Chinokonzera Rectal Cancer, uye Iyo Inowanikwa Sei uye Inotorwa
Chii chinonzi kenza rectal? Icho chinhu chakafanana nekenza yemukomana kana kenza yekoloni here? Chii chinokonzera kenza yemakwenzi? Ndezvipi zviratidzo uye kuti zvinorapwa sei?
Iyi mibvunzo inowanzoenderana nekenza yenguva. Dzidza mhinduro dzemibvunzo iyi nevamwe, pasi apa.
Tsanangudzo
Chirwere chinokonzerwa nekenza rudzi rwekenza inowedzera mu rectum, iyo yekupedzisira masendimita matanhatu emutsipa mukuru.
Kufanana nedzimwe nhengo mumuviri, rectum inowanzoshungurudzwa kune zvirwere zvakawanda nemamiriro ezvinhu, akadai sekenza. Kanzera inokonzera yakasiyana nekenza yemunhu, iyo inoreva kanzura dziri munharaunda pakati peiyo rectum uye kunze kwomuviri. Mazwi echirwere chekoloni uye kenza yakajeka inowanzoshandiswa zvakasiyana-siyana, zvakawanda zvemashoko auchaona pamusoro pekenza yekoloni inotaura nezvekenza yenguva dzose, zvakare. Asi kenza yemakemikari yakasiyana nekenza inowanikwa yakakwirira mumakolon, kunyanya kana inosvika mukurapa chirwere nekuvhiya.
Sezvo kenza yemukomana uye kenza zvinokwidziridzwa mumakoloni zvinowanzoputirwa pamwe chete, zvakaoma kuziva zvakajeka kuitika kwekenza rectal, kunyanya. Asi kenza yekoloni ndiyo yechitatu inokonzera kukonzera kenza mumarume uye chechitatu chinokonzera kukonzera kufa kwekenza kuvakadzi muUnited States. Uyu mufananidzo unoratidza nzvimbo ye rectum mukati memukati makuru.
Zvinokonzera uye Zviitiko Zvengozi
Masayendisiti haazive chaicho chinokonzera kenza rectal, asi vanoziva chii chinowedzera dambudziko remunhu rokurikurira. Zvinokonzera njodzi dzekenza yemarara zvinosanganisira:
- Kuva mukuru kune makumi mashanu.
- Mhuri kana nhoroondo yemunhu wekenza yekoloni. Asi ramba uchifunga mupfungwa: Munhu haadi ruzivo rwemhuri rwekenza yekoloni kuti ave nekenza yemakwenzi; iyo inonyanya kuongororwa mune avo vasina mhuri yekare. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti 25% yekenza yekolone ine genetic link .
- Nhoroondo yehumwe yemamwe marudzi emakoloni emapuropiti (kukura kuduku mukoni).
- Kusvuta-zvimwe ikozvino kana munguva yakapfuura.
Zviratidzo
Muchikamu chayo chekutanga, kenza yenguva yakawanda kazhinji haina zviratidzo. Sezvo chirwere chacho chichifambira mberi, chinogona kutora makore, zviratidzo zvekenza rectal dzinosanganisira:
- Ropa muzvigaro : Izvi zvinowanzopenya zvakatsvuka, zvichienzaniswa neropa riri muchitsimba izvo zvine chokuita nekenza zvinowedzera mumakolone (ropa nekuda kweiyo marudzi ekenza anogona kuoneka ari mutsvuku kana kuti mutsvuku).
- Dambudziko rekucheka : Kuwedzera kuvhiringidzika, chirwere, kana zvimwe zvirwere zvemuviri.
- Zvipfeko zveTinner: Zvigadziri zvinorondedzerwa se "pencil" kana kuti zvishoma zvinogona kuitika apo bundu riri mu rectum rinodzima chikamu chemukanyo.
- Kusanzwisisika kuora kurasikirwa: Unintentional kurasikirwa nekurema kunorondedzerwa sekurasikirwa kwe-5% yehutatu hwemuviri pamusoro pemwedzi mitanhatu kusvika pamwedzi gumi nemaviri, inogona kuva chiratidzo chekenza yenguva.
- Kuvhiringidzika kwemuviri: Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kurwadziwa, unyoro, kana kupwanya.
- Dambudziko reGeneral: Unonzwa wakaneta kudarika nguva dzose, kunyange iwe uri kurara zvakanaka.
- Anemia: Kana kenza rectal inokonzera kusingaperi, kubuda ropa, chiratidzo chekutanga chinogona kuva nenyemu kana zviratidzo zvine chokuita nehutachiona hwakadai sekuderera, kuora, kana kuti ganda.
Kuongorora
Nzira dzinoverengeka dzekenza yemakirini yekuongorora inobudirira chaizvo pakucherechedza kenza yemagetsi, zvakare.
Colon uye rectal muchengeti yekuongorora zvinosanganisira:
- Colonoscopy: A colonoscopy inobvumira chiremba kuti awane zvakadzama maonero emakoloni ane colonoscope, fiber-optic tube inobatanidza kamera yakakura iyo inotumira vhidhiyo mhenyu kusvika pakona. Iyo colonoscope inonyatsopindirwa mukati me anus uye zvishoma nezvishoma ichipinda mukoloni, ichipa chiremba maonero akazara emakumbo uye mumatumbo makuru.
