Zvinyorwa Zvokudzokorora Ndezve Chikamu cheAustism, Asi Haasi Nguva Dambudziko Riri Nguva Dzose
Kudzokorora, maitiro asina chazvinobatsira nguva dzose inenge iri chiratidzo chevhisi. Chaizvoizvo, vabereki vakawanda vanonetseka pamusoro pevhisiki pavanoona vana vavo vachidzoka vachidzoka kumatambo, kushandura zvinhu, kana kuvhura nekuvhara vateki kana masuo. Kudzokorora kunogonawo kusanganisira kutaura, kufunga pamusoro, kana kubvunza pamusoro pechinhu chimwechete kakawanda. Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoiti, kuzvidzokorora kunogona kunge kune ngozi; kakawanda, kunyange zvakadaro, iyo inoshandiswa yekuzvinyaradza.
Vanogona kuva dambudziko, kunyange zvakadaro, pavanopinda munzira yezvavanoita kana kuita kuti zvive zvakaoma kupedza chikoro kana basa.
"Inongororwa" (Kudzokorora) Maitiro Ndeapi Chikamu cheAustism
Vashandi nevatsvakurudzi vanodzokorora kudzokorora, maitiro asinganzwisisiki "kutenderera" kana "kushivirira," uye kuzvibata kwakadaro kunotsanangurwa sezviratidzo zve autism mu DSM-5 (iyo inonyatsozivikanwa yekuongorora):
Zvinongororwa, kudzokorora maitiro emafambiro, zvido, kana mabasa, sezvinoratidzirwa nevanenge zvikamu zviviri zvezvinotevera, ikozvino kana nezvenhoroondo (mienzaniso inofananidzira, kwete yakakwana; ona mashoko):
- Inofanirwa kana kudzokorora mafambiro emagetsi, kushandiswa kwezvinhu, kana kutaura (semuenzaniso, zvigadziriswa zvemotokari zvisiri nyore, kuvhara zvidhori kana zvinhu zvinoputika , echolalia , mazwi ediodyyncratic).
- Kuomerera kune imwechete, kusinganzwisisiki kwekuita maitiro, kana kuronga maitiro emashoko kana maitiro (semuenzaniso, kushungurudzika kwakanyanya pane zvishoma kuchinja, matambudziko nekuchinja, maitiro akaoma, mafungiro, kudikanwa kutora nzira imwechete kana kudya zvokudya zvakafanana zuva rimwe nerimwe ).
- Zvinoregererwa zvakanyanya, zvakagadziriswa zvido zvisingawanzoitiki kana kuisa pfungwa (semuenzaniso, kusungirirwa kwakasimba kana kufungisisa nezvimwe zvinhu zvisingawanzoitiki, zvakanyanyisa kana zvakatsungirira).
Chii Chinoitwa Maitiro Anotarisa Anotarisa?
Kudzokorora kunozvibata mu autism kunogona kusiyanisa zvakasiyana kubva pamunhu kumunhu.
Kune vamwe vanhu, zvinosanganisira kutaura kana kutaura pamusoro pezvinhu zvakafanana kakawanda (somuenzaniso, kutarisa vose Avengers nemasimba avo, kudzokorora mabhuku kubva kuTV, kana kubvunza mubvunzo iwoyo kakawanda mumutsara). Kune vamwe, zvinosanganisira zviito zvekuita zvakadai sekudzokazve, kubhururuka, kana kufamba. Mune zvimwe zvakanyanya zvakanyanyisa, maitiro anongoratidzwa anogona kuva ane chisimba; musoro-kubvongodza, somuenzaniso, unhu hunosimbiswa. Vamwe vanhu vari mu autist spectrum vanoita zvekudzokorora mafambiro nguva dzose, asi vamwe vanongogara vachitsigira (vanoramba vachiita tsika) apo vakamanikidzwa, vanozvidya mwoyo kana kuti vanogumbura.
Vanhu vazhinji vane autism vanonzwa vachizvidya mwoyo pavanokumbirwa kuchinja tsika yavo kana hurongwa. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kugara uchiita zvinhu kunenge kusingaoneki kune munhu asingaoneki. Mushure mezvose, vanhu vazhinji vane tsika yemangwanani uye yemanheru, uye vazhinji vanoteerera purogiramu yakanyatsonaka panguva yemasikati. Mune dzimwe nguva, chiitiko chacho hachisi chinoshamisa munzira imwe kana imwe. Apo munhu ane autism anokumbirwa kuti achinje chiitiro, mhinduro inogona kuva kunyanya kunetseka kana kutsamwa, kunyange kana munhu wacho akakwirira zvikuru.
Dzimwe nguva maitiro anoramba achitsungirira kana kuti asina kujeka ari pachena nokuti akacherechedzwa kana asina kujairika.
Kazhinji, zvisinei, kunyanya nekushanda kwakanaka kwevhisi, kushivirira hakugone kuonekwa kune munhu asingaoneki. Munhu ane autism anogona, somuenzaniso, kubvunza "Unofarira Marvel movies?" Paanonzwa kuti mhinduro ndeyekuti "hongu," munhu wega-autistic angabva amhanya nemutauro mumwechete pamusoro pe Iron Iron iyo yave ichimhanya katatu kare, mumashoko akafanana, pamwe chete nenzwi rimwe uye zviratidzo. Somubereki, iwe unogona kuziva mutauro wakadzoka mberi uye mberi, asi sewe shamwari itsva, iwe ungasatombocherechedza kudzokorora.
