Unogona Kuwana Leukemia Kubva Ionizing kana Kwete-Ionizing Radiation?
Inogona kusvibiswa nemirasiyo inokonzera kukwepa kweukama here? Ndeapi rudzi rwemazuva ano ane ngozi uye ungaziva sei kana wakachengeteka?
Overview
Mishonga inogona uye inokonzera kuberekwa kweukama , asi tisati tambovhunduka, tichataura zvishomanana nezvemhando dzekubuda kwemairasi inogona kuva nengozi. Mamwe mavara emirasiyo anozivikanwa kuti anokonzera kenza, asi vamwe vasiri. Zuva rega rega miviri yedu inoratidzirwa kune mazairo akaita sama x-rays, chirwere chekurapa majekiseni, microwaves, masero efoni, mazaisai eredhiyo, uye kunyange mazuva ezuva, asi kwete munhu wose anokura kweukemia.
Ngatitange nekusiyanisa maitiro akasiyana emasikati.
Mhando dzeRadioation
Kune miviri miviri mikuru yemayaraji:
- Miviri isingazivikanwi: - Iri rudzi rwemazuva ano harina simba, uye ndizvo zvinobudiswa kubva pafoni yako uye kombiyuta yako. Kunyange zvazvo kune zvimwe zvinonetsa nemishonga isingaoni ionizing, somuenzaniso, kuwedzera kwehutachiona hwemakumbo ehupomburu hwakaratidzwa muvanoshandisa serofoni, vane dambudziko reukemukari kunofungidzirwa zvikuru.
- Iroising radiation: Rudzi urwu rwemazuva ano, kune rumwe rutivi, rine simba rakawanda . Chaizvoizvo, ine simba rakakwana rekuputsa mamwe makemikari maitiro, kubvisa magetsi kubva kuatomu, uye kukanganisa DNA mumasero edu anogona kutungamirira kukenza. Masero ose mumitumbi yedu anogona kukuvadzwa nekutsvaga kune rudzi urwu rwemazuva ano.
Sources yeIonizing Radiation
Ionizing radiation inotenderera isu uye inogona kukonzera kenza. Zvinyorwa zvinogona kusanganisira:
- Miviri yezvechiremba: x-ray, CT scan, PET inoongorora, bone scans, mammograms nezvimwewo
- Mishonga yefodya: kunyanya kubva mumagetsi evhu inowedzera
- Kuparara kwemhepo inoshandiswa mumhepo uye mudenga
- Radhoni: Radhoni inotyisa, ine girasi isina girasi inosunungurwa nehutachiona hwe uranium muvhu iri pasi pemisha yedu mudzimba dzedu. Radhoni ndiyo yechipiri inokonzera chirwere chemapapu mushure mekusvuta, asi hazvizivikanwi chaizvo kuti basa rayo riri reiukemia
- Kushandiswa kwepabhadharo kwepabasa semakodhi.
- Njodzi dzenyukireya dzakadai seyeChernobyl nuclear power plant
- Atomic bombs
Kuyera Mazinga Emvura
Masayendisiti anoshandisa mazwi maviri ekutanga paanenge achitaura nezvehuwandu hwehutachiona hwemhepo. Izvi zvinonzi zvinoenderana. Millisievert (mSV) uye milligray (mGy). Kune avo vanoshanda mumabasa ekudzivirirwa kwemazuva, kuvhara kwekutsvaga kune 50 mSv mugore re1, kana 100 mSv pamusoro pemakore mashanu .
Leukemia uye Ionizing Radiation
Leukemia ndeimwe yemhando dzakawanda dzekenza dzinowedzera mushure mekunge dzichiisa mazaisai uye zvinowanzoongororwa mukati memakore maviri kusvika mashanu. Mimwe mhando yemukenza, yakadai seyangueloma , inogona kutora nguva yakareba makore gumi nemashanu kuti ibude.
Mazairo einoisa ioni akawanikwa aine carcinogenic (kana kukonzera kenza) makore mashomanana mushure mokunge X-rays yakawanikwa. Masayendisiti ekutanga akatanga kuchengetedza hutachiona pakati pevashandi vemazimbe uye vakacherechedza kubatana kwakasvibiswa pakati pekubuda kwemazuva uye kenza. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, vanhu vevanhu vakaparidzirwa mazaisai mukati meHomshima neNagasaki bhomba rezvemabhomba, uranium miners, uye vanhu vakambobatwa kurapwa kwemishonga vachishandisa radiotherapy vave vakadzidza kuti vimbise hukama.
