Sei uye Sei Asbestosito Inokuvadza?
Tinowanzonzwa kuti asbestos inotyisa, asi izvi zvinorevei? Ndeapi mararamiro ezvehutano anokonzerwa nekutsvaga, uye kuti yakawanda yakadii yekuti asbestos ive nengozi?
Nei Asbestos Inotyisa?
Kuita seguruva reasbestos uye fiber kunogona kukonzera kenza, zvirwere zvepapu, pamwe nezvimwe zvinhu. Zvinosuruvarisa, hapana ruzivo rwunozivikanwa rwekutsvaga kunofungidzirwa kwakachengeteka.
Kunyange zvazvo kushandiswa kweAsbestos kwave kwakarambidzwa muU.S., kujekesa kuchiri kunowanzoitika, sezvo kune zvimwe kunze kwekurambidzwa, uye sezvo asbestos ichiripo muzvivako zvakawanda zvekare nemisha. Kutaura zvazviri, hutano hwehutano hweAsbestos hunoramba huchiwedzera munyika yose. Vanhu vakawanda vari pangozi vanosanganisira avo vanobudiswa pabasa, asi avo vanosarudza kutora matanho ezvo-ivo-pachavo mumisha ine eesbestos kusungirirwa inogonawo kuva pangozi.
Usati wataura nezvehutano hwehupenyu hweAbesbestos, ngatitsanangure mazwi mashoma. Izvo zvinenge zvipfeko zvinopoteredza uye zvinodzivirira mapapu. Imwe shoko iro rinowanzotaurwa nezvayo ndiro mesothelium . I-mesothelium ibwe rinodzivirira rinopota nhengo dziri muchipfuva uye mudumbu uye rinoparadzaniswa kuva zvikamu zvitatu. Purefu (iyo inopoteredza mapapu sezvakataurwa pamusoro apa,) iyo pericardium (iyo inopoteredza mwoyo,) uye peritoneal mesothelium (mhuka dzinodzivirira dzinopoteredza nhengo dziri mudumbu.)
Cancers Inokonzerwa nekuratidzwa kweAsbestos
Vashandi vanoita basa rakanaka pakuita kuti vanhu vose nevanoita mitemo vazive njodzi yeimwe chirwere chemapapu emapapu - mesothelioma-inokonzerwa nekusvibiswa kweAsbestos. Kune avo vanopokana kana ivo vanoedza kusimudza mazwi avo uye kukumbira kuchinja apo hutano hwavo huri pangozi, uyu muenzaniso wakanaka kwazvo wekuti vanhu vanogona sei kuita misiyano.
Pakave nekukurukurirana pamusoro pehutano hwakasiyana-siyana uye mafomu ane zvipingamupinyi zvakasiyana, asi nokuda kwechinangwa chekukurukurirana tichatarisa mufananidzo wose. Cancers inokonzerwa kana kufunga kuti inokonzerwa neAbesbestos inosanganisira:
- Zvirwere zvinopesana nemhetetioma - Mesothelioma ikenza inotanga mune chero ipi zvayo umo mhesiyolium inowanikwa sezvinotaurwa pamusoro, asi kazhinji inowanikwa munzwiro (iyo micheche yakakomberedza mapapu.) Iyo kenza ine utsinye, ine 5 kusvika 10 muzana yevanhu vanopona makore mashanu apfuura ivo vanorwara.
- Kanza yemaperembudzi - Makomba anokonzera kunze kwemashetilioma anowedzerawo nekuonekwa. Zvose zvisingasviki duku sekenza yemapapu emapapu uye mutana muduku wemukenza wemapapu unowedzerwa
- Kenza yeOvarian - Zvishoma zvinonyatsozivikanwa ndiyo ngozi inowedzera yekenza yevana . Mukugadziriswa kwezvidzidzo kusvika nhasi, zvaifungidzirwa kuti kushandiswa kwebasa kune asibestosi kwakawedzera kenza yemahara yevanoda kusvika makumi manomwe kubva muzana .
- Mamwe makondombera - Zvidzidzo zvekare ikozvino zvakasanganiswa, uye hazvizivikanwe kuti kana asbestos inowedzera kusvibiswa inowedzera dambudziko rekenza yakawanda (kenza yemutsipa,) kana kenza yakaoma.
Mamiriro Ezvokurapa Anokonzerwa neAsbestos Exposure
Pasina kunyatsozivikanwa, asi chinetso chikuru kunyange chirwere chemapapu chinokonzerwa nekusvibiswa kwe asbestos.
