Mutevedzeri weMurwere weGanho III uye IV Kuchengetedzwa kweMelanoma
Chiremba wako anotaura kuti biopsy yako inoratidzira kufungidzirwa kwevechirwere chinoputika , chimiro chinoshungurudza chekenza yeganda . Chii chinotevera? Ndezvipi zvaunogona kuita? Heino mhedziso yezvaunotarisira kuitira kuti ugone kubvunza mibvunzo yakajeka pamusoro pekurapa kwako uye kufungidzira kwako. ( Tsanangudzo yezvokurapa kwechiranoma yepakutanga 0, I uye II zvirwere zvinowanikwawo.
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Stage III Melanoma
Kurapa kwokuvhiya kwechitsauko III melanoma kunosanganisira kusagadzikana (kubviswa) kwechirwere chekutanga uye kazhinji kacho lymph nodes dziri pedyo. Adjuvant (mushure mekuvhiyiwa) kurapwa ne interferon-alfa2b kunogona kubatsira vamwe varwere vane chirwere chechikamu chechitatu melanoma kurwisa kudzokorora kwenguva refu.
Kana chironda ichi chisingazobviswa zvachose, chiremba wako anogona kuisa mushonga (BCG) kana interleukin-2 zvakananga mumatumbu. Nokuda kwechirumoma kune ruoko kana gumbo, imwe nzira inogona kuitika ndeyokupa chimiro chakatsvaga sarudzo ye chemotherapy drug melphalan. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, chirwere chemaawa chinogona kupiwa mushure mekuvhiyiwa munzvimbo iyo lymph node yakabviswa, kunyanya kana dzakawanda zve node dzawanikwa dziine kenza. Zvimwe zvinogona kurapwa zvinosanganisira chemotherapy, immunotherapy kana zvose zvakabatana (biochemotherapy).
Mishonga yakawanda yakawanda iri kuongororwa mumakiriniki ekuedzwa inogona kubatsira vamwe varwere. Varwere vazhinji havazopodzwi nemishonga iye zvino yechitsauko III melanoma, kuitira kuti vangave vachida kufunga nezvekuve mune chirongwa chekurapa.
Chigadziko IV Melanoma
Chikamu IV melanoma yakanyanya kuoma kurapa, sezvo yakatoita masisita (kupararira) kumakiromodhi kure kure kana dzimwe nzvimbo dzomuviri. Kutsvakurudza kuchabatanidza kubvisa matumbo, lymph nodes, kana dzimwe nhengo dzomukati, zvichienderana nekuwanda kwemamota aripo, nzvimbo yavo, uye kuti vangangodaro vanokonzera zviratidzo sei.
Metastases iyo inokonzera zviratidzo asi haikwanisi kubviswa chirwere inogona kurapwa nemirairo kana chemotherapy.
Iyo chemotherapy mishonga inoshandiswa panguva ino isingakoshi muvanhu vazhinji vane gavhuna IV rinorwara. Dacarbazine (DTIC) uye temozolomide (Temodar) ndiyo iyo inowanzoshandiswa kana yega kana kubatanidzwa nemamwe madhiragi. Kunyange kana chemotherapy inopedza aya kanzira, zvinoitika ndezvenguva pfupi, uye inowanikwa nguva yemwedzi 3 kusvika kumatanhatu vasati kenza inotanga kukura zvakare. Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitiki, zvinogona kushanda kwenguva yakareba. Immunotherapy, kushandisa interferon-2b kana interleukin-2, inogona kubatsira nhamba shomanana yevarwere vane chirwere chepanethi IV inorarama kwenguva refu. Kuwedzerwa kwemishonga iyi kunoratidzika kuva yakakosha, asi vanewo zvirwere zvakanyanya.
Vanachiremba vazhinji vanokurudzira biochemotherapy - kusanganisa chemotherapy uye kana interleukin-2, interferon kana maviri. Somuenzaniso, vamwe vanachiremba vanobatanidza interferon ne temozolomide. Iyo mishonga miviri yakabatanidzwa kuti iite kuti pave nehutachiona shrinkage, iyo inogona kuita kuti varwere vachinzwe zviri nani, kunyange zvazvo kubatana kusati kwaratidzwa kubatsira varwere kurarama kwenguva refu. Imwe mishonga inoshandiswa inoshandisa kuderedza doses re interferon, interleukin, uye temozolomide.
Mumwe nomumwe anoita seanobatsira vamwe varwere.
Sezvo danho re IV melanoma rakaoma kurapa nemishonga iyezvino, unofanirwa kukurukura nachiremba wako kana iwe uchikwanisa kuongororwa kliniki. Mishonga yemakirini emishonga chemotherapy mishonga, nzira itsva dze immunotherapy kana chirwere chekudzivirira zvirwere uye kusanganiswa kwemarudzi akasiyana-siyana emishonga inogona kubatsira vamwe varwere. Kunyange zvazvo maonero evarwere vane chirwere chepaneti yevane melanoma inotarisa kuva varombo zvakakwana, nhamba shomanana yevarwere vakagamuchira zvakanyanya kunyanya kurapwa kana kuti vakapona kwemakore mazhinji mushure mekuongororwa.
Sources:
"Kurapa kweMeanoma Skin Cancer neSiteji." American Cancer Society. 24 December 2008.
"Melanoma Treatment PDQ." National Cancer Institute. 24 December 2008.
"Mirayiridzo: Melanoma." National Comprehensive Cancer Network. 16 December 2008.