Ndezvipi zvinowanzosiyana nekenza muSouth America?
Kanzera mitezo yehuwandu inofananidzwa pakati penyika dzakasiyana-siyana munyika. Zvokudya uye zvimwe zviitiko zvinokonzerwa nemasikirwo zvinogona kukanganisa kanhi kukura. Semuenzaniso, kenza yemuviri inogona kuve yakajairika muJapan asi inofungidzirwa isingaiti muUnited States. Mhando yekenza yakawanda kune imwe nyika ingave isina kufanana kune imwe.
MuUnited States, chirwere chekenza chinofanira kunge chiine mashoma makumi mana emakondohwe anonzi akafanirwa kuonekwa sechinhu chakajairika chekenza.
Nhamba iyi inowanzochinja gore negore. Semuenzaniso, muna 2005, chiitiko chegore negore chaifanira kuva ne25 000, asi muna 2015, chaiva makumi mana. Iyi nhamba inoshandiswa neAmerican Cancer Society, iyo inodonhora mushumo wegore pamusoro pekenza kuitika uye kuora. Ona ACS Cancer Facts and Figures
Most Common Common Cancer muUnited States
Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer
Mumwe muvashanu vokuAmerica achava nekenza yeganda muhupenyu hwavo, maererano neChristine Cancer Foundation. Vanofungidzira kuti mamiriyoni 2,8 e basal cell carcinomas uye 700,000 maitiro e squamous cell carcinomas anoonekwa gore negore. Kenza yeganda yakakamurwa kuva mapoka maviri: melanoma uye kwete-melanoma. Non-melanoma yechirwere chepaganda inonyanya kuwanzana kupfuura melanoma uye haisi upenyu hunotyisa. Zvisinei, kana yakasiyiwa isingateereri kana kuonekwa munguva pfupi, chirwere cheganda reganda risina maranoma chinogona kuuraya kana kuparadza.
Zvimwe Zvinowanikwa Kazhinji Kanzira dzeKenza muUnited States
Izvi zvinotevera urongwa hwemhando dzakawanda dzekenza inowanikwa muUnited States. Mifananidzo ndeye 2015 kunze kweiyo yakataurwa.
Chirwere chepabonde
Kenza yepabonde ndiyo inowanzozivikanwa yekenza muvakadzi (kunze kwekusava ne-melanoma yekenza yemuviri). Inofungidzirwa kuti vakadzi 231 840 nevarume 2350 vachawanikwa vane kenza yemazamu mugore.
Utano hwepabonde hunofanira kunge huri pamusoro pevakadzi vose, kusanganisira kuva nechirwere chechirwere chekuongorora uye mammograms. Kunyange zvazvo kenza yemazamu inowanzova nhaka, vakadzi vasina mhuri yezvakaitika zvechirwere vanogona kuwedzera kenza yemvere pamwe chete.
Lung Cancer
Kunze kwee-non-melanoma ganda rekenza, kenza yemapapu ndiyo kanowanzozivikanwa kanzera pakati pevarume nevakadzi. Mune gore, vanhu 221 200 vanotarisirwa kuonekwa kuti vane chirwere. Chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru zvekukura kwekenza yemapapu ndiko kusvuta. Zvimwe zvinokonzera zviriko, zvakadai saRaddon kusvikirwa uye zvimwe zvinokonzera makemikari, asi kusvuta inoramba iine ngozi huru yekenza yemapapu.
Prostate Cancer
Chirwere cheprostate chirwere chinokanganisa prostate gland, inowanika mumarume chete. Iyo gland yakaenzana nehuni uye iri pasi pechipfuva uye pasi peti rectum. Icho chinonyanyozivikanwa chekenza inowanikwa mune varume (kunze kwekusava ne-melanoma yechirwere chepaganda), ine inofungidzirwa 220,800 itsva inowanikwa mune gore.
Kanononi yeColon
Inofungidzirwa kuti vanhu vanosvika makumi mapfumbamwe nemakumi mapfumbamwe nemakumi mapfumbamwe nemakumi mapfumbamwe nemakumi matatu (200) vachaonekwa kuti vane kenza yekoloni mugore. Nenzira yakanaka, kukurumidza kuziva kunogona kuitika panguva yakakodzera uye nguva dzose.