Leukemia uye Kurapa Kwemishonga
Tinoziva kuti mazai ezvehutano anogona kukonzera kenza .
Nguva zhinji, kunyange zvakadaro, njodzi yacho duku uye yakagamuchirwa zvachose kana ichienzaniswa nezvinobatsira.
Ruzivo rwedu ruzhinji runobva kune avo vane chirwere chemahara chekenza . Kurapa kwechirwere mumamiriro ezvinhu aya kunogona kuwedzera mungozi yeukwemia pasi pemutsara nechidimbu chiduku, asi inogona kuva nezvakakosha mukurapa kenza ikozvino.
Kunetseka kunomuka pakutaura pamusoro pekuedzwa kunoitwa kuvanhu vakawanda - miedzo iyo mune zvimwe zviitiko inogona kuva neimwe nzira (yakadai sey ultrasound kana MRI) iyo isingagoni kuisa njodzi yekenza yemayera. Kuisa pachena kumayero emishonga kwakawedzera zvikuru muUnited States.
Muna 1982 muvhareji weAmerica ainge awanikwa kune 0.5 mSv pagore. Pakazosvika gore ra2006 rakange risvika ma 3.0 mSv pagore - kuwedzera kwemazana matanhatu pakudonhedzwa kunowanzoitwa zvikuru kune remishonga yemishonga.
Hatisi kunyatsoziva kuti kupisa kwemazuva ano kubva pakuongororwa kweizvi, asi kuongororwa kwakaitwa kuburikidza nekutsanangurwa kwebhomu reatomu. Kubva pakurongwa uku, inofungidzirwa, maererano neDFA, kuti kuwedzerwa kune mSV 10 kunowedzera mukana wekufa nekenza ne1 muna 2000 .
Munguva pfupi yapfuura, pakave nekusvitsa kuderedza nhamba dzisinganyanyi kukosha kweC CT, kunyanya kuvana, avo vanobva pamakore avo vari pangozi yakawanda kubva pakusununguka.Cherechedza mibvunzo iyi kubvunza kana mwana wako ane CT scan . Kuti uve nemafungiro emirasiyo iwe unogona kutaridzirwa, heano mimwe mienzaniso:
- Ndege yendege (masikati machena) - 0.005 mSV / awa mumhepo
- Chifu x-ray (2 maonero) - 0.10 mSV
- Chifuva CT scan - 8.0 mSV
- Abdominal CT scan - 10.0 mSv
- Mammogram - 0.7 mSV
Nhamba Yakachengeteka Yokuratidzwa?
Kunyange zvazvo vanhu vakadai seavo vanoratidzirwa kuhupamhi hwemhepo yakareba pamusoro penguva shoma shoma zviri nyore kutarisa nekudzidza, masayendisiti anoziva zvishoma nezvengozi kune vanhu vanoratidzirwa kuhuwandu hwehuwandu hwemazuva ano. Isu tose tiri pasi pehuwandu hwemazuva ose, asi isu havasi vose vanowana kenza. Vanotsvakurudza havazivi kuti yakawandisa yakawanda sei uye mazinga ayo anonzi "akachengeteka" akawandisa.
Sources:
American Cancer Society. Ita x-rays uye gamma rays zvinokonzera chirwere? Yashandurwa 02/24/15. http://www.cancer.org/cancer/cancercauses/radiationexposureandcancer/xraysgammaraysandcancerrisk/x-rays-gamma-rays-and-cancer-risk-do-xrays-and-gamma-rays-cause-cancer
Djomina, E. naBarilyak, I. "Zvirwere zveMakemikari uye zveMagumisiro Emagetsi Anoparadza" Cytology uye Genetics 2010. (44) 186-193.
Environmental Protection Agency. "Radiation Protection" https://www.epa.gov/radiation#riskofcancer Updated 09/16/15.
World Health Organization. (2006) "Migumisiro yehutano hweNhanho yeChernobyl neMapurogiramu Akakosha Okurapa Utano" http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/43447/1/9241594179_eng.pdf Akawana 03/05/16.
Yarbro, J. Carcinogenesis. Mu Yarbro, C., Frogge, M., Goodman, M. uye Groenwald, S. eds (2000). Kanzira Mukoti: Mazano uye Maitiro 5th ed Jones naBartlett: Sudbury: MA (mapeji 48-59).