Chirongwa cheColorectal Cancer
Colorectal kanzira ishoko rinoreva kenza inowanikwa mukoni uye / kana rectum . Kanzera mumakoroni inoumba apo masero anokonzera muton mutate uye anotanga kukura zvisina kufanira. Mhando dzakawanda dzekenza yekoloni inotanga apo mabhururi mumatumbo emadziro anonzi polyps anotanga kukura.
Polyps inogona kuva nekenza uye inopararira kuburikidza nekoni uye kuva nhengo nezvivako zviri pedyo. Zvisinei, kana chidimbu chinowanikwa uye chibviswa-icho chinonyatsoitwa panguva yekolonoscopy -haina kana mukana wekuchinja kenza.
> Cherechedza kuti mapepa anotaridzika sei mumakoloni.
Kanzera yeColon ndiyo kenza yematatu yakawanda kwazvo muUnited States, ndicho chikonzero US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) inokurudzira kuongorora vanhu vose vanopfuura makore makumi mashanu uye chero ani zvake anofunga kuti ari pangozi yekugadzira chirwere chacho.
Kune vanhu vari pamwero unowanzova nehutachiona, kenza yekoloni inotora nguva yakareba kukura. Kune avo vari pangozi yakakura, yakadai sevaya vane chirwere chekuvhiringidza chirwere (IBD) , kuongorora kunogona kudikanwa kuva pane nguva yakawanda uye inofanira kukurukurirana ne gastroenterologist.
Colorectal kan cancer inogona kutanga kupi neipi mukoloni. Chimiro chinowanzozivikanwa chinonzi adenocarcinoma uye chinosanganisira masero anowedzera mumatumbo uye anosunungura mvura.
Terminology
Izwi rokuti "colorectal cancer" uye "kenza yemukironi" inogona kuvhiringidza nokuti inowanzoshandiswa zvakasiyana. Izvi zvinoitika muhofisi yechiremba, mune zvinyorwa zvakanyorerwa varwere, uye mumabhuku ekutsvakurudza akanyorerwa vanachiremba. Izwi rokuti " kenza yemarara " inonyatsojeka-inowanzoshandiswa kureva kenza mu rectum, iyo ndiyo chikamu chekupedzisira chemukati mudumbu uye yakabatana kune anus.
Kenza yeColon uye kenza yemakumbo kakawanda inowanzobatanidzwa pamwe nechinangwa chekutsvakurudza kana kuedza mishonga kubva kumarudzi maviri aya ane maitiro akawanda akafanana uye rectum chikamu chekoroni.
Zvisinei, patinenge tichitaura nezvekuongororwa kwekenza yekoloni kana kenza yemukomana nechiremba, zvinokosha kuva nekunzwisisa kwekupi kenza iripo uye kuti chikwata chekenza chii. Izvo zvinhu zvichaita kuti sarudzo dzisarudze.
Anatomy yeColon
Iyo rectum chikamu chekoloni, uye nhengo mbiri pamwe chete dzinonzi hutumbu hukuru. Ikoko inenge yakapoteredza kumativi kwemuviri uye inenge mamita mashanu pakureba. Mukoko wacho wakaparadzaniswa muzvikamu zvakati:
- Inokwira koroni
- Transverse colon
- Kunyorera koloni
- Sigmoid colon
Iro rectum inosvika masendimita matanhatu kusvika ku12 yakareba uye iri pakati pe sigimoid colon uye anus . Chifukidzo chinochengetwa mu rectum kusvikira chagadzirira kubudiswa kubva mumuviri kuburikidza nechikwata chemuviri .
Uyezve, iyo ikoni inogona kutaurirwa pamusoro seyo ine zvikamu zviviri: iyo inotarisa uye iyo yakasiyana. Izvo zvinotanga chikamu chekutanga chinosungirirwa kumucheto muduku (kuburikidza nevhavha) uye distal chikamu chechipiri chinowanikwa kune rectum.
Utachiona hunofamba kubva kubva kumakoroni akareba kusvika kumhara inonzi colal to the rectum uye inobva mumuviri kuburikidza ne anus.
Vanhu vane IBD vane mamiriro emukoloni vanowanzoita kuti vave nekenza yekoloni. Kuva nekushanda IBD mukoloni kwenguva yakareba kunogona kuwedzera dambudziko iri. Ruzhinji rwevanhu vane IBD, zvisinei, havazombovi nekenza yekoloni.
Risk Factors
Kune huwandu hunopisa hunokonzerwa nekodha yekenza. Zvimwe hazvikwanisi kuchinjwa apo vamwe vanogona kutaridzana nemararamiro ehupenyu . Izvozvo zvinokonzera ngozi zvinosanganisira:
- Anopfuura makumi mashanu
- Colon polyps
- Kunwa doro kudarika
- Nhengo dzemhuri dzine kenza yekoloni
- Kuva neBD (Crohn's disease uye ulcerative colitis)
- Yakakwirira-mafuta, zvishoma-fiber kudya
- Nhoroondo yega yeimwe kenza
- Kusvuta kana kusvuta fodya
Vanhu vane IBD vanofanira kukurukura nezvekenza yavo yekenza ne gastroenterologist uye vashandise nguva yakanaka yekuongorora .
Kuongorora
Vanhu vane IBD vachawanzoedza nguva dzose, zvakadai sekolonoscopy, iyo inowirirana sekuongorora kenza yemukoroni. Izvi zvinodikanwa nekuda kwekuwedzera kwengozi.
