Kana iwe uchifunga kuti zvakaoma kuti uite pfungwa ye autism yemwana wako, iwe wakarurama. Zvechokwadi, autism ishungurudzo yakaoma, asi iyo ndiyo hafu yechinetso. Iyo imwe hafu yakasikwa nevashandi vane chinangwa vanonyatsopfekedza zvinyorwa zvavo pamusoro pevana venyu maererano nezvingaita (uye kuita!) Kutsausa vabereki pamusoro pehutano hwevana vavo nezvinetso uye mano.
Sei chiremba aizozvikanganisa nemwoyo mubereki? Muzviitiko zvakawanda, havasi kuedza nomwoyo wose kuve kuvhiringidza. Vari kungovhura zvirwere zvavo, tsananguro, uye mazano mumashoko avo anofunga kuti achave akanaka kana kuti, zvichida, mune zvematongerwo enyika. Mhedzisiro, zvisinei, ndeyekuti vabereki vazhinji vanogona kukanganisa kusanzwisisa mamiriro emwana wavo.
Pano pane mapfumbamwe izwi rechiito rinowanzosanzwisiswa:
1. 'Kuderera' Kwoupenyu Hwose
Iwe unogona kunge wakanzwa izwi rokuti "kunonoka" nguva dzakawanda paunenge uchitaura nezve autism yemwana wako. Kazhinji, inowanikwa mukutaura se "mwana wako ane nguva yekukura."
Isu tose tinoziva kuti "kunonoka" chii. Isu tose takanga tanonoka muupenyu hwedu. Cheketi, zvitima, ndege, uye kudya kwemanheru zvinowanzomira. Uye zvino ... ivo vanosvika. Uye isu tinofunga "zviri nani munguva pfupi kupfuura iwe."
Asi izwi rokuti "kunonoka," kana rakashandiswa kurondedzera mwana ane autism, hazvirevi izvo zvatinofunga zvinoreva. Vana vane autism vanogona, kubudirira, kukudziridza unyanzvi sezvavanokura-asi zvakare, vangave vasina.
Nemhaka yokuti autism ihosha yeupenyu hwose , iyo inosanganisira kusiyana kwakasiyana-siyana uye zvinetso zvisingaendi, kana mwana wako achikudziridza unyanzvi uye mano, inenge nguva dzose nokuti iye akadzidza kushanda kana kuti ane zviratidzo zve-autistic-kwete nokuti iye "akangobata."
Chii chakakanganisika nokutenda kuti mwana wako "achabata" uye ave, mu autism zvinoreva, "asinganzwisisiki kubva kune vezera rake vese?" Mune zvimwe zviitiko, vabereki vanofunga kuti mwana wavo haadi chinhu asi nguva kuitira kuti "normalize." Izvi, chokwadi, hazvisizvo: kurapwa kwekare uye kwakasimba kunokosha kune wechidiki ane autism.
Mune zvimwe zviitiko, vabereki vanoona kuti mwana wavo ane matambudziko asi vanotenda kuti ivo vachave vakangoerekana vakanonoka nezera remakore 21. Somugumisiro, vangaita zvishomanana kugadzirira zvinodiwa zvevakuru vakwegura.
2. 'Kusaziva' Vana Vakagadzikana, Kwete Zvikuru
Zvinonakidza kunzwa kuti mwana wako autistic "unoshamisa." Kusvikira iwe unonzwisisa zvinorehwa chaizvo neshoko.
Makumi makumi mapfumbamwe nemapfumbamwe muzana yenguva, izwi rokuti "rakasiyana" rinoreva "zviri nani kudarika" kana kuti "kutya." Asi kana inoshandiswa kutsanangura vana vane autism, zvinoreva chimwe chinhu chakasiyana zvachose. Kunze kwezvinhu, kune vana vane zvinodiwa zvakasiyana, zvinoreva chimwe chinhu chiri pedyo neku "kusiyana nevamwe vana nekuda kwezvinetso zvavo nekuremara."
Zviri nyore kwazvo, kana uchitaurirwa mwana wako "zvakasiyana," kufamba-famba mumoto unopisa wekuzvikudza. Zvinosuruvarisa, kunzwa ikoko kunogona kutungamirira kusanzwisisana pakati pevabereki, vanachiremba, uye vadzidzisi-uye vanogona kugadzirisa matambudziko nehutano hwemwana wenyu nemigumisiro.
3. 'Dambudziko rekufungisisa' rinoreva pasi IQ
Kudzoka makumi mashomanana adarika apfuura, "moron" uye "idiot" yaiva mazwi ekugadzirisa achitsanangura maitiro ehuchenjeri hunoenzaniswa neIQ test. Nemhaka yokuti mazwi aya aishungurudzika uye aipisa, akachinjwa kuva izwi rinowedzera "pfungwa dzakarega." Makore mashomanana akapfuura, "pfungwa dzakarega" dzakapedza basa, nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakafanana.
Nhasi, panzvimbo yekureva mwana sekunge "ane njere" kana kuti "kuchema kwepfungwa," nyanzvi dzinowanzotsanangurira mwana se "kuongororwa kwepfungwa" kana kuti "kunyatsocherechedza kunonoka" kana kuti "kupomerwa mupfungwa."
