Pulmonary function tests (PFT) inopesana nevarwere vakawanda veCOPD . Uye nokunzwisisa kuti chiremba wako anotsanangurira sei zvigumisiro zvinogona kunge zvakanyanya kufadza.
Zvisinei, kuziva nhamba dzako sezvavanoshandisa pamapirmoni mabasa ekuongorora kunokosha zvakadai sekuziva ropa rako kana iwe une chirwere chemwoyo. Hazviiti chete kuti migumisiro yako yekuedza inokupa nzira yekufananidza kana uchitarisa kuti uri kupindura sei kurapwa, asi vanokuudzawo kana chirwere chako chiri kuwedzera, kuramba uchifanana, kana kufambira mberi.
Overview
Mukuonekwa kweCOPD , zvirongwa zvemapurmoni zvinoshandiswa kuti zviongorore basa remapapu uye dzinotarisa dambudziko rekuparara kumapapu. Mukuwedzera kune nhoroondo yemurwere uye zvidzidzo zvepanyama, mapapu ( chifukidzo X-ray uye CT scan ), uye PFTs inokosha zvikuru pakuongorora hutano hwehutano.
Pulmonary function test inoshandiswa apo:
- Kuchengetedza kwekuvapo kwekudzivirira uye / kana kudzivirira zvirwere zvemapapu
- Kugadzirisa mamiriro emurwere mushure mekuvhiyiwa kuitira kuti uongorore dambudziko rekudzivirira kupora shure kwekuvhiyiwa
- Kuongorora kufambira mberi kwemapapu erwere uye kubudirira kwehutano
Mhando mitatu yemapurmonary work test inoshandiswa mukuongororwa kweCOPD:
- Spirometry
- Kusiyanisa zvidzidzo
- Mutumbi plethysmography
Spirometry Kuedzwa
COPD inokonzera mhepo mumapapu kuti ibudise zvishoma nezvishoma uye zvishoma zvishoma kana ichienzaniswa nemunhu ane mapapu ane utano. Kuwanda kwemweya mumapapu haukwanise kubudiswa nekuda kwekudzivirirwa kwepanyama (sekuita kwekugadzira michero ) kana kuendesa kwepasi kunokonzerwa nekupfirwa kusingaperi.
Ndiyo apo spirometry inopinda.
Spirometry ndiyo inonyanya kukosha pane zvose zvinonzi pulmonary function tests. Inogadzirwa nechinhu chakachengetwa nemaoko chinonzi spirometer uye chinogona kushandiswa nyore nevarwere vanobatsirwa neunyanzvi ane ruzivo.
Inowanzoita chisarudzo chokutanga chechiremba paanenge achiedza kutsvaga dambudziko rekupumadza.
Inowanzoshandiswa kushandura zvikwereti (zvikamu) zveCOPD.
Imwe nzira yakakodzera, isingabvumirwi, spirometry inogona kuitwa muchivande chehofisi yako yechiremba kana pane yakawanda mucheche kana muchipatara zvivako. Chiyero chinoda murwere, mushure mekunge mweya wose wakadzingwa, kubudisa zvakanyanya.
Izvi zvinotevera zvinotevera kutevedzwa kwekukurumidza kuitira kuti mweya wose wapera kubva pamapapu. Zvidzidzo zveMidometry zvinowanzosiyana asi zvinoenderana nezvakafanotaurwa maitiro ehutano hwakanaka, hwehutano hwevanhu (ona pasi apa).
Terminology Kuziva
Zvidzidzo zveMidometry zvinoyera muyero wekuchinja mumapapu mumapurisa panguva yekufema kunomanikidza kufema. Izvo zviyero zvinotsanangurwa uchishandisa izwi rinotevera:
- Kukosha Kwakakosha (VC) -Uwandu hwemweya hunogona kubudiswa kubva pamapapu ako mushure mekuzara kwekudzivirira.
- Kukanganiswa Kunokosha (FVC) -Uwandu hwemweya hunogona kubudiswa kubva pamapapu mushure mokutora mhepo yakadzika zvikuru.