Kudzokorora Kudzokorora Zvinetso Here?
Zvechokwadi, maitiro ekutsungirira haasi oga kune vanhu vane autism.
Vanhu vazhinji vanoita mune dzimwe tsika dzakadaro. Kusungirirwa kwembambo, kubhururuka, peniki kana kuti zvigunwe zvekutsvaira, kuchenesa kubvumira, kana kunyange "chido" chekutarisa zviratidzo zveTV kana zviitiko zvemitambo zvisingaiti zvachose marudzi ose ekutsungirira.
Kune vamwe vanhu vane autism, dambudziko rekutsungirira harusi dambudziko zvachose, sezvo rinongomuka panguva imwe chete sezvingazoita kune vamwe vanhu (kazhinji vari pasi pedambudziko) uye maitiro anenge asina unobtrusive. Kutsungirira kunogona kunge kuwedzerwa kune vanhu vane autism, sezvo inogona kureva nechido chakasimba chinogona kutungamirira kune ushamwari kana kunyange mabasa. Mumwe munhu anotsungirira mukufarira kwake mumitambo yemakombiyuta, somuenzaniso, anogona kubatana nemakwikwi ekutamba kwaanozowana vamwe nechishuwo chakafanana.
Kune vanhu vazhinji vane autism, kunyange zvakadaro, kushivirira kana kudzokorora unhu hakusi kungovhiringidza kune vamwe, asiwo inzira huru yekukurukurirana nevamwe nekubatana munyika. Munhu anokanganisa maoko ake kubvisa chero chimwe chinhu chiri pachena kuti haakwanisi kupinda kune nyika yakamupoteredza kana kutora chikamu mumabasa chaiwo enyika. Uye kunyange pasina chinhu chakakanganisika nekutaura pamusoro penyaya imwechete nenzira yakafanana kakawanda, mufambiro wakadaro unogona kukonzera matambudziko akasiyana-siyana evanhu uye anoshanda.
Zvinokonzera uye Kurapa Kwekudzokorora Zvinyorwa mu Autism
Hapana anoziva chaizvoizvo chinokonzera kushivirira kune vanhu vane autism, kunyange kune zvinyorwa zvakasiyana-siyana. Zvichienderana nedzidziso iyo iwe unofunga, iwe unogona kusarudza kurapwa kumwe (kana pasina mushonga zvachose). Zvechokwadi, kana mufambiro uine ngozi kana kuti hune ngozi hunofanira kuchinjwa. Mimwe mishonga yakanyatsotsvakurudzwa kupfuura vamwe, asi vose vakabudirira nevamwe vanhu uye vashoma kubudirira nevamwe. Semuyenzaniso:
- Kana iwe uchitenda kushivirira ihutano hwehutano, iwe unogona kushandisa maitiro ekuzvibata (mibayiro uye, pane dzimwe nguva, migumisiro) ku "kudzima" mararamiro.
- Kana iwe uchida kuzvidzokorora mafambiro ndiyo nzira yekuzvigadzirisa inoshandiswa kudzivisa kunze kwechikonzero chinokurudzira, iwe unogona kushandisa maitiro ekubatanidza kunzwisisika kuti ubatsire munhu wega kuzvidzikama uye kuti adzokere zvakare pfungwa yekudzora.
- Kana iwe uchidavira kutsungirira ndiko kuratidzwa kwezvakanaka kune mumwe munhu ane autism, iwe unogona kushandisa nzira dzokurapa dzakadai sedare Floortime kana SonRise kushamwaridzana nemunhu mumwechete uye kumubatsira kuti atende zviito zvekutsungirira mumabasa anokosha. Semuenzaniso, munhu anokonzera mitambo yemotokari anowanzoita kuti zviito zvake zvakadzokorora zvive mufananidzo wokufananidzira, uye anogona kunyange kuvakira pane zvaanoda kutsungirira kuti awedzere ruzivo rwemagariro evanhu.
- Kana iwe uchitenda unhu hunotsungirira hunokonzerwa nekuzvidya mwoyo kana kemikemikari kana chirwere chepfungwa, iwe unogona kuedza kudzora maitiro kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwe pharmacotherapy.
Shoko kubva
Somubereki, unogona kunyara kana kuregwa nemitadzo yekudzokorora kwemwana wako. Vasati vatora chiito "kuvadzivisa", zvakadaro, zvakakosha kunzwisisa chinangwa chavanoshumira. Kana ivo vachibatsira mwana wako kuti arambe akadzikama, gadzirisa zvinetso zvako , kana kuti zvisati zvaita zvido zvekugara kwezuva nezuva, iwe unoda kutsigira mwana wako sezvaanochinja kana kuwedzera pane zvaanoita. Izvozvo zvinogona kureva kuwana chiremba kushanda nemwana wako, kana kugadzirisa mamiriro ekumwana wako kuita kuti zvive nyore.
> Sources:
> BA Boyd et al. Zvinhu zvinozivikanwa uye zvinodzokorora maitiro kune vana vane autism uye kunonoka kukura. Autism Res. Apr; 3 (2): 78-87. (2010)
> Kirby, Anne V., et al. "Kuzvibata uye kudzokorora maitiro pakati pevana vane autism spectrum disorder kumba." Autism 21.2 (2017): 142-154.
> Schertz, Hannah H., et al. "Mubereki-Akadzokorora Kudzokorora Kwavana Vechidiki paVistism Spectrum." Zvinyorwa zveAvism uye zvinetso zvekusimudzira 46.10 (2016): 3308-3316.