Kana chiremba wako achishuva kuti une metastatic melanoma (danho III kana IV), pane zvimwe zvishandiso zvinowanikwa kuti zvive nechokwadi chekuongorora , chengetedza nzvimbo chaiyo uye chengetedza kana yakapararira kune lymph nodes kana kure, mapapu, uropi, mapfupa kana zvimwe nzvimbo dzemuviri. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuongororwa ropa kweLDH (lactate dehydrogenase) level, aininel lymph node biopsy , kana kuti zvidzidzo zvekufungidzira uchishandisa teknolojia yakafanana neyomugumisiro tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) uye positron emission tomography (PET).
Iri sumo richakubatsira iwe kunzwisisa pfungwa uye unzwisise zvaunotarisira panguva idzi dzimwe nguva zvinotyisa kuparadzanisa nzira.
Computed Tomography (CT)
CT ndiyo nzira yekufungidzira inoshandisa mamiriyoni e-ray kuti igadzire zvikamu zvemuchinjikwa wemuviri. Zvinyorwa zviduku mukati me scanner chiyero chema x-ray anozviita kuburikidza nechikamu chemuviri unodzidzwa. Ikombiyuta inotora ruzivo urwu uye inoshandisa iyo kugadzira mifananidzo yakawanda yemunhu, inonzi "zvidimbu." Zvitatu-dimensional zvikamu zvezvikamu zvingave zvakasikwa nekuvhara zvimedu zvakasiyana pamwe chete. Kana iwe uine danho rechitatu kana IV, "kana uchienda," kana kuti chirwere chinogara chiripo, iwe unogona kunge uine CT scan yebhokisi, nokuti mapapu kazhinji ndiyo nzvimbo yekutanga yezvirwere zvemasastatic. Chiremba anogonawo kugadzira CT scan yeuropi yako, mimba kana mapepa, zvichienderana nesiteji uye zviratidzo.
Zvaunotarisira. Pakati pekugadzwa kwako, iwe uchakumbirwa kurara patafura shoma inopinda mukati me CT scanner.
Iwe unogona kugoverwa mujoyi (intravenous) (IV) yeaa, kana kuti mujeri we-radiocontrast, iyo inobatsira zvakanyatsorongedza zvivako mumuviri wako. Zvichienderana nekudzidza kuri kuitwa, iwe ucharara pamudumbu mako, shure kana kurutivi. Kana uchinge uri mukati me scanner, mamiriyoni e-ray-ray bhora rinotenderera iwe. (Mazuva ano "kuvhuvhuta" scanners vanogona kuita kuongorora mune imwe nzira inopfuurira.) Unofanira kunge uchiripo panguva yekuongorora nokuti kufamba kunokonzera mifananidzo yakajeka.
Iwe unogona kuudzwa kuti ubate mweya wako kwenguva pfupi. Kazhinji, zvikamu zvakakwana zvinotora maminetsi mashoma. Izvo itsva yezvinonzi multidetector scanners inogona kufanidza muviri wako wose, musoro kusvika kunewe, mumasekondi masere 30.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
MRI inzira isingatauri kutora mifananidzo yemuviri. Kusiyana ne-x-rays uye CT scan, iyo inoshandisa mazai emvura, MRI inoshandisa magetsi ane simba uye mafungu eredhiyo kuvaka chifananidzo. I-MRI inobatsira pakutsvaga maranoma uye inogona kudiwa kuti ione mamwe maitiro akare ari kure, kunyanya muuropi kana musipinha.
Zvaunotarisira. Kuti uite scan, iwe unogona kubvunzwa kupfeka chipfeko chechipatara kana zvipfeko zvisina tsvina yesimbi (zvakadai se sweatpants uye T-shirt). Iwe uchanyarara patafura shoma, iyo inofamba ichienda pakati peMRI machine. Kana iwe uchitya zvivharo zvakavharwa (claustrophobia), udza chiremba wako usati waongorora. Iwe unogona kuudzwa kuti unyoro hwechirwere kana kuti chiremba wako angakurudzira "MRI yakazaruka", umo mishonga isiri pedyo nemuviri. Zvigadzirwa zviduku, zvinonzi "mapuranga," zvinogona kuiswa pamusoro wemusoro, ruoko, gumbo kana dzimwe nzvimbo dzinodzidzwa. Izvi zvinobatsira kutumira uye kugamuchira mazai eredhiyo uye kuvandudza unhu hwezvifananidzo. Mimwe miedzo inoda dae inokosha (kusiyana).
Dhayi inowanzopiwa mushure mokuedzwa kuburikidza nemutsara unoita kuti iwe uite kana kuti iwe unofambisa. Dhayi inobatsira radiologist kuona dzimwe nzvimbo zvakajeka. Munguva yeMRI, munhu anoshanda nemichina achakuona kubva pane imwe imba. Makero akawanda emifananidzo anowanzodiwa, imwe neimwe inotora 2 kusvika ku15 maminitsi. Zvichienderana nezvinzvimbo zvadzidza uye rudzi rwezvigadzirwa, kuongorora kunogona kutora awa imwe kana kupfuura.
Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
PET chirwere chekufungidzira chinoshandisa chinhu chinoshandiswa nehutachiona kutarisa zvirwere mumuviri. Kusiyana neMRI uye CT scan, iyo inoratidzira chimiro chemuviri, PET scan inoratidza kuti nhengo nezviviri zvinoshanda sei.
Nzira iyi yakaratidza kuti inobatsira pakuongorora maitiro emasitemu evasingazivikanwi, nzvimbo inotarisa shato ye melanoma, nekuwana mishonga inoramba ichidzoka. Inofungidzirwa kuti inonzwisisika kupfuura CT yekuona zviduku zviduku zvinowanzoitwa melastoma ye metastoma asi zvakadaro, haikwanisi kufanana nekururama kwetinelin lymph node biopsy yekuona metastases mu lymph nodes.
Zvaunotarisira. PET inoshandisa shanduro shoma ye "radioactive" injove muvheini, kazhinji mukati memheto. Chinhu chinofamba neropa uye chinounganidza nhengo kana maviri ane mabasa makuru. Iwe uchataridzirwa anenge maminitsi makumi matanhatu mushure mekugamuchira chinhu chinotyisa. Iwe unorara patafura inopinda muhomwe yakagadzirirwa mukati mePET scanner. Mushonga wePET unoona simba rakapiwa nemhepo inopisa uye inoshandura ikaita mifananidzo mitatu. Mifananidzo yacho inotumirwa kumakombiyuta, kwavanoratidzwa pachitarisiko chechiremba kuti chiverenge. Iwe unofanirwa kureva nhema panguva yePET scan kuitira kuti mishoni inogona kuwana mifananidzo yakajeka ye nhengo dzako. Muedzo unotora anenge maminitsi makumi matatu.
Sources:
Dancey AL, Mahon BS, Rayatt SS. Kuongorora kwekufungidzira imaging mu melanoma. J Kuisa Chirwere Chekugadzira . 2008 61 (11): 1275-83. 18 November 2008.
"Maranoma Anoonekwa Sei?" American Cancer Society. 18 November 2008.
"Melanoma" National Comprehensive Cancer Network. V.2.2009. 18 November 2008.