Paunenge uchiverenga zvidzidzo zvezvokurapa, mazwi aya anokura zvakanaka nguva dzose
Izwi rokuti "chiitiko" uye "kupararira" rinoreva nhamba yevanhu vane chirwere chekurapa. "Kuitika" kunoreva nhamba yevanhu vachangobva kuongororwa vane chirwere, asi "kupararira" kunosanganisira vanhu vachangobva kuongororwa, pamwe chete nevanhu vakaonekwa kare, uye, kana ruzivo ruwanika, vanhu vasina kumboonekwa.
Aya mazwi ari kuvhiringidza, uye vamwe vanhu vanovashandisa zvakasiyana-siyana (kunyange zvazvo vasingatsinhanisi!).
Chiitiko chinorondedzera njodzi yemazuva ano yekuwana chimwe chirwere, asi kupararira kunotitaurira kuti vanhu vangani vari kurarama iye zvino nemamiriro ezvinhu, pasinei kana (kana kunyange kana) vakaonekwa kuti vane chirwere ichocho.
Kuitika uye Kupararira Kubva kuEpidemiology
Zvose zviitiko uye kupararira mazwi anoshandiswa mumunda we epidemiology. Epidemiology ibasa remishonga rinotarisa (iwe zvichida wakazvifungidzira) vanhu vangani vane chirwere chaiye, izvo zvinowanzoitika ndezvipi zvinobatana nechirwere, zvinoitika kune vanhu vanowana chirwere ichocho, uye pakupedzisira, nzira yekudzivirira zvirwere kubva pakuitika .
Imwezve izwi kubva pane epidemiology iwe unofanirwa kuziva: vanhu. Epidemiologists kudzidza zvakanyanya vanhu vakawanda-somuenzaniso, vanogona kudzidza vanhu vakuru vanogara muUnited States sehuwandu hwevanhu.
Vanhu vanogona kunge vakafara (vose vana vari kuChina) kana zvimwe zvakanyanya (vose vakwegura veAsia vakanaka vanogara muNew York City). Kutsanangura vanhu vepakati vanobvumira kuti epidemiologists ione kuti chii chinoita kuti zvirwere zvavo zvive pangozi, uye kuti izvo zvinokonzera ngozi zvinogona kusiyana sei nezvengozi dzevamwe vanhu.
Zvimwe pamusoro pechiitiko kana kupararira
Heano mimwe mienzaniso chaiyo inogona kukubatsira kuti uwane gadziriro pazviitiko uye kupararira.
Kana, somuenzaniso, tinotaura chiitiko chechirwere chechiliac mubasa rekuita muuto muU.S. chaiva 6.5 mu100 000 muna 2008, izvo zvinoreva nhanhatu nehafu yenguva dzehondo dzekushandira kune vose 100 000 vanoita nhengo dzehondo dzakagadziriswa vane chirwere ichi 2008. (Pane chaizvoizvo chidzidzo chinoratidza izvi.)
Nharaunda inokuudza kuti vangani vanhu vakaonekwa kuti vane chirwere chaiye mune imwe vanhu vakawanda. Muchiitiko ichocho, chirwere chinodzidza chakanga chiri chirwere checliac, uye vanhu vaidzidza vaishanda varwi veUnited States.
Kuwedzera, panguva iyo, kunokuudza kuti vanhu vangani vane chimiro chavo, pasinei nokuti vanga vaongororwa, kana kuti kunyange vakave vakaongororwa zvachose.
Kuti tibatanidzwe nehutachiona hwemukoko uyu, kuongororwa kwakanyanya kwechirwere chechiliac muUnited States muvanhu vatanhatu nemakore kunoratidza kuti kupararira kuri 0.71%. Izvozvo zvinoreva nezvemunhu mumwe nomumwe 141 vanhu vane makore matanhatu kana kupfuura muUnited States vane chirwere ichi, kunyange zvazvo maererano nezvo chidzidzo, vanhu vakawanda vane chirwere (anenge 83%) havazivi kuti vane.
Kuchenjerera paKushandisa Chiitiko uye Kuwedzera
Iwe haugone kutora nhamba mune imwe chidzidzo pamusoro pezviitiko kana kupararira kuchashanda pane imwe vanhu vevanhu.
Somuenzaniso, nekuda kwekupararira kwechirwere chechiliac muUnited States ndi 0.71% (mumwe chete pavanhu 141 vanopfuura makore matanhatu), haugoni kutora kuwanda kwechiliac kune dzimwe nyika - vanoti, munyika dzeAsia - zvakafanana sezvazviri muU.S., sezvo vanhu vacho vane mararamiro akasiyana uye vanotevera kudya kwakasiyana uye mararamiro.
Kutaura zvazviri, kupararira kwezvirwere zvechiliac zvakaderera zvikuru munyika dzakawanda dzeAsia, chikamu nokuti majeni echirwere chechiliac haasi evanhu vakawanda muAsia.
Kunyange zvakadaro, kupararira kwechirwere chechiliac muEurope chiri pedyo nekupararira muUnited States, sezvo genetics uye kudya kune vanhu vaviri vari vanhu vakafanana.
Sources:
Altobelli E et al. Mutoro wezvirwere zvechiliac muEurope: kuongororwa kwehuduku hwake nekukura kwevanhu vakuru uye kuitika kwaSeptember 2014. Annali di Igiene. 2014 Nov-Dec; 26 (6): 485-98.
Cummins AG et al. Kuwanda kwechirwere chechiliac muAsia-Pacific. Nyaya yeGastroenterology uye Hepatology . 2009 Aug; 24 (8): 1347-51.
Rubio-Tapia A et al. Kuwanda kwechirwere chechiliac muUnited States. American Journal of Gastroenterology . 2012 Oct; 107 (10): 1538-44; mapeji 1537, 1545.