Chirwere cheWest Nile chinokonzerwa nehutachiona hunotakurwa. Vanhu vakawanda vanotapukirwa nayo havana zvimwe zviratidzo kana kuti chirwere chinyoro. Zvisinei, mune zvishoma zvishoma, chirwere cheWest Nile chinogona kukonzera kukurira, kutyisa meningitis (kurwiswa kwemutsipa wespinha) kana encephalitis (kuputika kweuropi). Izvi zvinetso zvehupenzi zvakagadzirisa utachiona hweWest Nile chikonzero chekufunganya pasi rose.
Zviratidzo uye Matambudziko
West Nile Fever
Vanhu makumi matanhatu kusvika ku80 muzana yevanhu vane utachiona hweWest Nile havana zviratidzo kana zviratidzo zvehupi zvirwere. Zvinenge makumi maviri kubva muzana zvichaita izvo zvinonzi West Nile fever.
West Nile fever chirwere chisingaregi icho chinonyatsonaka chisingazivikanwi nezvimwe zvirwere zvakawanda zvehutachiwana . Zviratidzo zvinowanzosanganisira:
- fever
- muscle aches
- headache
- huro inorwadza
- kushungurudza uye kurutsa
- kuneta
- ganda rinopisa
Izvi zviratidzo zvehutachiona zvinowanzowedzera nokukurumidza mushure memazuva mashomanana-kungova "kuchitonhora kwezhizha" -uye vanhu vazhinji (uye vanachiremba) havatombozivi kuti vaiva nehutachiona hweWest Nile.
Meningitis / Encephalitis
Mune nhamba shomanana yevanhu vane utachiona-vanofungidzirwa kuva zvakanaka pasi pe1% -hutachiona hutachiona hwehutano hunogona kuitika. Vanhu vanovaka West Nile meningitis kana encephalitis vanogona kuwana:
- zvikuru feveri
- mutsipa wakaoma
- kuvhiringidzika kana kuvhiringidzika
- kuora mitezo
- seizures
- coma
West Nile meningitis kana encephalitis inogona kuuraya, kunyange nekurwara kwechisimba.
Vakawanda vanopora vanoramba vachiratidza zviratidzo zvepfungwa zvegore kana kupfuura, uye vamwe vanogona kusiyiwa nehupenyu husingagumi neurological.
Zvinetso zvepfungwa zvehutachiona hweWest Nile zvinowanzoitika kune vakwegura uye kune vanhu vane kenza. Kune humwe uchapupu hwehuwandu hwehuwandu hwepfungwa, doro rinodhaka, uye chirwere cheshuga chinogonawo kugadzirisa zvirwere zvakanyanya neWest Nile virus.
Maitiro eWest Virus Nile Anopararira sei
Utachiona hweWest Nile iRNA virusi inowanikwa munyika yose, kusanganisira Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia, uye North uye South America. Kunyange zvazvo hutachiona pachahwo husiri hutsva, hwakanga huri kure kwazvo kuAfrica uye kuMiddle East kusvikira makumi mashomanana akapfuura. Uye masayendisiti akatanga kuhubatanidza nehutano hwehutano hwakanyanya muma 1990.
Nzvimbo yepamusoro yehutachiona hweWest Nile ndiyo shiri. Utsi hunopfuudza hutachiona kubva kune shiri kuenda kune shiri, zvichibvumira hutachiona kuwedzera nekupararira. Apo utsi hunotakura hutachiona huno "ruma" munhu, hutachiona hunogona kupinda muropa uye hunoita kuti utachiona hweWest Nile hutachiona. Utachiona hunogonawo kupararira kune vanhu vane utachiona vanopa ropa.
Munharaunda yekuchamhembe hemisphere, kutapurika nehutachiona hweWest Nile kunoonekwa kubva muna May kana kutanga kweJune kusvika munaSeptember, apo utsi hunoita. Ngozi yehutachiona inotanga kusvika pakupedzisira kwezhizha.
MuUnited States, utachiona hweWest Nile hwakatanga kuonekwa muna 1999, nehuwandu hwechirwere muNew York City. Iko zvino yave ichinyanya kuonekwa mune imwe neimwe yematunhu 48 anoenderana. Kusvika ku 3000 maitiro ehutachiona hweWeuro Nile ave achionekwa gore negore muUnited States mumakore achangopfuura.
Kurapa
Hapana hutachiona hweWest Nile, saka kurapwa kunonyanya "kutsigira." Avo vane maWest Nile fever (avo vakawanda vasina kudzidza kuti vane HIV neWest Nile) kazhinji vanozvichengetedza nemaitiro anowanzoitwa-zororo-zororo, mvura inoyerera, uye analgesics-uye zvirwere zvavo zvinogadzirisa mumazuva mashoma.
Muvanhu vari muchipatara vane chirwere chakakomba kubva kuWest Nile, zviratidzo zvinotorwa kuti kuchengeta fivhiri pasi uye kuchengetedza zviratidzo zvinokosha zvakasimba sezvigoneka. Kunyange zvazvo kurapwa kwemishonga inorwarisa uye inonzi immraoglobulin inowanzoshandiswa kurapa hutachiona hweWest Nile muvarwere vechipatara, uchapupu hwechokwadi hunoshayikwa kuti zviyero zvakadaro zvinobatsira kugadzirisa.
Kufa nehutano hwehutachiona hweWest Nile hutachiwana, kunyange nehutano hwekutsva, hwakataurwa se 2% neine meningitis uye 12 muzana ne encephalitis.
Kudzivirira
Nemhaka yokuti hakuna hutano hwakanaka hwehutachiona uku, kudzivirira kunokosha zvikuru.
Kudzivisa nzvimbo dzinotapukirwa nemasikisi, kuchenesa nzvimbo dzegara dzemvura inomira apo mishonga inokonzera mishonga inogona kukura, nekushandisa zvipembenene zvinodzivirira, inokosha zviyero. Kuchengeta ropa rakapiwa ropa reWest Nile rakapedza zvakanyanya dambudziko rekutapurirwa nekuwedzerwa ropa.
Mishonga inopikisa utachiona hweWest Nile iri kukura. Nepo zvirwere zvebhiza zvakabvumirwa kuti zvishandiswe muUnited States, hapana zvirwere zvekushandisa kwevanhu zvisati zvambopinda muzvikwereti zvemakiriniki.
Shoko Rinobva
Utachiona hweWest Nile hutachiona hutachiona hwemumumvu hwakapararira muUnited States nenyika. Kunyange zvazvo vanhu vakawanda vane utachiona hweWest Nile vane zvirwere zvishoma uye vanodzoka zvakakwana, avo vanovandudza zvirwere zvehutano zvinogona kurwara zvakanyanya, vane ngozi inofadza yekufa, uye vanogona kutambura kwenguva refu. Nokuti hapana hutachiona hweHIV Nile, kudzivirira utachiona hunokosha zvikuru.
> Sources:
> Loeb M, Hanna S, Nicolle L, Et Al. Zvirwere Pashure peWest Nile Virus Infection. Ann Intern Med 2008; 149: 232.
> Murray Ko, Garcia Mn, Rahbar Mh, Et Al. Kupona Kuchengetedzwa, Zvigumisiro Zvenguva refu, Uye Muviri Wekudzorera Kusvika Kumakore Makumi Masere Okupedzisira-Kusvibisa Pakati peHouston West Nile Virus Cohort. Plos One 2014; 9: E102953.
> O'leary Dr, Marfin Aa, Montgomery Sp, uye Al. Chirwere cheWest Virus Nile MuUnited States, 2002. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2004; 4:61.