Zvisinei, kune dzimwe sarudzo dzekuongorora dzinogona kushandiswa zvakare, kunyanya kuongorora nguva dzose kuvanhu vasina IBD. Zvimwe zvezviedzo izvi zvinosanganisira:
Kanononi yeColon vs. Rectal Cancer
Colorectal kan cancer inogona kureva kana kenza mukoloni kana kenza mune rectum. Kune, zvisinei, pane zvimwe zvakasiyana pakati pavo-kunyanya zvine chokuita nekurapa uye kufungidzira-kusanganisira:
- Chemotherapy. Muzvikamu zvekutanga zvekenza yekoloni (zvikamu 1 uye 2 zvakanyatsoshandiswa), mazairo uye chemotherapy haagoni kupiwa. Nekenza yemakemikari, chemotherapy inogona kushandiswa kunyange kune danho rekutanga.
- Epidemiology. Izvi zvinoreva kuti zvirwere zvinowanzoitika sei kune vamwe vanhu, kufanana nevarume nevakadzi. Vose vakomana vanoita kuti kenza yekoloni iite zvakafanana , asi varume vanowanzova nekenza yenguva refu kakawanda kupfuura vakadzi.
- Distant Metastasis. Kana kenza inopararira kunze kwechirongwa umo yakatanga, inonzi mastrasetic cancer . Kanzera inokonzera ine ngozi yakawanda yekupararira kune imwe nhengo kure kana lymph node.
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Dzidza Pamusoro Pechiratidzo Chengetani Cell Adenocarcinoma yeColon neRectum
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Marudzi eColon Polyps uye Zvaunofanira Kuziva Nezvako
- Local Advancement. Kanzera inokonzerawo ine ngozi yakawanda yekufambira mberi kwepamba, zvinoreva kuti inogona kupararira kune anus, chiropa, pelvis, mapfupa emapfupa, kana nhengo dzinobereka.
- Radiation. Mishonga inoshandiswa nguva shomanana kwekenza yekoloni uye kanowanzowaniswa nekenza yekwereti. Muchikamu chekenza chechipiri 2 kana 3, miviri inogona kushandiswa zvose zvisati zvaitika uye pashure pokuvhiyiwa.
- Surgery. Kuvhiyiwa kwakajairika kunowanikwa mukenza yekoloni ndeyekugadzirisa. Iyi ndiyo nzira iyo iyo chikamu chakakanganiswa chekoloni uye chero mishonga inouraya inobviswa uye migumo ine utano yematumbo inonamatirwa pamwe chete. Muchirwere chemawere, chirwere chinowanzova chakaoma zvikuru sezvo iri nzvimbo yakaoma yekuwana mumuviri uye kubvisa kenza masero pasina kuchinja dzimwe nhengo.
- Ostomy. Kusiyana nekutenda kwakakurumbira, vanhu vakawanda vane kenza yekoloni havadi kuva ne-colostomy nokusingaperi. Mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwe-colectomy , zvakakosha kuvhara chibvumirano chekunze pamadziro kutora tsvina. Vamwe vanhu vane kenza yekoloni vangave nekanguva yekolstomy, iyo inopedzisira ishandurwa, uye iyo yekunze yega yega haina kudiwa. Izvo zvinowanzozivikanwa, zvisinei, kuti uwane chirwere chepuropa muchechi yekenza rectal. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika kana anus inofanira kubviswa. Pasina iyo, chigaro hachikwanisi kubatwa mumuviri (continence).
Shoko Rinobva
Colorectal chirwere isiri chirwere chakaoma kufungisisa. Uye kuongororwa kwekoloni kana kenza yemukati kuchada kurapwa kwakanyanya uye mararamiro ehupenyu. Zvisinei, mitezo yekenza yakawanda inoderera sevanhu vakawanda vari pangozi iyo iri kuongororwa.
Colorectal cancer inogona kudziviswa kana kuonekwa kare nekuongorora, kunyanya nekolonoscopy. Nekunatsiridza uku mukuongorora uye kurapa kunoonekwa, kurapwa kwemitengo yekenza yakawandisa iri kuwedzera sezvo iri yemakore maviri uye makore mashanu ekupona kwehuwandu. Pamusoro pekushandiswa ndiko kushandiswa kwema molecular-based stool test, iyo inobata chivimbiso chekuita kuongorora nekukurumidza uye kusaderera. Ramangwana rakajeka pakudzivirira kwekenza yakawandisa, kuonekwa kwokutanga, nekugadziriswa kwemigumisiro yehutano.
> Sources:
> America Cancer Society. "Chii chinonzi Colorectal Cancer?" Cancer.org 20 Jan 2016.
> Bartlett DL, Chu E. "Inogona Kurapa Kenza Here?" ONCOLOGY . 15 Mar 2012.
> Ho ML, Liu J, Narra V. "Magnetic Resonance Imaging yeRectal Cancer." Clin Colon Rectal Surg . 2008 Aug; 3: 178-187.
> National Cancer Institute. "Colon Cancer Treatment (PDQ) -Health Professional Version." Cancer.gov 29 Jan 2016.
> National Cancer Institute. "Rectal Cancer Treatment (PDQ) -Health Professional Version." Cancer.gov 29 Jan 2016.