- Kushandura Bhuku Rokumanikidzirwa muChipiri Chepiri (FEV1) -Uwandu hwemweya hunogona kubudiswa kubva pamapapu mukutanga kwechipiri chekudzimanikidzwa kunomanikidzwa.
- FEV1 / FVC Ratio-Yakasarudzwa se FEV1% kana% FEV1, inopa chiyero che FEV1 kusvika kuFVC. Izvi zvinoudza chiremba kuti zviyero zvipi zvehuwandu hwemhepo inoputika kubva kumapapu munguva yechipiri yechipiri chekudzimirwa kwekumanikidzirwa.
- Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR) -Matambudziko kana kurapwa kwakabudirira mukuvandudza zvirwere zvemhepo, zvakadai seCOPD.
- Kubvunzurudzwa Kunokonzererwa (FEF) -Kuyera kwehuwandu hwemhepo inogona kubudiswa kubva kumapapu. Icho chiratidzo chekudzivirira kukuru kwemhepo.
- FEF25% -Uno hunomiririra huwandu hwemweya hunogona kubudiswa kubva pamapapu mumapapu ekutanga 25 muzana yekumanikidzirwa kwese kukwaniswa kwesimba.
- FEF50% -Ukuyera uku kunomirira huwandu hwemhepo yakadzingwa mumapapu mukati mehafu yekutanga (50 muzana) yekumanikidzirwa kuongororwa kwepamusoro. Iyo inobatsira kana chiremba achifungidzira chirwere chinoparadza. Mune murwere ane chivhiringidziro, huwandu hwemweya huchave hwakanyanyiswa huchava hwakaderera kune hweumwe munhu ane mapapu ane utano.
- FEF25% -75% -Ukuyera uku kunomiririra wehuwandu hwemhepo yakasunungurwa kubva pamapapu mukati mehafu yepakati yekumanikidzirwa kukwanisa kuongororwa kwekwanisi. Vanachiremba vazhinji vanotaura nezvekukosha ichi nokuti inoratidza chirwere chinoparadza chirwere.
- Maximum Voluntary Ventilation (MVV) -Akoshi yakagadzirirwa nemurwere inhaling uye kubudisa simba nokukurumidza uye zvakakwana sezvinobvira mumasekondi gumi nemaviri. Zvigumisiro zvinoratidza hutano hwemisumbu inoshandiswa mukufema, iyo yakaoma mapapu aripo, uye kana pane kushorwa mumhepo iyo apo kufema. Uyu muedzo unoudza vanachiremba kuti simba rakadini mapapu emurwere anotangira kuvhiyiwa. Kana varwere vachiratidza kushanda kwakanaka pane izvi, zvinopa chiremba kuna chiremba kuti zvinokonzera kuporesa zvinogona kuitika mushure mekuvhiyiwa.
Kududzira Mhinduro
Spirometry inobatsira vanachiremba kuti vaone kuvepo kwekudzivirira nekudzivirira zvirwere zvemapapu. Kufanana nechiyero chipi nechipi chokuongororwa, chiremba wako ndiye munhu wakanakisisa waunofanira kutaura naye mhinduro dzako ye spirometry uye iye chete anogona kukupa zvakajeka kuongorora.
Kune nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzinoshandiswa pakutsanangurwa-iyo iyo chiremba wako anoshandisa inhau yekuda. Chinonyanya kukosha mune chero upiedzo we spirometry ndeyekuti wakaitwa nenzira yakarurama uye kuti kuedzwa kunotsanangurwa zvakarurama uye zvakarongeka nechiremba anodzidziswa.
Iyi inotevera nzira imwe chete yekutsanangurira kuedza iyo chiremba wako angashandisa. (Inofanirwa kuti uwane ruzivo rwekutaura chete uye haufaniri kutora mazano ekurapa anobva kumutano wako wehutano.)
- Danho 1: Tarisa paFVC yako kuti uone kana iri yakasarudzika.
- Danho 2: Tarisa pane FEV1 yako kuti uone kana iri yakasikwa.
- Nhanho 3: Kana zvose FVC yako ne FEV1 zvizere, iwe unogona kuongorora uye iwe unogona kumira pane danho iri.