Mimwe yemamiriro aya anosanganisira:
- Asbestosis - Asbestosis inomirira iyo pulmonary fibrosis (kupora) inoitika nemhaka yekusvibiswa kweAsbestos. Iyi mamiriro, kunze kwekukonzera zviratidzo zvayo, inowedzera huwandu hwekenza yemapapu. Izvi zvinokurukurwa zvakare pasi apa pasi pe "chiyero chekuisa pachena chinotyisa."
- Pleural plaques.
- Pleural thickening.
- Pleural effusions - Vamwe vanhu vanoratidzwa neAsbestos vanokudziridza kuvaka-humvura pakati pe membrane inotaridza mapapu. Izvi zvakatumidzwa sebenestos-related related pleusi effusions (BAPEs).
Ndeipi Nhamba Yekuratidzwa Inokuvadza?
Mubvunzo unowanzoti, "Ndinoda kuti asbestos yakawanda sei inoratidzike kuva pangozi?" Mhinduro ndeyokuti hapana hutachiona hwekushongedzeka kweAsbestos iyo yakachengeteka.
Asi zvidzidzo zvishomanana zvakabatsira kupindura zvakadzama mubvunzo iwoyo.
Chimwe chidzidzo chakanga chaitwa kutarisa kunyanya kune vanhu vane asbestosis. Ichi chaiva chidzidzo chikuru chaifananidza vanenge vanenge mazana maviri nemakumi maviri (2400) vachengeti vevarume (avo vakanga vaiswa pachena kuAsbestos,) kune boka revanhu vanopfuura 54 000 vakanga vasati vamboona. Kakawanda, mutsa wemapapu wakanga uri wekufa kwe19 kubva muzana yevadziviriri (kazhinji, 1 mu14 vanhu vachafa nemukenza wemapapu.) Ngozi yerufu yakasiyana zvikuru zvichienderana nekutsvaga chete, kukura kweAsbestosis, uye ngozi chinokonzera kusvuta, uye kubvira patafura inokosha mazwi mashoma, zvigumisiro zvinotevera:
- Kuvhiringidzika kweAsbestos muvasina kusvuta - Paiva ne 3.6 kazhinji pane zviitiko zvekenza yemapapu.
- Asbestosis mune vanhu vasiri kusvuta - Dambudziko racho raiva 7.4 nguva yevanhu vakawanda.
- Kusvuta pasina exposure yeAsbestos - Iyi njodzi yekenza yemapapu mune avo vanosvuta yaiva 103 dzimwe nguva yevanhu vakawanda muchidzidzo ichi.
- Kuvhiringidzika kweAsbestos pamwe nekusvuta - Kuratidzwa kweAsbestos pamwe pamwe nekusvuta kwakaita kuti mukana wekenza yemapapu ive nguva 14.4 nguva yakaenzana.
- Kuvhiringidzika kweAsbestos, asbestosis, pamwe nekusvuta - Kana vanhu vakananga neAsbestos, vakagadzira asbestosis, pamwe nekusvuta, zvabuda zvaive zvakakomba. Ngozi yekenza yemapapu yakange yakapetwa ka 36.8 kupfuura vanhu vakawanda.
Tinogona kutarisa kusvibiswa kwe-asbestos mune imwe nzira yekuwana mufananidzo mukuru nekupfuurira kutsanangura dambudziko kune avo vari mumhizha. Zvave zvichifungidzirwa kuti mazana zana nemakumi matatu ezvakagadzirwa uye anodyiwa eesbestos pamwe nekufa kumwe kubva kuma mesothelioma.
Mubvunzo unokosha ndewokuti kukosha kwenguva yakajeka ndeyepi - mune mamwe mazwi, ndeaya avo vanoratidzirwa kwemakore makumi matatu ehuwandu hwemakore makumi matatu ehuwandu hwekuti huve hunove hwakakanganiswa kupfuura huripo hwemakore mashanu? Hatina zvidzidzo zvinotsanangura pangozi chaiyo kwekufamba kwenguva, asi zvinenge zvichiitika kuti kana mumwe munhu akangozviratidza, zvinowedzera dambudziko rehutano hweAsbestos. Izvozvo zvakati, pane vamwe vanhu vakagadzira mesothelioma ne nguva yekutsvaga kwemazuva mashoma chete.
Asbestos Inotyisa Sei?
