Inosuruvarisa-induced asthma (kana IIA kwenguva pfupi) chiratidzo chebasa rekushanda chinokonzerwa nokusvibiswa negesi, mafesi, vaporo kana inhaled particles. Mamiriro akafanana akadaro airway dysfunction syndrome (kana kuti RADS kwenguva pfupi).
Izvi zvirwere zvinoratidzirwa sehuputi hwemabasa nekuti dzakawanda zvekutsvaga kwezvinhu zvinotyisa zvinotungamirira kuRADS neIIA zvinowanzoitika panzvimbo yebasa.
Zvisinei, kujekesa kunokonzera kutsamwisa kunogona kuitika mumusha kana munzvimbo dzomusangano, zvakare; saka, RADS neIIA haisi nguva dzose inobata basa.
RADS neIIA vakatanga kuzivikanwa sezvirwere zvakasiyana muna 1985, uye nyaya pamusoro pekutsvaga kwavo dzakakonzera kukakavadzana kumwe. Kugadzira kushamwaridzana kwakakwana pakati pekutsvaga kwemunhu kune chinotyisa uye zviratidzo zvomunhu zvechirwere hazvisi nyore nguva dzose. Uyezve, kusiyanisa RADS neIIA kubva kune dzimwe mhando dzechirwere zvinogona kunge zvakaoma.
Kusiyana pakati peRADS neIIA
Kazhinji, RADS inoratidzwa apo munhu (asina kumbozivikanwa kuti anonzi asthma) anowedzera zviratidzo zvechirwere mushure mekunge kamwe kamwe (kazhinji kangoerekana kwaitika) uye kujekesa kunonyadzisa. Mushure mokutanga kuonekwa, munhu ane RADS ane zvirwere zvokufema zvinowanzoitika (mukati maawa makumi maviri nemaviri).
RADS inotendwa inokonzerwa nehuwandu hwehuwandu hwehutachiona pamasero anotarisa mhepo.
Kuvhiringidzika kunokonzera kupindura kwekuvhiringidza kwakasiyana nedzidzo yepamusoro yekudzokorora kunowanzoitika-nzira mune vanhu vakawanda vane asthma.
Iyo nharo pamusoro pekuongororwa kweIIA kana kuti pasi-dose RADS iri mune nzira inorongwa yechirwere ichi. Mubvunzo unoramba uripo kana kunogona kukanganisa zvakananga kumasero kubva nguva refu yakasununguka kutarisa, pasina chinokonzera chinokonzera.
IU-based-expert expert panel, yakagadzirirwa muna 2006, yakagamuchira izwi rokuti "inotyisa-induced asthma" panzvimbo peRADS, uye pavakasarudza izwi rokuti "chirwere chinokanganisa-chinokonzerwa nechirwere" pane nzvimbo shoma yeRADS-pano yakaenderera mberi kusagamuchirwa pamusoro pekuti izvi zviripo here.
Kuvhiringidzika Nokuda kweInternway Irritation
Apo vanhu vanoratidzwa nehuwandu hwekuvhiringidza, maviri anongedza mhepo yavo yakaora. Izvo zvinokanganisa zvakafanana nekupisa, nekurasikirwa kwemashure masikati uye nzvimbo shomanana dzeropa nekudzivirira pasi pepasi.
Mukuenzanisira, zvinokonzerwa nezvinokonzera zvinokonzera zvakasiyana nokuti zvinosanganisira kupindura kwemuviri wemuviri wemuviri. Mhepo yevanhu vane chirwere chisingaperi chemapapu chinokonzerwa neRADS ichakuya uye icharatidza fibrous deposits, uye maitiro emumigwagwa ari kupera.
Kuongorora nekurapa
Pane zvitatu zvakakosha zvekuziva RADS neIIA
- Kushanda kwemhepo kunoputika, kukwezva, uye kupfupika kwemhepo inopera inoitika mushure mekunge uchinge wanyanyisa (zvakadai seklorini, kuchenesa kana utsi). MuRADS, izvi zvinoitika munguva pfupi mushure mekutsvaga kukuru; muIIA, izvi zvinoitika mushure mokudukusa, kutengesa kakawanda.
