Makumi makumi emakore apfuura kusika maonesheni akange ari mumapeji esayenzi yenhema. Nhasi, kugadzirisa kunowedzera nzvimbo yekutsvakurudza kwesayenzi pamwe nekukwanisa kurapa zvirwere zvevanhu. Mhuka inenge ichinyorwa ikopi chaiyo yemhuka iyo yakapa ruzivo rwemajini ( DNA ) yezvisikwa zvayo. Mukushambadzira, izwi iri rinoshandiswawo kurondedzera imwe mhuri kana rudzi rwekenza masero.
Masayendisiti anogonawo kugadzirisa maitiro evanhu.
Iro Cloning Process
Maseji ane DNA. Muchirevo chakareruka, kuti uite girasi, DNA inobviswa kubva kune rimwe remasero ayo. Iyi DNA inowanikwa muii masero emukadzi wechikadzi. Ivha inobereka iyo inobva yaiswa mumuviri wemhuka yevakadzi kuitira kukura uye kukura. Iyi inzira yakaoma kwazvo yesayenzi, uye zvakaoma kubudirira nayo. Mhuka dzakawanda dzinopera dzisina kufa dzisati dzarwa. Kunyangwe mushure mekuberekwa, mhuka dzakagadzikana dzinogona kutarisana nezvimwe zvirwere zvoutano kupfuura zvevhareji pamwe nekurarama kwenguva shoma.
Mhuka yekutanga yakagadzirirwa yaiva makwai, ainzi Dolly, akaberekwa muna 1996. Kubvira panguva iyoyo pakange pane dzimwe mhuka dzakawanda dzinosanganisira makonzo, mbudzi, mbudzi, nguruve, mhou, uye monke. Hapana ma clones evanhu, kunyange teknolojia yekuita izvi inogona kunge iripo. Kugadzirisa vanhu kunokakavara zvikuru.
Kushandisa Cloning Kurapa Matwere
A gene chikamu chakasiyana cheDNA. Masayendisiti anokwanisa kuvhara maitiro evanhu kuburikidza nokuvatora kubva kune imwe nyama kuenda kune imwe uye kuvaita kuti vadzokere zvakare.
Izvi zvinonzi DNA kukonzera kana kugadzirisa DNA teknolojia.
Kuita rutivi rwemucheche wemunhu ndiyo inokonzera kukakavara. Anonzi kurapa kukonzera, chinangwa chayo ndechokusika mazai evanhu kutsvakurudza. Vanhu vazhinji vanopesana nemhando iyi yekugunun'una nokuti mazai evanhu anoparadzwa munguva yekutsvakurudza.
Imwe yenzvimbo dzakanyanya kuvimbiswa yekutsvakurudza ndeye stem cell therapeutics. Muna 2013, masayendisiti kuOregon Health & Science University ndivo avo vakatanga kugadzirisa mazai kuti vagadzire masero . Masero emakumbo anoonekwa seanokosha mukurapa nokuti ane simba rekuve chero chero sero resekeri.
Somuenzaniso, kana iwe wakagadzira chirwere chetsvo uye unoda tsvudzi itsva. Nhengo yemhuri inogona kunge yakave yakakwana yepamusana wekuti inogona kupa mutsvo kana iwe unogona kuwana mukana uye unowana mupi wehupi kune imwe nzvimbo. Zvisinei, kune mukana wekuti muviri wako unogona kuramba nhengo. Kupesana nekuramba kurapwa mishonga kunogona kuderedza mukana iwoyo, asiwo kuchaderedza zvirwere zvemuviri wako.
Masero emakumbo ane mano ekugadzirisa dambudziko rekuramba urongwa . Nemhaka yokuti masero emadzimai anogona kutendeukira kune chero marudzi ose esero, anogona kushandiswa kugadzira nhengo kana mhando dzaunoda, uchishandisa masero ako. Sezvo masero ari ako, muviri wako hauzove wakavakuvadza sevanenge vari masero ekunze. Kunyange zvazvo masero emukati ane zvakawanda zvingaita, kuoma pakuwana masero anoramba aripo. Inoshandiswa masero ndiyo inowedzera muvana. Aya masero anokwanisawo kukohwa kubva mumakumbo embilical pamwe nemamwe matukisi mumutumbi mukuru.
Dambudziko Rinoitwa
Masero evanhu vakuru vane zvakaoma kukohwa uye anogona kunge asina zvishoma pane embryonic stem cells.
Dambudziko rinobva rava nzira yekugadzira embryonic stem masero kuvanhu vakuru. Iyi ndiyo inotsvakurudzwa nevatsvakurudzi veOregon University of Health & Science. Basa ravo rakashandiswa zvakapa mazamu evanhu, vakabvisa DNA yeii, ndokubva vatsiva iro neDNA inotorwa kubva kumasero eganda revanhu vakuru.
Iyo laboratori yakashandisa kusanganiswa kwemakemikari uye magetsi emagetsi kuitira kuti embryo ikure uye ikudzirire masero esimba. Aya masero emadzi inogona kushandiswa ipapo, muchirevo, kugadzira nhengo uye matukisi kune munhu akapa ganda redu reDNA. Kunyange zvazvo kutsvakurudza uku kuchivimbisa kwazvo, kuisa mazai emasero emadzimai anoramba ari kukakavara.
Kunobva:
NPR. Masayendisiti Anokonzera Mazamu Evanhu Kuti Aite Masero eStem (2013).
National Institutes of Health. Cell Cell Stem Information