Kwenguva yakareba ndiyo mazuva apo mapurogiramu e-mobile ainyanya kuitirwa varaidzo, uye iyo smartphone inokurumidza kuva yakawanda nehutano uye kuzvitonga. Maererano neImS Institute for Healthcare Informatics, nhamba yezvirwere zvehutano ikozvino inodarika 165,000. Zvisinei, ruzivo rwakapoteredza kushandiswa kwezvigadzirwa uye kushandiswa kweutano huri kuwedzerawo mibvunzo pamusoro pekubatsira kwavo, kuvimbika, nekuchengeteka.
Kunyange zvazvo teknolojia yehutano inoshandiswa navanachiremba inowanzotaridzirwa zvakajeka mukutsvakurudza kwevezera rako, zvigadzirwa zvinotengeswa zvakananga nevatengi zvinowanzosangana nenzira yakanyanyisa yekugadzirisa. Nokudaro, misika yehutano yehutano iri kuzara nemasisitori asina zvesayenzi uye zvipikirwa zvisingazivikanwi. Vatengi vanowanzoita zvisarudzo zvavo maererano nehuwandu hwemapurogiramu uye kwete kunyanya kururamisa kana kushanda. Sezvo vashandisi, zvisinei, tinoda kuwedzera kuchenjerera kuvhara njodzi dzingangodaro uye kudzidza kudzidzira kushandisa zvishandiso zvitsva uye mapurogiramu ezvehutano zvejeri nenzira inozobatsire hutano hwedu nekugara zvakanaka.
Kunyange zvazvo Kudya uye Drug Administration (FDA) yave iri kutarisa zviyero zvefoni smartphone zvinotarisana nemichina yekurapa kubvira muna 2011, munda wakaratidza kuti wakaoma kutonga. Zvirwere zvemishonga zvisingaratidziki kuti zviyero zvechiremba uye hazviiti dambudziko guru kana kusashanda sezvakagadzirirwa hazvidi kudiwa kuti zvionekwe neDFA.
Kuve iwe mumutsigiri wehutano wega, saka, kazhinji, iwe unowanzova bhiza rako rakanakisisa-kunyanya kana rinouya kune teknolojia yehutano.
Zvirwere zvine chokuita neutano Hune Uhupupu
Vatsvakurudzi vakasiyana-siyana uye nyanzvi dzehutano vakanyevera kuti mamwe majeri ezvehutano ejeri uye mapurogiramu haana ruzivo rwakanakira kutsigira. Uyewo, kududzirwa kwemashoko uye kusabatanidzwa kushoma muhutano hwehutano huripo huri kuenderera mberi.
Kazhinji, deta inowananidzwa haisati yatiudza upenyu hwemushandi nenzira inobatsira. Nguva zhinji, imwe-yakafanana-yose nzira inoshandiswa, saka maitiro ega ega dzimwe nguva anogona kuregererwa. Semuenzaniso, zvakarondedzerwa kuti kunyange zvazvo chinangwa cheFitbit chekutora matanho 10 000 pazuva chingangove noutano kuvanhu vakawanda, hazvisizvo zvakakodzera kune munhu wose. Vanhu vane mamiriro ezvinhu asingagumi, vakwegura uye vasina simba vangave vasina kubatsirwa nekuzvidzivirira pachavo pasina kufunga nezvekuita basa ravo kushivirira uye maitiro ehutano.
Vamwe vashanduri vari kuitawo zvisingabvumirwi zvinotaurwa pamusoro pezvinhu zvavanogona kuita. Muna 2011, Federal Trade Commission yakapedzisa makambani maviri akatengesa mapurogiramu awo aigona kuporesa masheya kuburikidza nokushanda kwemavara akabudiswa kubva kune smartphone. Zvose mapurogiramu acho akabviswa pamusika. Mhosva idzi dzakaiswa pakucherechedza kuputika kwehutano huripo hunopa "kurapwa" kwemaitiro akajairika uye kunotarisa mutengo wevatengi vangave vari pangozi yezvokutaura zvenhema.
Nekuwedzera kwezvinhu zvisingakwanisi zvehutano tech uye mapurogiramu akasiyana ezvimwe nyaya dzakasiyana, mamwe mapoka akatanga kuvimba navo. Asi, tsvakurudzo inoratidza kuti teknolojia-yakagadziridzwa nzira dzekurapa dzisingatauri nguva dzose dzinoita zvinodiwa.