Mashoko aya anorevei? Chero mubereki anogona kukanganwirwa pakufunga kuti anoreva "kunonoka, asi zvichida kubata nokukurumidza." Vamwe vanhu vanofunga kuti vanotaura nezvemamiriro ezvinhu akaoma (anozivikanwawo kuti misbehavior). Asi kwete. Sezvakamboita, zvinoreva " kuita zvisina kunaka pane IQ test ." Zvechokwadi, haasi maitiro ose eIQ akakodzera vana vane autism uye kazhinji vana vane autism vanotanga kuva nemafungiro ekureruka ari nani anowanzoitwa IQ test angaratidza.
4. Kutendeseka 'Nhamo' Handizvo Zvaunofunga Kuti Zvavari
Izwi rinoshuva rinoreva ... chii? Kuvanhu vazhinji vari munyika, zvinoreva chimwe chezvinhu zviviri: terrific lover kana zvakatsaurirwa kune chimwe chinhu. Iwe unogona kuva musikana anonyanya kutsvaga, muveki anonyanya kufarira, kana kunyange mukepe anofarira.
Kunyange zvazvo vamwe vanhu vane autism vane shungu munzira inowanzoitika, iyo haisi iyo inorehwa neshoko iyo inoshandiswa nevashandi vevistism. Pane kudaro, izwi rinoshandiswa rinoshandiswa senzira yekutsungirira, zvinoreva kusakwanisa kurega kuita chinhu chimwechete kakawanda. Nokudaro, mwana ane " autistic passion " angave akanzwa kudiwa kwekutsvaira chimbuzi nguva nenguva, tarisa vhidhiyo imwechete nekusingaperi, kana kutaura pamusoro pezvitima kusvika kunze kwezvimwe zvose nyaya dzekutaura.
5. 'Vhidhiyo' kana 'TV' Hurukuro Haireve Kutaura NezveVhidhiyo kana TV
Paanoudzwa kuti mwana wavo ari kuita "kutaura kwevhidhiyo" kana kuti "hurukuro yeTV," vabereki vanogona kufara. Pakupedzisira, mwana wavo ari kushandisa mazwi uye kunyange kutakura hurukuro pamusoro peshoko rinoda vamwe! Asi kwete. "Kutaura neTV" kana kuti "kutaura kwevhidhiyo" hakurevi kutaura pamusoro pezviratidzwa zveTV. Pane kudaro, zvinoreva kutaura semutambo weTV. Imwe yedzidzo yezvekodzero yeiyi iyi echolalia.
Chii chinonzi echolalia ? Vana vakawanda vane autism (uye vamwe vechidiki uye vakuru pamwe chete) vanogona kutaura, asi panzvimbo yekushandisa mazwi avo pachavo, vanonyora mitsara kubva kumakorani eTV, mafirimu, kana mavhidhiyo. Izvi zvingava maitiro asina kuita basa ekuzvibata kuzvidzora (mazwi haarevi chinhu, asi zvinonzwa zvakanaka kuti urambe uchidzokorora manzwi akafanana). Zvinogona zvakare, zvisinei, kuva nhanho dzokutanga pakushandisa mutauro unoshanda, kunyanya apo mwana anoshandisa mazwi omunhu kuti ataure zvaanofunga mupfungwa dzake.
6. 'Kunyora' Hazvirevi Kuverenga kana Kunyora Script
Zvingava zvine musoro kufunga kuti "scripting," kumwana ane autism, zvinogona kusanganisira kupa mwana wacho script kuti ashandise mune imwe nzvimbo yemagariro evanhu. Kana kuti zvichida, kune mwana akakwirira anoshanda, KUTANGA script kuti ishandise mumamiriro ezvinhu anokonzera kuzvidya mwoyo. Asi kwete.
Yeuka kuverenga nezvemavhidhiyo kana hurukuro yeTV kumusoro? Scripting inongova rimwe shoko rechimiro chimwechete chechirevo chepamusoro chemazwi chingave kana chisingazoshandiswa pakukurukurirana. Inonzi "scripting" nokuti mwana wacho akayeuka zvakanyorwa script uye ari kuidzorera.
7. 'Mitambo' Hauna Chero Chakuita Nechitendero
Hazvishamisi kunzwa shoko rokuti "tsika" zvachose-uye paunenge uchinzwa, inenge iri nguva dzose mumamiriro ezvinhu emhemberero dzechitendero. Machechi, masinagogi, nemasikiti vose vane mitambo (zviito nemashoko anodzokororwa nenzira imwechete uye mumutemo mumwechete vhiki rese) zvine chokuita nemunyengetero, kuverenga, mimhanzi, nezvimwe zvakadaro.
