Monocytes Ita Immune System Mabasa
Monocytes inoratidziro yeropa rega rega. Kufanana nemamwe masero machena eropa, monocytes anokosha mukudzivirira kwemuviri wezvirwere zvekudzivirira zvirwere, asiwo pakuita kurapa nekugadzirisa. Monocytes inoumbwa mumupfupa uye inosunungurwa muropa remunharaunda, iyo inofamba kwemazuva mashomanana. Dzinosanganisira anenge 5-10 muzana yemasero matsvuku eropa ari vanhu vane utano.
Monocyte ingangodaro inonyatsozivikanwa nokuda kwebasa ravo mukushanda sechinhu chakafanana kuchengetedza mauto muuto. Mamwe acho anogona kudanwa kana zvichidiwa, kuti agadzirire mberi kwemamwe maviri emhando dzemasero machena eropa: mavara macrophage nemasero eDendritic . Asi maoocyte anewo mamwe mabasa muhutachiona uye zvirwere, zvimwe zvacho hazvina chokuita nemaviri macrophage uye masero dendritic.
Chii Chinonzi Health Monocytes In Muviri?
Kusvikira munguva pfupi yapfuura, basa guru re monocyte raifungidzirwa richicherechedza zvakatipoteredza uye richizadzisa dziva re macrophage nemasero eDendritic, sezvinodiwa.
Iye zvino zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvemamonocytes zvine mavara akasiyana, kana mapuroteni mabhii kunze, uye izvi zvinyorwa zvinogonawo kuita zvakasiyana. Mitatu mitatu yakasiyana yevanhu vanonzi monocytes ikozvino inotsanangurwa:
- Chikoro chechimonoco chinokonzerwa ne80 muzana yevanhu vakawanda vanoita monocyte.
- Izvo 20% inosara inogona kuenzanisirwa neproteiniti ma tags
- kwete-classic monocytes uye
- monocytes mukati.
Apo zvinosvika kumarudzi akasiyana e-monocytes uye maitiro avanoita musimba rekudzivirira muviri, vatsvakurudzi vachiri kushanda zvakajeka, uye zvimwe zvakawanda zviri kuzivikanwa panguva ino nezvemagetsi monocytes kupfuura manocytes evanhu.
Izwi rokuti "kupisa" uye "anti-inflammatory" rinoshandiswawo kurondedzera manocytes evanhu, zvichibva pane mamwe mapuroteni emagetsi, kana kuti zvinogamuchirwa, zvakawanikwa kunze kwemasero aya. Izvo zvisati zvamboitika kune vanhu, zvisinei, zviyero zvei monocytes zvinoshandiswa zvakakwana kuti zvipinde uye zvichibuda mumasukisi, uye uchapupu hunoratidza kuti panogona kunge kune marudzi ema monocytes anokwanisa kupinda uye kudya, kana phagocytize, vapikisi asi vasina kushingaira kukurudzira kuputika.
MuSpleen
Nhamba yakawanda yevanhu vanonzi monocytes vanotenda kuti vanoenda kune maviri mukati memuviri wenyu umo vanogona kugara kana kupa maitiro macrophages anoita mabasa anokosha mukurwisa utachiona uye kuchenesa masero akafa. Iyo spleen ine marudzi ose makuru e "mononuclear phagocytes," kusanganisira macrophages, masero dendritic uye monocytes. Nenzira iyi, chirwere chinogona kuva nzvimbo inoshanda ye innate immune system .
Innate Immunity
Inotakura mishonga inoratidzirwa inoreva kusununguka kwaunoberekerwa nawo, kwete hutachiona hwakakosha hungawedzera shure, uchiti, chirwere kana kuti pashure pokudzikinura kubva kune chirwere chinotapukira. Iyo immune system system inoshandisa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira phagocytosis nekuputika. Macrophage inogona kugovera phagocytosis, chirongwa chavanopinda nayo uye kuparadza zvikwereti nevanoparadza.
Vanogonawo "kurega" chero yekare, vanyevera masero matsvuku eropa nenzira iyi. Macrophages mu spleen anobatsira nekuchenesa ropa rezvimedu nemasero akare, asiwo anogona kubatsira T-lymphocytes kuti dzive nevanopinda kune dzimwe nyika. Kana izvi zvichiitika, inonzi antigen mharidzo. Ichi chikamu chokupedzisira, mharidzo yeAntigeni, ndiyo inogumira magadzirirwo emasikirwo emasikati uye apo yakawana kana kudzidza kudzivirira kwemuviri kune imwe nyika inopinda mumashure inotanga.
Monocytes Inobatsira Kurwisa Utachiona munzira dzakasiyana
Kubva kumusoro, tinoziva kuti mamwe monocytes anochinja kuva macrophage mumatumbu akafanana nePac-Man, achiita mabhakitiriya, mavairasi, madota, uye chero masero akabatwa nehutachiwana kana anorwara.
Kuenzaniswa nemamwe maune immune masikati, ma-T-cells, macrophages anonyanya kuwanika kuti aone nekurwisa hutsva hutsva. Vanogona kungova kugara munzvimbo dzavo dzinowanzodiwa, kana kuti vanogona kukurumidza kuenda kunzvimbo yekuvhiringidza uko vangave vachidiwa kurwisana nehutachiona.
Mamwe monocytes anochinja kuva masero e-dendritic mumatumbu, umo anoshanda neT lymphocytes. Macrophage inogonawo kupa maantigen maT-cells, asi masero eDendritic ave achionekwa sevanyori paanouya nebasa iri.