Nzira yekuti asbestos inokuvadza muviri inogona kunge yakasanganiswa ye fiber type uye kukura, kubvisa mapapu, uye genetics. Zvishoma zvidzidzo zvakabuda. Mune imwe, zvinofungidzirwa kuti ma-asbestos fibers angangodaro ane zvakashata pamasero akavhara mapapu, zvichikonzera kuvhiringidza kunokonzera kuora. Chikamu chekukuvadza kunogonawo kufanirana nekuita kwemuviri kusvika pakuvapo kwemafibisi eesbestos, sezvo muviri unovhara zvinhu zvinokonzera zvinhu zvakadai se cytokines uye kukura zvinhu zvinopindura kune imwe nyika. Uchapupu hutsva hunoratidza kuti kuvapo kweAsbestos kunokonzera DNA yakanganisa kukanganisa kumasero, izvo zvingaguma nekuita kusapinda masero uye kenza.
Asbestos kuchengetedzwa uye Kudzivirirwa
Nzira yakanakisisa yekudzivirira matambudziko ehutano ane chokuita neesbestos ndeyekudzidzira kuchengeteka kutanga. Izvi zvinorevei?
Kune vashandi vanobudiswa kuAsbestos, pane mitemo panzvimbo yekuzvidzivirira. Zvizivikanise nekuchengetedzwa kwezvokuchengetedza, pamwe chete nekodzero dzako semushandi. Heano mitsva shomanana yekuita kuti utange:
- Kubva kune Environmental Protection Agency: Kudzivirira Shoko kubva kuAsbestos
- Kubva kuWeupupational Safety uye Health Administration: OSHA Asbestos Fact Sheet
Kune avo vane hanya neAsbestos mumisha yavo , kana kuti vari kuongorora imba yekugadzirisa purojekiti, Consumer Safety Commission inopa ruzivo pamusoro pekuwanikwa kwacho, chii chinofanira kuitwa maererano neAbesbestos mumba mako, uye kuti ungagadzirisa sei matambudziko eAbesbestos munyaya ino:
- Asbestos in Home
Chii Chaungaita Kana Wakaratidzwa?
Hapana ikozvino chirwere chemapapu chekuongorora chirongwa chinokurudzirwa kuvanhu vakambosangana neAsbestos, sezvo kune vese vanoputa, asi zvingave zvakakosha kutaura nechiremba wako. Chimwe chidzidzo chakaitwa muna 2007 chakaratidza kuti chirwere chakanyanya kuongorora CT chevashandi veAsbestos chinogona kunge chakakosha pakucherechedza kenza yemapapu mumavambo ekutanga sezvazviri kune vanoputa zvikuru . Izvo zvinokosha kufunga kuti mamwe mazano ekupedzisira muna 2013 akawana kuti kuongorora vanhu vane makore makumi matatu emakore emakore emakore ekuputa avo vakanga vari pakati pemakore makumi mashanu nemakumi mana nemashanu vanogona kuderedza kufa kwekenza yemapapu ne20 muzana . Zvechokwadi, kana iwe wakanga uri kusvuta mune zvekunge uchitarirwa neAsbestos, kukurukura nachiremba wako pfungwa yakanaka.
Chidzidzo che 2017 chakawana kuti spirometry inogona kuva chinhu chakanakisisa chekuongorora maitiro emukenza mumapapiro kune avo vakave vachitarisana neAsbestos. Ichokwadi, zvichibva pamigumisiro yechirongwa, vatsvakurudzi vakurudzira kuti chero ani akave aine ruzivo rweAsbestos inofanira kuve ne spirometry ichiitwa uye ichidzokororwa makore ose matatu.
Sangano reTyxic Substances and Registry Registry (ATSDR) rave rakagadzirisa mazano ekuongorora maitiro eesbestos-ane chokuita nekenza pamwe nemamiriro emapapu. Aya mazano anokurudzira kuti uone chiremba anoziva zvirwere zvine chokuita neesbestos . (Handigone kusimbisa kuti izvi zvakakosha zvakadini sevamwe vanachiremba vasingawanzoshanda nevanhu vanobatwa neAbesbestos.) Imwe dambudziko kune avo vakambosangana neAbesbestos ndeyokuti CT kuongorora kunowanzoratidza "maitiro akanaka" -kureva kuti chimwe chinhu chingaita sechinhu chisina kujairika kana zvinyatsoita. Somuenzaniso, mune imwe chidzidzo, inopfuura hafu yevashandi veAsbestos vaiva neusina rimwe runyararo rakaonekwa pane CT scan.
Mukuwedzera pakuongorora, spirometry, nekuchengetedzwa kweAsbestos, zvichida chinhu chakakosha kune munhu wese anogona kuita ndechekusvuta. Panewo zvimwe zvinhu zvaungaita zvinogona kuderedza ngozi yako. Kana uine zvimwe zvinonetsa, iva nechokwadi chekutarisa izvi.
> Sources
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