Kuongorora kwakaitwa naDkt. John Jakicic nevamwe vake kubva kuYunivhesiti yePittsburgh vakaratidza kuti apo vanhu vaiedza kushaya uremu vanoshandisa chigadzirwa chakapfeka, vakashaya uremu husingaenzaniswi neavo vakangogamuchira mutemo wekuita maitiro. Izvi zvinogona kureva kuti tech yehutano inogona kunge isinganyanyi kubatsirana nekushanduka kwemazuva kwenguva refu kune izvo zvataitarisira. Vamwe vanopikisa, zvisinei, kuti kune nzvimbo ye teknolojia yehutano. Kakawanda chiitiko chakanakisisa-apo ndechekuti hutano hwehudhijiti hunobatanidzwa nehumwe humwe uchapupu hunotungamirirwa uye / kana nehutungamiri hwehutano hwehutano.
Utano Hwokushandisa Ihwo Hungakanganisa Utano
Kunyange zvazvo zvimwe zvisiri izvo kana zvirevo zvenhema zvakagadzirwa nevehutachiona vehutano huri nani, zvimwe zvinogona kukonzera kukanganisa kwakakomba.
Zvimwe zvidzidzo zvakaratidza dambudziko rekushanda kunopa mazano ekurapa uye inowanikwa pachena kune vasiri vhigirii. Semuenzaniso, chidzidzo kubva kuYunivhesiti yePittsburgh Medical Centre chakarongedza maitiro mana akashandisa chifananidzo chechi digital kuti asarudze kana chironda cheganda chaigona kuva nekenza. Dare rekutsvakurudza rakaisa 188 mifananidzo yezvipembenene, makumi matanhatu nemakumi matanhatu aiva melanoma, uye 128 dzaive dzakanaka. Zvigumisiro zvakaratidza kuti mapurogiramu acho aiva nehutano hwakasiyana hwekunzwisisa uye akasiyana mukuongororwa kwavo kwengozi. Iyo yakanyatsojeka yega yega yakatumira mifananidzo kubhodhi-yakagadziriswa dermatologist, saka, inosanganisira chiremba mukugadzirisa kwekuongorora. Zvimwe zvitatu zvinoshanda, izvo zvakatsigirwa pane zvigadziriswa zvekuongorora, zvisina kutariswa zvisingatauri 30 muzana yezvipembenene zvaiva maranoma. Kunyangwe yakanyatsonaka pane zvitatu zvakasara makumi masere gumi nemana makumi matatu (18) akabatwa nemaranoma anonyangadza uye akazviongorora sebenign. Kubva pakuonekwa kwokutanga kwakakosha pakurapwa kwechirwere, kuongorora kwechokwadi kunogona kureva musiyano pakati pehupenyu nerufu-saizvozvo, izvi zvinoguma zviri kunetseka. Vanyori vanotaura kuti kunyange zvazvo mapurogiramu ezvekucherechedza maranoma aishambadzirwa sezvidzidzo zvekudzidzisa, dzakasunungurwa kuvanhu pasina hurongwa hwekuongorora. Zviziviso zvakaratidza kuti vaikwanisa kuedza kuongororwa nengozi pachiremera ndokuudza kana chaiva chakaipa kana kwete. Kana varwere vakatsiva kuongororwa kwechiremba nedermatologist yezviverengero izvi, vanogona kuzviwana pangozi yakakura yekukuvara.
Chimwe chidzidzo, chinotungamirirwa naDkt Kit Huckvale kubva kuImperial College London, kuongororwa mapurogiramu anoverengera insulin doses kune varwere vane chirwere cheshuga. Kunze kwe 46 insulin calculators, chete chete yakanga isingabhadhari-maererano nemitemo yakagadzirirwa neboka rekutsvakurudza. Zvimwe zvikanganiso zvakanga zvisinganzwisisi nyore nyore uye zvakangoerekana zvava pachena mushure mekuongororwa zvakajeka. Muchikamu chavo chakabudiswa mu BMC Medicine , Huckvale uye vashandi vakagumisa kuti ikozvino insulin dose calculator apps inogona kukonzera murwere kuti awedzere kudarika kana kuti agamuchire chirongwa chinoshandiswa. Izvi zvinogona kutungamirira kune zviitiko zvinotyisa.
