneki zvikuru.
Perinatal Transmission
Kutapurika kwechirwere chepirinus (inozivikanwawo kuti congenital syphilis ) inoitika apo bhakitiriya re syphilis inopinda mumakungwa anenge akapoteredza mwana anowedzera. Nezvo izvi zvingaitika pane imwe nhanho yekubata pamuviri, mukana unokosha pane imwe hafu yepiri.
Njodzi yekuparidzika inokonzerwa nechikwata cheamai chinotapukira. Amai vane syphilis yavanonyanya uye yechipiri vane ngozi yekutapurika inenge iri pakati pe60 ne80 muzana, asi vanaamai vane mavambo ekutanga vanopinda nepamusoro pemasikirini ane chekuita vane 20 muzana.
Lifestyle Risk Factors
Kunyange zvazvo chirwere chinogona kukanganisa chero ani zvake, pane zvimwe zvinhu zvinokonzera ngozi zvinogona kuwedzera mukana wako wehutachiona. Zvimwe zvakabatana nemitemo yekuita zvepabonde, asi vamwe vanobatanidzwa nezviratidzo zvinogona kuisa vanhu vose pangozi.
Pakati pezvinhu zvinowanzoitika kune ngozi:
- Kushandiswa kwekondomu kusingaenderani ndiyo inokonzera kupararira mumapoka ose. Maererano nekuongorora kweCenter for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), chete inenge 24 muzana yevakadzi uye 33 muzana yevarume vari pakati pemakore 15 ne44 vanoshandisa kondomu nguva dzose.
- Vanhu vakawanda vanoita zvepabonde vanoisa pangozi nekukupai mukana mukuru wekutsvaga. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika pakati pevasingazivikanwi vanobatana vanosangana paIndaneti mapurisa .
- Varume vanoita zvepabonde nevarume (MSM) vanodarika makumi matanhatu kubva muzana emakirwere ekurwisana muUnited States. Zvinokonzerwa nehutachiona (zvakadai sokuputika kwezviviri zvemashure) uye huwandu hwakanyanya hweHIV hunoita MSM pangozi yakawanda yakaenzana nekuenzaniswa nevezera rakasiyana-siyana.
- Injecting drug use has given rise to spate of STD outbreaks in recent years (kusanganisira 2015 HIV inopera muIndia yakabatana ne oxycontin). Kunyange zvazvo chirwere chisina kuparadzirwa neropa-ku-kuwedzerwa ropa, kushandiswa kwekushandisa zvinodhaka kunogona kukanganisa kururamisira uye kuwedzera pangozi yechisimba chepabonde kana kushandiswa kwepabonde kune zvinodhaka.
Mungozi uye Maitiro
Zvichida chimwe chezvipingamupinyi zvikuru zvehutachiona hwekusvibiswa ndekudzivirirwa kweSDD kuongorora. Kunyange zvazvo yaimbofungidzirwa kuti kudikanwa kwayo kwairemekedzwa nehuwandu hwevamwe vaifambidzana navo, CDC ino inokurudzira pamwe kamwechete-negore kuedza (syphilis, chlamydia, uye gonorrhea) kune vose vanoita zvepabonde varume, varume vanoita zvepabonde, uye vamwe varume vanoita zvepabonde nevarume. Avo vane mazita akawanda kana kuti vasingazive zvepabonde vanofanirwa kuongororwa kakawanda (semuenzaniso, pamwedzi mitatu kusvika kumatanhatu).
Zvinosuruvarisa, vazhinji vevarume ava vangave vasingazivi mitemo kana kuti vasingazvibatire, zvichida nekuda kwekushorwa kana kutya kwekuwana chirwere cheHIV chinowanikwa. Izvi zvinoshandura kwete kungowedzera mungozi yehutachiwana asi kunatsiridza zvakare.
Chidzidzo che2015 kubva kuYunivhesiti yeCalifornia, Los Angeles yakataura kuti pakati pe6 kubva muzana ne8 muzana yeMSM yakambotapukirwa nechirwere ichi chiitiko chakadzokorora mukati memakore maviri. Vakawanda veavo vakanonoka kuedza kusvika kune hutachiona hwechipiri vakabvuma kuti ivo vangave vasingadi kuziva kana vatya kudzidza zvigumisiro.
Izvo zvakaonekwa kune vechidiki veAfrica yeAmerica vane 62 muzana vashoma vanogona kuongororwa kana vachibatanidza zvirwere zvepabonde nekuita unzenza, kunyadziswa, kusachena, kana utera hwemunhu. Nhasi, chiyero chechirwere pakati peAfrica America chinenge kashanu katatu chevanhu vatsvene, zvikurukuru sechikonzero chemafungiro aya.
Hakuchina zera kana dzinza / dzinza rakakwanisa kupukunyuka mafambiro ekuwedzera kwechirwere zvirwere muUnited States. Muna 2000, vashoma vanosvika 6 000 nhengo dzechirwere chepachikoro chekutanga kana chechipiri dzakataurwa (kana 2.1 mamiriyoni evanhu 100 000); muna 2016, nhamba iyoyo yakanga yawedzera kusvika kudarika 27 000 (kana masere masere pa100 000).
Kusvikira mafungiro aya uye maitiro ekuedza achichinjwa, njodzi yakawanda yehutachiona inogona kutarisirwa kubuda. Iva wakatendeseka iwe pachako pamusoro pengozi yako uye ita zvaunogona kuti uzvidzivirire.
> Sources:
> Centres for Disease Control and Prevention. 2016 Kuongororwa kwezvirwere zvepabonde: Syphilis. Atlanta, Georgia; yakarongedzwa musi waSeptember 26, 2017.
> Centres for Disease Control and Prevention. STD neHIV Screening Recommendations. https://www.cdc.gov/std/prevention/screeningreccs.htm
> Copen, C. Kondomu Shandisa Panguva Yenyaya dzepabonde Pakati pevakadzi nevarume Vakwegura 15-44 muUnited States: 2011-2015 Ongororo Yenyika Yekukura Kwemhuri. Nat Health Statis Rep. 2017; 105: 1-16.
> Morris, J .; Lippman, S ;; Firipi, S. et al. Utachiona hweHIV Hwakafanana Nehutano uye Shame Pakati peAfrica American Youth Boy: Zvinokonzerwa Nezviito Zvokuedzwa, Vadzidzi Vechizivo, uye Kurapa. AIDS Murefu Kutarisira STDS. 2014 Sep 1; 28 (9): 499-506. DOI: 10.1089 / apc.2013.0316.
> Stahlman, S ;; Miti, A .; Javanbakht, M. et al. Kupindira Kunogamuchirwa Kuderedza Kuwedzerwa KweSikirisi Pakati Pevanhu Vakanyanya Kuisa Njodzi Vanoroorana Nevanhu muLos Angeles. Am J Public Health. 2015 March; 105 (3): e88-e94. DOI: 10.2105 / AJPH.2014.302412.