Vanounganidza zvipuka kubva pakaputsika kwebhakitiriya, mavairusi, nezvimwe zvinhu zvekunze uye vanozvipa iyo kune T-seli kuitira kuti vazvione uye vogadzirisa mhinduro dzekudzivirirwa mumuviri kune avo vanoparadza. Kufanana nema macrophages, masero eDendritic anokwanisa kupa maantigen kune T-masero mune imwe mamiriro ezvinhu, sekunge kuti, "Hei tarisai izvi, munofunga kuti tinofanira kunge tiri kuita zvakawanda pamusoro peizvi?"
Monocytes muHuman Diseases
Paunenge uine chirongwa cheAIDS cheCBC chakaitwa nehutano hwakasiyana, mutezi weropa rechec monocytes anoverengwa uye nhamba inonzi yakasikwa, uyewo kuti zviyero zvipi zvemasero machena ega ese ari monocytes.
- Kuwedzerwa kwemamonocyte kunogona kunge kwakaguma nehutachiona hwebhakitiriya, fungus, kana utachiona. Inogonawo kuva mhinduro kudzvinyiriri. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kukwidziridzwa kwepamusoro kwemonocyte kunogona kunge kwakakonzerwa nechinetso nenzira iyo muviri wako unogadzira masero matsva eropa, uye mune dzimwe nguva, kuwedzerwa kunokonzerwa nehutachiona, hwakadai semamwe marudzi eukemia.
- Kuderera kwemaonocytes kunogona kuonekwa mushure memakemikirini , kazhinji nokuti yako yose yakachena yeropa rekuyera nhamba yakaderera.
Mune vanhu, monocytes zvakabatanidzwa mune zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvinosanganisa utachiona hwehutachiona, kushungurudzwa uye kukurumidza kuitika kwegomu, osteoporosis, chirwere chepfungwa, zvirwere zvemagetsi, uye zvirwere zvinotapukira. Zvisinei, sei iyo iyo mitauro yakasiyana-siyana yemarococte inoita zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvevanhu ichiri nzvimbo yekutsvakurudza kushanda.
Monocytes muListeria
Listeria monocytogenes rudzi rwebhakitiriya runogona kukonzera listeriosis, chirwere chakakurumbira chekudya. Listeria zvinodzivirira ndeimwe yezviverengeka zvakapiwa panguva yekuzvitakura, sezvo listeria inogona kukonzera meningitis muchecheche; Vanaamai vane pamuviri vanowanzokurudzirwa kuti vasadye chesees rakanaka, iyo inogona kubatira listeria.
Izvo zvinoitika kuti monocytes inogona kubatsira kurwisana nehutachiona, asi inogonawo kuva "Trojan mahara," nokuendesa mabhakitiriya muuropi, uye iyo inofunganya neListeria. Idairesi inowanikwa mukati me monocytes, asi ipapo monocytes haigone kuuraya mabhakitiriya uye inowedzera.
Monocytes muAukemia
Mutsara wemasero anopa ma monocytes anogona kunetseka uye kuwedzera kunze kwekutonga. Acute monocytic leukemia, kana kuti "FAB subtype M5" achishandisa rimwe rondedzero, ndiyo imwe yemhando yehutachiona hwemyelogenous leukemia . M5, inopfuura 80 muzana yemasero akaora mwoyo ndeye monocytes.
Muzvisingagumi myelomonocytic leukemia, kana CMML, kune huwandu huwandu hwemonocyte uye masero emasopa eropa mumapfupa emapfupa uye anopararira muropa. CMML ine zvikamu zvehutano hwakasiyana-siyana hweropa, saka inoshandiswa kushandiswa neWorld Health Organisation system sechibatanidzwa: myelodysplastic syndrome / myeloproliferative neoplasm , kana MDS / MPN. Inogona kufambira mberi kune muteyumu myeloid yeukemia munenge 15-30 muzana yevarwere.
Monocytes muLymphoma nezvimwe Kanzer
Vatsvakurudzi vari kuona kuti maococte angave ane zviito zvisingadikanwi maererano nemamota uye maitiro ekurwisa kenza yemaricho (white lymphoproliferative).
Kuvapo kwe macrophage nemabasa avo mumakumbo zvakabatanidzwa nekuita kuti tumarara dzemaviri dzigadzire kupa ropa uye kupinda uye kufamba neropa. Mune ramangwana, kutsvaga uku kunogona kutungamirira kunerapi iyo inoshandisa macrophage kudzivirira metastasis uye tumarara kukura.
Nokuda kwezvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana, vamwe vanachiremba vanotanga kushandisa mhedziso yakazara yechipupuriro sechiratidzo chekuchengetedza, kana kuwedzera kukurumidza kufanana mberi kwekurapa. Nhamba inowedzera ye monocytes kumusoro kweimwe chikumbaridzo inobatanidza nemigumisiro yevarombo kune varwere vane T-cell lymphomas neHodgkin chirwere . Nhengo ye lymphocyte-to-monocyte inogona kubatsirawo kuziva vanhu vane ngozi yakawanda mukupararira kukuru kwema-B-cell lymphoma uye kusagadziriswa kwemastatic colorectal cancer.
Sources:
Tadmor T (2013) Monocytes, Monocytic Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells uye Lymphoma: How Tight is Knot of the Tie? J Leuk (Los Angel) 1: e103.
Eigenbrod T, Dalpke AH. J Immunol. Bhakteria RNA: Chimwe Chinhu Chisingatauri Chechikonzero cheMhinduro dzeMusana dzisina kuwanikwa. 2015; 195 (2): 411-8.
Gui-Nan Lin, et. al. " Kufananidzirwa kwechirevo chep-preothe chemotherapy lymphocyte-to-monocyte chiyero kune varwere vane chirwere chekare chinenge chisina kutenderwa chechigoni chinogamuchira FOLFOX chemotherapy ." Chin J Cancer . 2016 Dec; 35: 5.