- Hapana nhoroondo yekumhan'ara kwepmma.
- Zviratidzo zvinopfuurira mberi kwekutsvaga kwekutanga.
NeRADS, vanhu vazhinji vanotsanangura kukurumidza kutsva kwekunzwa mumhino nehuro pamusi wekutsvaga, uye zviratidzo zvepasi pakarepo kana mushure memaawa mashoma.
Apo mumwe munhu atova nehuwandu hwepamusoro-soro kune anotsamwisa, uye pasina nhoroondo yekare yemakungunyuchi emapapu, zviratidzo zviri nyore nyore kubva pakuonekwa kwavo. Zvisinei, kana munhu atove aine nguva yakareba kana kuti yakawanda, zvakaoma kuratidza kuti zviratidzo izvi zvaive chikonzero chaicho chekutsamwisa.
Kana chiremba anokakaira RADS kana IIA, achabata nhoroondo yepamusoro uye kuongorora muviri. Chiremba anogona kuraira maitiro emapurmoni ekuedza kuti aone kuti kana mapapu akabatwa sei.
Kazhinji, munhu ane RADS acharatidza kuderedza kudarika kwezviratidzo mushure mekushandisa mamwe mishonga ye-asthma (bronchodilator se albuterol) kupfuura vanhu vane asthma.
Pakarepo mushure mokunge ataura, muromo steroid inorayirwa kuti kuderedzwa kuputika mumugwagwa. Inhaled steroids inorayirwa kana zviratidzo zvichienderera mberi.
Zvakawanda Zvakadini?
Hazvinyatsozivikanwi kuti kugara kazhinji kwekutsamwa kunokonzera sei RADS neIIA. Zvidzidzo zvevashandi vanobatanidzwa mumakemikari makuru ekutsvaga-akadai seklorini, acetic acid kana masadhi yemasitadhi-kuenzanisa-vakaratidza kuti 11 kusvika ku 57% yevanhu avo vakave vakaratidzirwa vakagadzirwa RADS. Mune rumwe ruzivo rwevadzivi vemoto vainge vazarurwa nemafuta kubva kuWorld Trade Center musi waSeptember 11, 16% vakaongororwa vane RADS 1 gore gare gare. Chimwe chidzidzo chevashandi vose vane hutachiwana hwebasa mumatunhu mana akawana kuti RADS inomiririra 14% yezvese zvakanyorwa zvehutachiona hwemaitiro ephma.
Mabasa akawanda anoisa vanhu pangozi yakakura yekutsamwa kunotyisa kunogona kukonzera RADS neIIA. Irritants iyo inowanzonzi inoshandiswa mukurudzirwa kwezvirwere izvi inosanganisira dzakasiyana-siyana acid, mabhenji ekudzivirira, kuchenesa, chlorine gesi, kupisa dizeli, formaldehyde, sulfur dioxide, uye isocyanates, iyo inowanzoshandiswa mumapurastiki nematare.
Ani naani anoshanda nezvinhu zvine ngozi anofanira kuve akaziva nezvezviitiko. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) inorayira kuti vashandirwi vanofanira kunge vane kuchengetedzwa kwezvirongwa panzvimbo iyo inosanganisira midziyo yekudzivirira, dzidzo, uye mirayiridzo yezvinofanira kuitwa kana pane kuerekana kwaitika. Kana iwe uchifungidzira kuti wako waunoshandira haasi maererano nemitemo iyi, taura nehofisi yako yeAHAHA yega.
Kunze kwemigumisiro yezvehutano inogona kupesana nemabasa anowanzoitika, zvinogona kuva nemigumisiro yehupfumi uye yezvemari yeRADS neIIA pamwe chete. Vanachiremba nevatsvakurudzi vanoramba vachiedza kutsvaga nzira dzakagadziriswa dzekuongorora mamiriro aya nekuda kwehutano hwepamusoro uye hwepamutemo huchapa varwere vanovhiringidzwa navo. Kune vanhu vanoratidzwa pachena uye vakakuvadzwa panzvimbo yebasa, kuongorora kwakarurama kwakakosha pakuwana mubhadharo uye zvinobatsira.