- Nhanho 4: Kana FVC yako uye / kana FEV1 yako yakaderera, ipapo iwe unogona kuva nechirwere chemapapu uye mimwe miedzo inodiwa kuti uongorore izvi.
- Nhanho 5: Kana Step 4 ichitaura kuti zvinogona kukonzerwa nemapapu, tarisa pa% inofanirwa kuti yako FEV1 / FVC. Kana iri 69 muzana kana iri pasi, chirwere chinodzivisa chinofanira kunge chichifungidzirwa. Kana iri 85 kubva muzana kana yakakwirira, saka chirwere chinogadziriswa chemapapu chinofanira kunge chichifungidzirwa.
Kazhinji, vanhu vanowira spirometry vozobvunza kana zviitiko zvacho zvakarurama zvechokwadi. Zvechokwadi, kune zvimwe zvikonzero zvinogona kukanganisa yako spirometry zvinoguma nenzira shoma-inofadza.
Kusarudza COPD Kuoma
Vanachiremba vanoshandisawo spirometry kuti vaone kuoma kweCOPD. Kunyange zvazvo pane nhamba dzedzimwe sarudzo dzingasarudzwa kubva, tafura iri pasi apa ndiyo nzira yakakurudzirwa ne Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD).
Mitsva yako yekuedza inofananidzwa nematafura ezvakanaka, akafanotaurwa tsika dzinoshandisa zvigadziriswa zvemashoko akadai sezera, hutano, ukuru hwemuviri, uye uhu senzira yekusimudzira. Iko inenge yafanotaurwa, sezvinoreva shoko racho, inopa vanachiremba chigadzirwa chekuenzanisa mitsva yako yekuedza nemigumisiro inowanikwa kuvanhu vane mapapu ane utano.
| GOLD Zvinyorwa zveMweya yeCOPD | ||
| I. Zvinyoro COPD | * FEV1 / FVC <0.7 * FEV1> / = 80% yakafanotaurwa | Panguva ino, murwere angangodaro asingazivi kuti mapapu ari kutanga kutanga |
| II. Moderate COPD | * FEV1 / FVC <0.7 * 50% | Zviratidzo panguva iyi inofambira mberi, nekufema kwekufema kunowedzera pakuedza. |
| III. COPD yakasimba | * FEV1 / FVC <0.7 * 30% | Kupfupika kwefema kunowedzera kuwedzera panguva ino uye kuwedzera kweCOPD kwakajairika. |
| IV. COPD Yakanyanya Zvakanyanya | * FEV1 / FVC <0.7 * FEV1 <30% inofanotaurwa kana FEV1 <50% inofanirwa nehupenyu husingaperi hunofuridzira | Unhu hwehupenyu panguva ino hunooma. Kuwedzera kweCOPD kunogona kuisa upenyu pangozi. |
Zvidzidzo zveMidometry zvinowanzowedzerwa kaviri, zvose zvisati zvaitika uye shure kwekuisa bronchodilator. Maererano neAmerica Thoracic Society , kana pane zvishoma ne12% uye 200-milliliter kuvandudzwa kubva kune imwe nheyo mumushure-bronchodilator FEV1 mune maviri kubva pamitatu ye spirometry, iwe unonzi unopindura zvakanyanya kune bronchodilator. Izvi zvinofanira kuwirirana nekuti iwe unopindura zvakanakisisa sei kurapwa-chirevo chinokosha chinofananidzira.
Mimwe Miedzo
Pamwe pamwe ne spirometry, mamwe maviri emapurmoni anoedzwa maitiro anokosha mukuongororwa kwechipatara chirwere:
- Kudzidza kuparadzaniswa -This PFT inokuudza kuti oxygi yaunofema inopinda sei muropa rako.
- Mutumbi plethysmography -Uye kuongorora kunotarisa kuti mweya uripo mumapapu ako kana iwe uchitora kufema kwakanyanya uye kuti mweya unosara mumapapu ako mushure mekunge uchibudisa zvakanyanya sei iwe unogona.
> Sources:
Northern Arizona University. Basa rePulmonary Testing.
Purogiramu Yenyika Yose yekuziva, Kutungamirirwa, nekudzivirira kweCOPD, Global Initiative ye Chronic Disstructive Lung Disease (GOLD). 2010.