Sphincters inokosha, misungo yakatenderera inozarura uye inogadzirisa dzimwe nhengo dzomuviri. Kazhinji kazhinji, chiito che sphincter ndechokutonga chikamu chemwe rudzi rwemvura, yakadai se bile, urini kana fecal nyaya.
Chiito che sphincters chinogona kuitika zvisingaiti nehurongwa hwehutongi hwezvigadziro kana kuti inogona kunge iri pasi pechimwe chekuzvidavirira kuburikidza nehutano hwemanzwiro.
Kana sphincter inorasikirwa nenzwi remusana kana ine inzwi rakawanda (spasticity), zviratidzo uye / kana zvirwere zvinogona kutevera, zvakadai sekuchengetedza urinary uye chikwata uye fecal incontinence .
Digestive System Sphincters
Upper Esophageal Sphincter
The upper esophageal sphincter (UES), iyo inozivikanwawo seyo inferior pharyngeal sphincter, inogona kuwanikwa pamagumo epa pharanx, iyo inochengetedza mukova weiyo inophagus. IUE inogona kushandiswa pakudzivirira mweya kuti irege kupinda muhuputi patinofema uye kudzivirira kudya kubva pakudikanwa mumaturakiti edu ekufema. Becauese yaro, iUES inobatanidzwawo mu burping nekurutsa. Kushaya kushanda kweUES, sechikamu chezvirwere zvegastroesophageal reflux , (GERD) inogona kukonzera asidi kukwira mumutsipa kana mumhepo.
Lower Esophageal Sphincter
The Lower esophageal sphincter (LES), inozivikanwawo sepadincter's cardiac, iri pasi pechipupuriro iyo inosangana nemudumbu.
Zvinonyanya kushanda ndezvekutendera kuti zvokudya zvipfuure zvichibva mudumbu kusvika mudumbu, kubvumira mweya kutiza kubva mudumbu kana kubvongodza, nekudzivirira dumbu reAidhiya kubva kushambidza zvakare kusvika mune sophagus. Kushanda kweLS ndechimwe chezvinhu zvinokonzera GERD.
Pyloric Sphincter
I-pyloric sphincter iri pakati pemudumbu uye duodenum, iyo ndiyo chikamu chokutanga chemukati mudumbu .
I-pyloric sphincter inotanga kubvumira kudya kwechingwa (chyme) zvishoma kudarika kubva mudumbu kusvika ku duodenum kuti iwedzere kudya uye kunwa kwezvimiti mumuviri.
Sphincter of Oddi
Sphincter yeOdidi (SO) inowanikwa pane iyo yakazara bile duct uye pancreatic duct inosangana ne duodenum. IWO inotanga mushure mokunge taidya kuitira kuti tibvumira bile kubva ku gallbladder, uye enzyme kubva pane pancreas, kupinda mu duodenum kuitira kuti tibvise zvigadzirwa zvekudya zvekudya mumuviri. Sphincter ye Oddi dysfunction (SOD), chirwere chisingawanzwisisiki chetano, izvo zvinogona kukonzera zvikamu zvekutambudzika mubhokisi.
Ileocecal Sphincter
The ileocecal sphincter iripo apo musikana muduku uye musangano mukuru unosangana. Izvo hazvisi zvakawanda zvinozivikanwa pamusoro peiyi sphincter, kunze kwekuti inofungidzirwa kudzinga chyme kubva kumagumo emucheche muduku, (the ileum) mumatumbo makuru. Iaocecal sphincter inogona kuita basa mukudzivirira mabhakitiriya kubva mumuviri mukuru kubva pakuronga mumucheche muduku, chirwere chehutano chinozivikanwa sechidiki chemukati bhakitiriya .
Anal Sphincter
The anal sphincter iri pamagumo emagetsi, uye naizvozvo pamagumo emakumbo ekudya.
Mucherecheche wakareruka anotonga nzira yekubudiswa kwechigaro. Iyo ine zvose mukati nekunze chikamu. Iyo mukati sphincter iri pasi pekutonga kusingabatsiri (uye naizvozvo inodzivirira chigamba kuti irege kubuda), nechokunze che sphincter chinonyanya pasi pekuzvidira kutonga, nekudaro kubvumira kufamba kwechirwere. Kushanda kwebasa rinonzi sphincter kunogona kukonzera kuregererwa kwechirwere, chirwere chehutano chinonzi fecal incontinence .
Zvimwe Sphincters
Urethral sphincter: Iyo inozivikanwawo se sphincter urethrae, iyi sphincter inodzora kubata uye kubuda kwemuti. Sezvakaita anal sphincter, the urethral sphincter ine zvose mukati uye kunze kwemasumbu, ayo anowirirana zvikuru pasi pekuzvipira uye kuzvipira.
Iris sphincter: Inonziwo pupillary sphincter kana sphincter pupillae. Iyi sphincter inodzora kugumisa kwevadzidzi muziso.
Kunobva:
Minocha, A. & Adamec, C. (2011) The Encyclopedia of the Digestive System uye Digestive Disorders (2nd Ed.) New York: Facts on File.
"Upper Esophageal Sphincter" Motokari Basa reParrynx, Esophagus, uye Sphincters. Book Excerpt pane PubMed.