Zvinokurudzirwa kuti vanhu vehuwandu hwehutachiona vanotanga kuongorora kuve nemakore makumi mashanu nemakore gumi mushure mazvo.
Bladder Cancer
IAmerican Cancer Society inofungidzira kuti 74 000 vanhu vachaonekwa kuti vane kenza yekramha mugore. Kana uchinge uongororwa mumatanho ekutanga, unoporesa zvikuru. Iko kune marudzi akasiyana-siyana emukenza wekemhavha, mamwe anove akawandisa kupfuura mamwe. Rudzi rwakawanda kwazvo rwekenza yemukaka irothelial carcinoma, inotarisa anenge 90% yekenza yekenza yeropa.
Melanoma
Chirwere chinonzi chirwere chepachirwere cheganda chinokanganisa vanenge 5% yevanhu vanorwara nekenza yeganda, inofungidzirwa 73,800 muna 2015.
Chirwere chinonzi "Melanoma" chinonziwo chinodarika makumi mapfumbamwe nezana nezana (75%) evanhu vose vanorwara nekenza yegore. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, maranoma inogona kudzivirirwa nekuderedza kusvibiswa kune ngozi. Melanoma inoporesa kana yaonekwa kare.
Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Inofungidzirwa kuti vanhu vanopfuura 71 850 vachaongororwa neNHL mugore. Chirwere ichi chinokanganisa lymphatic system muvana nevakuru. Kune marudzi anenge 30 akasiyana easiri Hodgkin's lymphoma. Zviratidzo zvinozivikanwa zvinosanganisira kuputika kweusiku uye kuvhiringidza lymph nodes.
Thyroid Cancer
Utachiona uhu hwakaita seguruvhiri uri mukati memutsipa. Kunyangwe zviduku muhukuru, kuti utachiona hwakashanda zvakadini hune simba guru pane utano hwedu. Iine mabasa akawanda, kusanganisira kutonga metabolism yedu nekugadzirwa kwehomoni. Zvinotarisirwa kuti vanhu vana mazana mana nemakumi mana nemakumi mashanu vachaonekwa kuti vane kenza yekameti mugore.
Kidyo Kanzvadzi (Renal Cell)
Renal cell carcinoma ndiyo yakanyanya kufanana nemararamiro epfungwa, kuverenga kusvika kusvika 90% emhosva dzechirwere chacho. Mu renal cell carcinoma, masero anonyangadza anotenda kuti anomuka kubva mumatope epiyo. IAmerican Cancer Society inofungidzira kuti vanopfuura 61,560 vokuAmerica vachaonekwa mune gore.
Leukemia
Leukemia chirwere chinokanganisa masero anoita ropa mumuviri. Ihwo hutano hwekenza hunoratidzwa nehuwandu hwemasero masero eropa asina kuchena mumuviri. Leukemia inotanga mufupa remapfupa uye inopararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzomuviri. Vose vana nevakuru vanogona kukudziridza reukemukari. 54,270 vanhu vokuAmerica vanogona kuonekwa kuti vane leukemia mugore.
Pancreatic Cancer
IAmerica Cancer Society inofungidzira kuti vanopfuura 48 960 vanhu muUnited States vachaonekwa kuti vane kenza yepancreatic mugore. Inenge nguva dzose inouraya, sezvo inonyanya kuongororwa mumatanho ekupedzisira. Iyo chirwere chakakomba chinogona kuva chakaoma kuongorora nekubata. Inofungidzirwa kuti vanhu 40,560 vachafa nekenza yepancreatic mugore.
Endometrial Cancer
Muchirwere weEntometrial unowedzera mu endometrium, chivako chechibereko mukati mevakadzi. Inowanzonzi kanonzi uterine kenza, asi dzimwe mhando dzekenza dzinokura mudumbu, kunyange zvishoma zvishoma. Muchirwere weEntometrial inowanzotaridzirwa muvakadzi vakambomira kupedza mimba, asi inogona kuonekwa mune vakadzi vaduku, zvakare. Vanenge 43 000 vakadzi vanotarisirwa kuti vaongororwa nekenza yemapendometri muna 2010.
> Sources:
> "Kanzera reChangu Chokwadi," Ganda reKanazi reChangu, rakarongedzwa musi waFebruary 9, 2015.
> America Cancer Society. Cancer Facts & Figures 2015. Atlanta: American Cancer Society; 2015.