Zviripo zvakagadzirwa naNaveed Saleh, MD, MS, musi wa2/11/2016.
Sources:
Bhanawi, G, Dhala, A., Alleyne, D., Alva, R., Santhyadka, G., Krasko, A., Weiden, M., Kelly, KJ, uye Prezant, DJ "Bronchial Hyperreactivity uye Zvimwe Zvimwe Zvokukuvadza Zvisina Kukwana Mukusunungura / Kuvandudza Vashandi Mushure meNyika YeNyika Yekutengeserana Inopera. " Critical Care Medicine (2005) 33 (1) Suppl: S102-S106. 18 Dec. 2007 (abstract)
Bardana, EJ "Reactive Airways Dysfunction Syndrome (RADS): Mirayiridzo yeKutsvaga uye Kurapa uye Insight Zvichida Kuparara." Annals of Allergy, Asthma, uye Immunology (1999) 83 (6): 583-586. 18 Dec. 2007 (abstract)
Bhérer, L., Cushman, R., Courteau, JP, Quevillon, M., Cote, G., Bourbeau, J., Archeveque, J., Cartier, A., uye Malo, JL "Ongororo Yevashandi Vekuvaka Zvinowanzobudiswa kuChlorine Pamwedzi mitatu kusvika kumwedzi mitanhatu Period muPulpmill: II.Kutevedzwa kweVashandi Vakagadziriswa neMibvunzo, Spirometry, uye Kuongorora kwekutonga kweBronchial 18 kusvika ku 24 Mwedzi Shure kwekunge Mafungiro apera. " Occupational and Environmental Medicine (1994) 51: 225-228. 18 Dec. 2007 (abstract)
Brooks, SM, Weiss, MA, naBernstein, IL "Reactive Airways Dysfunction Syndrome (RADS): Inoramba Ichirwere Chirwere Shure Shungu Dzenheyo Dzinotyisa." Chest (1985): 88: 376-384. 18 Dec. 2007 (abstract)
Brooks, SM, Hammad, Y., Richards, I., Giovinco-Barbas, J., uye Jenkins, K. "Maitiro Etsinye-Anokonzerwa Nemafiropu: Kusinganzwisisiki uye Kusingatarisirwi Nenguva Dzeve uye Basa Rokurapa." Chest (1998) 113: 42-49. 18 Dec. 2007 (abstract)
Francis HC, Prys-Picard CO, Fishwick D, Stenton C, Burge PS, Bradshaw LM, Ayres JG, Campbell SM, Niven RM. Kusarudzira uye kutsvakurudza maitiro echibasa: kubvumirana. Occup Environ Med. 2007 Jun; 64 (6): 361-5.
Gautrin, D., Boulet, LP, Boutet, M., Dugas, M., Bhérer, L., Archevheque, J., Laviolette, M., Cote, J., uye Malo, JL "Is Reactive Airways Dysfunction Syndrome a Variant of Occupational Asthma? " Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1994): 93 (1): 12-22. 18 Dec. 2007
Henneberger, PK, Derk, SJ, Davis, L., Tumpowsky, C., Reilly, MJ, Rosenman, KD, Schill, DP, VP, V,,,,, R., Reinisch, F., Filios, MS, uye Tift, B. "Basa-Rakabatana Reactive Airways Dysfunction Syndrome Nyaya Dzokucherechedza Mukusarudza US States." Nhamba ye Occupational and Environmental Medicine (2003) 45 (4): 360-368. 18 Dec. 2007 (abstract)
Kern, DG. "Kuputika kweReactive Airways Dysfunction Syndrome Mushure mekuparara kweGlacial Acetic Acid." IAmerica Ongororo Yezvirwere Zvokufema (1991) 144 (5): 1058-1064. 18 Dec. 2007 (abstract)