- Sigmoidoscopy: Zvakafanana nekolonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy inogadziriswa nehutachiona, yakanyoroveswa tube rine kamera yakanamatira, asi inongogumira kune chikamu chepakati chekoloni.
- Barium Enema: Munguva yeabrium enema, chiremba anoisa liquid barium muchikwereti. X-ray inotorwa nemurwere apo iye akarara munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana. Iyo bharum inobvumira kuti koniyo ionekwe zviri nani pane ma-ray.
- Chiitiko cheFecal Kuedzwa kweropa : Kuongorora kweropa rekuita masimba (FOBT) kunoona ropa muchitsiko chako kuti iwe usati uone neziso rakasvibiswa kana uchasimbisa kuti ichokwadi ropa riri muchitsiko chawave wakaona. Iwe unopiwa kititi chaiyo kuti uwane stool samples.
Kune vanhu vakuru vari pangozi yega yega yekuve nekoloni kana kenza yemukomana, zvinokurudzirwa kutanga kutanga kuongororwa pazera remakore makumi mashanu. Vakuru vane pangozi yakawanda yekuvandudza chirwere ichi vanofanira kutanga kutanga kuongorora panguva yepakutanga pamushumo we chiremba. Yeuka: Kunyange kana iwe usati uine zviratidzo chero zvipi zvayo zvekenza yemakwenzi, iwe unofanirwa kutevera mazano ako ekuongorora mazano.
Kuziva
Kana kuongorora kwekuongorora kunoratidzira migumisiro inoshungurudza, ipapo chikwata chekoloni chaitwa. Chizimbu chekoloni chinogona kuitwa panguva yekolonoscopy kana chirwere. Munguva yekoloni yenyuchi, zviduku zviduku zvakabviswa zvinobva zvatumirwa kubhidhiyo yezvirwere kuvhara kuti chive uchapupu hwekenza. Kana kenza iripo, ipapo danho rekenza rectal rinotsanangurwa panguva yekuvhiyiwa kunoitwa kubvisa kenza. Kwose kwakakomba lymph nodes kunoedzwa uye kunogona kubviswawo panguva yekuvhiyiwa.
Kuwedzerwa kuedzwa kunogona kuitwa kuti uone kana kenza yakagadziriswa kana kupararira.
Kurapa
Mushonga wekenza yemakwenzi uchabva pane imwe nzvimbo yechirwere, pamwe nezvimwe zvinhu zvakadai senzvimbo chaiyo yemarara (s) uye hutano hwako hwose.
Kuvhiya : Muzvikamu zvekutanga zvekenza rectal, kuvhiwa kungave ndiko chete kurapwa kunodiwa. Kune nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzokuvhiya dzinoshandiswa kubvisa kenza yemaronda. Chirwere chekuvhiya chinosarudzwa chinoenderana nehutano hwehutano hwemurwere, danho rekenza rectal, uye nzvimbo yemarara (s). Kune avo vasina kukodzera kurapwa, kurapwa kwemaawa kunogona kuve sarudzo, asi kazhinji haisi sekubudirira.
Chemotherapy: Ichiwo chirwere chinowanzoitirwa kenza rectal. Nhengo dzomuviri dzakaumbwa nemasero anoparadzanisa uye anowanda sezvo muviri unoda ivo. Apo masero aya anoramba achiwedzera zvisina kufanira, chigumisiro chikamu kana kukura, iyo inonziwo chiremara. Chemotherapy zvinoshanda kuburikidza nekubvisa izvi zvinokurumidza kuwedzera masero emashure. Chemotherapy nokuda kwekenza rectal inogona kunyorwa mushure mekunge kana mushure mekuvhiyiwa uye inogona kupiwawo pamwe chete neradio inorapwa.
Radiation therapy: Ichi ndicho imwe nzira yekurapa kwekenza rectal. Iro rudzi rwehutano hunoshandisa mamwe marudzi e-high-energy mazai emisipiresi ekuderedza mvere uye kubvisa masero ekenza. Radiation therapy inoshanda nekukuvadza DNA chekenza yesero, zvichiita kuti isakwanise kuwedzera. Muzviitiko zvekenza rectal, therapy inonzi radiation inogona kupiwa vasati vavhiyiwa kuti vabatsire kuderedza matumbu makuru. Inogonawo kupiwa pamwe chete nekemotherapy.
Kudzivirira
Nguva dzose chirwere chekoloni kuongorora kunokosha pakudzivirira kenza rectal. Kuchengeta kunogona kujekesa kukura kusati kwatange kuenderera mberi kuva kenza. Ramba uchifunga kuti zvinotora makore kuti kenza yemukomana iwedzere, saka kuongorora nguva dzose kunogona kuona kuchinja uku kwenguva yakareba vasati vatanga kurwara.
Kudzivisa njodzi dzekenza yekoloni kunogonawo kuderedza mikana yako yekuvandudza chirwere chacho. Kudya kudya kwakanaka kunokosha, pamwe nekuchengetedza hutano hwakanaka uye kurega kusvuta.
> Sources:
> America Cancer Society. Colorectal Cancer. Updated 01/20/16. http://www.cancer.org/cancer/colonandrectrectcancer/detailedguide/colorectal-cancer-risk-factors
> National Cancer Institute. Rectal Cancer Treatment - Kune Vashandi Vezveutano PDQ). Updated 01/29/16. http://www.cancer.gov/types/colorectal/hp/rectal-treatment-pdq