Kurwisana Nezvinhu Zvinoshanda uye Hazviiti
Sezvo hutano huzhinji hwemahutano uye madivashoni e-tech aripo anopa zvikomborero zvakawanda, zvinokosha kuti vashandisi vakwanise kuzviongorora zvakadzama. Angela Hardi weWashington University School of Medicine muSt. Louis anozivisa mamwe emibvunzo yatinofanira kubvunza tisati tasarudza kushandisa chikwata cheutano kana kuti app:
- Ndiani akasika purogiramu? Iwe unofanirwa kubhadhara kune zvigadzirwa zvevadzidzisi uye zvibatanidzwa. Iwe unotarisira kuti chidimbu chetachiona chetachidimbu chechokwadi chinogona kunge chichibatanidza basa kubva kuvakadzi uye vadzidzisi vehutano.
- Ndizvo zvinyorwa zvakashandiswa kuumba purogiramu inotsanangurwa here? Panofanira kuva nekunzwisiswa kweizivo iyo inoshandiswa purogiramu yacho.
- Izvo shanduro inoita sokuti ichitsvaga cheimwe chigadzirwa here? Kana kuti, pane zvivako zvinowanika here? Ita yega yega inofanira kunzwa semugove weruzivo, kwete chivako chekuvaraidza / chiziviso.
Zvimwe zvinhu zvaungada kufungisisa kana ukaongorora chirongwa chinosanganisira:
- Inouya nekliniki yekudzivisa here? Kana zvakadaro, verenga zvakanyatsonaka.
- Kune mapurogiramu anobata se calculators, ndeye mazita ayo anoshandiswa pakuverenga zvakaratidzwa zvakajeka?
- Pane humwe uchapupu hunotsigira zvirevo zvinogadzirwa nevakagadziri here? Semuenzaniso, pane pane zvidzidzo zvekliniki nezvechigadzirwa here?
- Ndiko rubatsiro rwevatengi rinowanika uye / kana kuti zviri nyore here kuonana nemuiti?
- Apo purogiramu yacho yakagadziriswa rini?
- Icho chinouya nechinangwa chevamwe here? Iwe unofanirwa kutarisa kuti chii chiri kuunganidzwa uye chii chinogoverwa. Uyewo, ndiani ane data?
- Zvinogona here kutora kana kutumira deta yako?
- Izvo sangano rinoratidza here kuti rinotarisa chirwere chisingaperi chine utano uye / kana kupa mhinduro kumibvunzo yekliniki? Kana zvakadaro, taurira unyanzvi hwako hwehutano usati washandisa uye usati waenda kuchipatara mazano echiremba wako.
Pane zviwanikwa zviripo zviripo zvinogona kukubatsira kuti uongorore mazano ekurapa mazano. Somuenzaniso, American Psychiatric Association (APA) inopa hurongwa hwehutano hwehutano hwehutano hwepfungwa. Vakagadzira muenzaniso wokuongorora unogona kubatsira vashandisi kuita chisarudzo chavanoziva. Uyu muenzaniso unotarisa zvinotevera: ruzivo rwemashure, ruzivo rwehutano nekuchengeteka, uchapupu, kusununguka kwekushandisa, nekubatanidza.
Paunenge uchitarisa purogiramu, unofanira kunge uchifungawo zvaunoshanda uye unoshanda. Ndicho chimwe chinhu chaunogona kushandisa pane nguva yakareba yenguva?
Zvose mune zvose, pane zvinhu zvakawanda zvaungada kufungisisa, saka zvakakosha kutora nguva uye kunyatsotarisa pane zvakasiyana-siyana zvechinhu chipi nechipi chehutano hwesehutano, pamwe nekuverenga maitiro. Zvisinei, mukurumbira hausi nguva dzose chiratidzo chakanaka chirongwa chacho chinonyanya kunaka. Semuenzaniso, Dr. Iltifat Husain, anoshanda semubatsiri wepurogiramu yemishonga yekukurumidzira paWake Forest University School of Medicine, akataura kuti purogiramu yekuyera ropa rinokonzerwa nekanguva yakarongeka pakati pe "top 10 pay apps" paApp App Store yeHealth and Fitness yakanga isiri kuita zvakanaka uye yakanga isina uchapupu hunotsigira maitiro ayo. Husain akarayira kuti abvise iyo kubva muchitoro chendaneti. Kubva panguva iyo, kambani yakaita kuti zvive pachena kuti chigadziro chinongopa chete kuongororwa kweropa rega uye hachifaniri kushandiswa kurapa mazano kana kurapwa.