Saka chii chinorehwa nemitambo ye "autistic" yemwana? Apo rinoshandiswa mumamiriro ezvinhu eudism, "tsika" dzinodzokorora maitiro asina basa rakasiyana asi iyo mwana anonzwa kuti ANOFANIRA KUZA. Miitiro yakadaro chiratidzo chekucherechedza zvinonzi Obsessive Compulsive Disorder asiwo zvakajairika pakati pevanhu vane autism. Mitambo yekutenderera inogona kusanganisira kubatanidza zvinhu pane imwe nzira, kushandura mwenje uye kuvhara, kuputira chimbuzi kazhinji, nezvimwe zvakadaro.
8. 'Maitiro Okuzvikurudzira' Anowanzoreva Kuita Bonhora
Chii chingave "kuzvikurudzira" zvichireva? Ichokwadi inonzwika sehupenzi hwokuti "chibereko chepabonde." Uye pazviitiko zvisingawanzoiti, mufambiro wevana wezvinyorwa zvinogona kusanganisira izvozvo. Asi kazhinji yenguva ... hazviiti.
Kuzvibata-kunokonzera -kunowanzoti "kukurudzira" -izvoizvo izwi rinoshandiswa kurondedzera mafambiro akadai sokuzunungusa, kuvhara kweminwe, kunyorera, kana kufamba. Maitiro aya haabatsiri (haafaniri kuve nemugumisiro), asi anoshumira chinangwa. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kukurudzira kunogona kubatsira munhu ane autism kuti arambe akadzikama kana "achirohwa" nemanzwi, kunhuwa, kana kuti mwenje . Kukwezva kunogonawo kuva nzira yakanaka yekudzivisa kuzvidya mwoyo.
Kakawanda, vanachiremba vanoshandira "kuvhara mafungiro ekuzvidzivirira." Nokuita izvi, zvisinei, vangave vachidzivisa munhu wezvigadzirwa zvezvinodhaka zvavanoda kuti varambe vakadzikama. Mune mamwe mazwi, mwana wako angasimudza mabhizimisi e "weird" maitiro ezvo "kunyanya" kushungurudzika mupfungwa.
9. 'Maitiro Akarongeka' Usava nechokuita Nehutano
Mafungiro ndeaya avo kazhinji-asingatendi zvitendero vanhu vane zvevamwe vanhu, zvichienderana nezera ravo, chitendero, gender, unyanzvi kana nzvimbo yakabva. Rudyi? Mubereki anonzwisisa angafungidzira kuti maonero akasiyana neevist angangodaro kufungidzira kusina kunaka pamusoro pevanhu vanoita zvechivimbiso vanoita maererano nehutachiona.
Asi iwe hapana mubvunzo wakafunga kuti izwi iri rinoshandiswa mumamiriro ezvinhu e autism, zvinoreva chinhu chechimiro. Yeuka mafambiro aya anokurudzira anotsanangurwa pamusoro apa? Izvo zvinoshandiswawo, kunyanya pakutsvaga mabhuku, se "kusagadzikana," kana kuti "mafungiro asina kunaka." Iyo DSM5 (2013) urongwa hwemashoko ehurumende yevhisi anosanganisira:
Kutaridzika kana kudzokorora motokari, kushandiswa kwezvinhu, kana kutaura (semuenzaniso motokari dzemotokari, kusungira zvidhori kana zvinhu zvinoputika, echolalia, mashoko ediodyncratic).
Mune mamwe mazwi, kana mwana wako achikwirisa matayipi kana kushandisa hurukuro yeTV, iye anenge ari muitiro unofungidzirwa.
Kuita Sense Autism-Taura
Pane zvakawanda zvewebhu uye mabhuku anotarisa uye anotsanangura mazwi ane chokuita ne autism. Uye kana iwe ukaona izwi remagetsi iwe usingazivi (zvakadai se echolalia, somuenzaniso) iwe unogona chaizvo kuenda kuenda kuzvitarisa. Dambudziko, zvisinei, nderokuti dzakawanda zvemashoko anoshandiswa kurondedzera autism inzwi rakajairika. Unoziva sei zvausingazivi iwe iwe usingazivi kuti iwe hauzive?
Nzira yakanakisisa yekuziva kuti uri kunyatsotevera hurukuro ndeyokubvunza mibvunzo kana zvichibvira uye kaviri kuongorora kunzwisisa kwako. Somuenzaniso, iwe ungabvunza mudzidzisi, "Ndinonzwa iwe unoti mwana wangu ari kuita hurukuro yeTV. Izvi zvinoreva here kuti varikutaura nezvemitambo yeTV?" Kana iwe unogona kutarisa nemumwe chiremba kuti uve nechokwadi chokuti izwi ravo rakagadzikana chaizvo kwauri.
Zano rimwechete, nenzira, zvakakosha kuzviyeuchidza kana iwe uchinzwa mudzidzisi kana mushonga achiti zvinhu zvakadai "ari kufambira mberi," kana kuti "ari kuita zvakanaka!" Usati wafunga kuti iwe unoziva kuti "chikuru" chinorevei chaizvo, kubvunza "zvinhu zvipi zvaakaita iye nhasi?" Kazhinji, uchaona kuti iwe nevadzidzisi vemwana wako mune pfungwa dzakasiyana-siyana pamusoro pezvinoreva shoko iro.