Murwere Muongorori weGwara 0, I, uye II Kurapa kweMelanoma
Mavambo Ekutanga Kuona Chirwere cheMeanoma - Chii Chinouya Nezvekupedzisira?
Chiremba wako anoti chivara chako cheganda chakadzoka chichiratidza kuti chinokonzera melanoma , iyo inonyanya kurwisa kanzera reganda . Nenzira yakanaka, yakabatwa sematanoma epakutanga (0, I, kana II), saka kufara kwako kwakanaka. Asi chii chinotevera? Ndezvipi zvamunogona kurapa? Heino mhedziso yezvinofanira kutarisira.
Kana iwe wakanzwa tsanangudzo ye melanoma yako asi hauna chokwadi chemukati, dzidza nezvekugadzirwa kwechironda .
Kana iwe melanoma yako pane nzvimbo yechipiri II kana sendima IV (metastatic) melanoma, dzidza nezvemaitiro ekurapa kwechikwata chemalaranoma chaiyo .
Chikamu 0 (In Situ) Melanoma
Nhanho 0 ("in situ") melanomas haina kupararira kupfuura epidermis (yakakwirira yeganda). Vanowanzobatwa nekubviswa kwekuvhiya ("kukanganisa") kwee melanoma uye zvishoma zvishoma (anenge 0.5 cm) zveganda rinowanzozivikanwa (rinonzi "margin"). Kuvhiya panguva iyi kunowanzoporesa chirwere chacho. Pamusana peanoranomas pachiso, vamwe vanachiremba vanogona kunge vakanyorera kamuki ane chirwere Aldara (imiquimod) . Izvi zvinonyanya kushandiswa apo kuvhiyiwa kwaizoita dambudziko rezvigadziro. Muchero unoshandiswa chero kupi zvako kubva kamwe kamwe pazuva kusvika kaviri pavhiki kwemwedzi inenge mitatu.
Chikamu I Melanoma
Kurapa kwechitsauko I melanoma (kureva kuti, zvipembenene 2 mm muupfumi kana kuti zvishoma) zvinosanganisira kubviswa kwechirwere chinonzi melanoma uye kubviswa kwemasendimita 1 kusvika ku 2 cm rwechivara chinowanikwa chakakomberedza, zvichienderana nehupamhi hwe melanoma (inonzi " Breslow kuoma ").
Zvichienderana nechinzvimbo chechironda, vanhu vazhinji vanogona kuve nekuita izvi nenzira inoitwa muchechi yekunze kana chiremba.
Routine lymph node dissection (kubviswa kwe lymph nodes pedyo nekenza) hazvina kuratidzirwa kuvandudza kupona kune varwere vane chirwere chemasero. Vamwe vanachiremba vanokurudzira sentinel lymph node mapping uye biopsy kana melanoma iri danho yeB IB kana ine zvimwe zvinokonzera kupararira kune lymph nodes zvimwe.
Stage II Melanoma
Kunyoresa kwese ndiyo inoshandiswa yakagadziriswa yechando II melanoma. Kana iyo melanoma iri pakati pe 1 mm ne 2 mm yakakura, 1 cm kusvika 2 cm margin yeganda rinowanzozobviswa zvakare. Kana bundu racho riri 2 mm kusvika 4 mm, kureba 2 cm yeganda rinowanzozobviswa kubva kumucheto. Kana chironda chacho chinopfuura 4 mm yakakura, marita e3 cm inokurudzirwa kana zvinyorwa zvingaita.
Sezvo maranoma angave akapararira kune lymph nodes pedyo nechomuviri, vamwe vanachiremba vanogona kukurudzira imwe node ye lymph biopsy zvakare. Mune nzira iyi, dhayi uye inonzi radioactive tracer inorohwa mu melanoma vasati vambovhiyiwa. Melanomas inopararira nenzira ye lymphatic system kana ropa. Apo pavanopararira kuburikidza ne-lymphatic system, vanowanzotanga kupararira kumakirini emakirini ari pedo nekenza, uye kana vachingopararira kune lymph node yekutanga, vanopararira mutsetse kune vamwe. Kuita nhamba yemagetsi inonzi biopsy inobvumira chirembachire kuti aone nezve melanoma yakatanga kupararira.
Kana iyo node (s) inowanikwa inowanika, inobva yave ichinyorwa pamwe nekubvisa maranoma. Kana iyo node yekodha ine kenza, iyo inonzi lymph node dissection (apo yese lymph nodes munharaunda iyo inobviswa zvayo) ichaitwa panguva inotevera.
Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti kana kune uchapupu hwokuti kenza yakapararira kune nodefetinel kana mamwe lymph node, izvi hazvirevi kuti iri mastatic. Pamusoro peshumo yako yehupopi inogona kuti "metastatic to lymph nodes" asizve, izvi hazvirevi kuti kenza yako ine mastatic, asi ndeyekuti inogona kuva inyanzvi.
Mune zvimwe zviitiko (zvakadai sokuti chironda chinowanikwa chinopfuura 4 mm yakakura kana kuti lymph nodes ine kenza), vamwe vanachiremba vangakurudzira adjuvant therapy (mamwe mazano pashure pokuvhiyiwa) ne interferon-alfa2b . Zvimwe zvinodhaka kana zvimwe zvirwere zvinogona kukurudzirwa sechikamu chekliniki yekuedza kuedza kuderedza mukana wekuti melanoma ichadzoka.
Ikozvino uchapupu hwekubudirira kwemishonga adjuvant kana kurapwa kwemaawa kune chirwere chechikamu chechipiri, zvisinei, hachina kukwana.
Zvitsva zvitsva zviri kuwanika kune ma melanoma nguva dzose uye kunyanya zviri kuverengwa mumakiriniki ekuedzwa. Taura nechiremba wako pamusoro pekuti iwe unogona kunge uri mukana weimwe yezvidzidzo izvi. Kana iwe une danho rechipiri reMananoma zvakare zvakakosha zvikuru kuva iwe mumutevereri wako mukuchengetedzwa kwekenza . Dzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pee melanomas uye chero zviratidzo kana zviratidzo zvekudzoka .
Sources:
National Cancer Institute. Chirwere cheMeanoma (PDQ) - yeZviviri zveZviviri. Kushandurwa 04/15/16. https://www.cancer.gov/types/skin/hp/melanoma-treatment-pdq