Inowanikwawo Munzira Yaunoshandisa nayo
Utachiona hwehutano uye hutano hwemazuva ano zvinogona kuva chigadziro chakanakisisa chekutarisa-kutarisa uye nzira yakanaka yekutsigira mararamiro akanaka. Zvakakosha, zvisinei, kudzidza kuti ungashandisa sei zvakanaka uye nehana. Haisi hutano hwemagetsi pane imwechete iyo nyanzvi dzakawanda dzinotinyevera pamusoro pedu, asi kufungisisa kwedu nayo.
Izvo zvinoshandiswa kunyanya kushandiswa zvinogona kunyanya kuipa pazvinouya kuvana. Boka rezvepfungwa dzepfungwa kubva kuYunivhesiti yeSouth California rakaita chidzidzo nevatanhatu vevatengesi avo vakatumirwa kumusasa wemazuva mashanu kunze kunze kwekusvikirwa kwezvikwangwani. Mune nguva shomanana, kukwanisa kwavo kunzwisisa manzwiro ezvinyorwa zvemashoko zvakakonzerwa zvakanyanya kufananidzwa neboka rinodzora raive nekwaniso yezvinyorwa zvejedi. Izvi zvakawanikwa zvakaratidza kukosha kwekutarisana-chiso-ne-chiso nokuda kwekugadzirisa hukama hwevanhu. Kunyange zvazvo teknolojia inopa mikana yakawanda yekukurukurirana uye kubudirira, inogonawo kukanganisa zvimwe zvatinokwanisa, zvakadai sekuverenga manzwiro evanhu-unyanzvi husingagoni kudzidzwa nokuona pahwindo. Chimwe chidzidzo kubva kuYunivhesiti yeCalifornia, Los Angeles, iyo yakatarisa kuti vanhu vakazvisunga sei zvakare vakataura kuti mu-manzwiro ekukurukurirana akanga akakwirira kudarika mavara, manzwiro, uye mavhidhiyo mavhidhiyo. Izvi zvakakosha kufungisisa kubva pakushamwaridzana kwevanhu vanodikanwa ndezvokudiwa kwevanhu zvakapararira, uye uchapupu hunotsigira kuti mune dzakawanda zvibatanidzwa izvi zvinotungamirira kuhutano huri nani hwehutano.
Zvichida chimwe chezvinhu zvokutanga kuchengetedza mupfungwa pakucherechedza chero yehutano yehutano ndeyekuti tinoda kuita teknolojia yekushanda kwatiri pakutanga uye kwete nenzira yakafanana. Ita zvakakwana kushingaira, uye iwe ungangodaro uri mubairo pazvinouya pakutsvaga kodzero yehutano yehutano yehutano.
> Sources:
> Akilov O, Patton T, Moreau J, et al. Kuongorora inaccuracy ye smartphone kushandiswa kwemaranoma kuona. JAMA Dermatology , 2013; 149 (4): 422-426
> Huckvale K, Adomaviciute S, Car J, Prieto J, Leow M, Car J. Mafoni mapepa ekuverenga insulin dose: Kuongorora kwakarongeka. BMC Medicine , 2015; 13 (1)
> Jakicic J, Davis K, Wahed A, et al. Migumisiro yehutayiti inopfekedzwa pamwe nehupenyu hwehupenyu hwehupenyu hwekureba kwekurema kwekurema: IDEA randomised clinical trial. JAMA , 2016; 316 (11): 1161-1171
> Sherman L, Greenfield P, Michikyan M. Zvinokonzerwa nemashoko, mavhidhiyo, mavhidhiyo, uye mukati-munhu kutaura pamusoro pekubatana pakati pevamwe shamwari . Cyberpsychology , 2013; 7 (2): chitsauko 3.
> Uhls Y, Michikyan M, Greenfield P, et al. Mazuva mashanu kumisasa yekunze kwekunze kunze kwezvikwangwani zvinovandudza unyanzvi hwegumi nemanzwiro asina maonero. Makombiyuta Mumunhu Maitiro , 2014; 39: 387-392.