Kunyange zviri pachena X-rays inobatsira zvirwere zvekufungidzira kuongorora zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvehutano, vanachiremba vanowanzodikanwa zvakanyanya kuongororwa mifananidzo yekurapa mifananidzo yekuvabatsira kuti vaone chikonzero chezvirwere zverwere. Computed tomography (CT) uye magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) inogona kushandiswa pakuongorora nekuongorora .
Mune miviri miviri, murwere anorara patafura iyo inotungamirirwa kuburikidza nechimiro chakafanana nemifananidzo sezvo zvifananidzo zviripo.
Asi pane kusiyana kukuru pakati pe CT uye MRI.
Computed Tomography (CT)
MuT CT scan, X-ray danda rinotenderera mumuviri wemurwere. Ikombiyuta inotora mifananidzo yacho uye inogadzirisa zvikamu zvemuviri. CT inoongorora inokwanisa kupedzerwa mudiki zvishoma semaminitsi mashanu, ichiita kuti ive yakakodzera yekushandiswa mune dhipatimendi rekukurumidzira.
A CT scan inowanzoshandiswa kune zvikwata zvemuviri zvinotevera uye kusakanganisika:
- Uropi hunoita hutachiona kubva pakurohwa kana kushungurudzika
- Bony zvivako
- Kubatana kwepulmonary - blood clot mumapapu
- Mapungiro, mimba uye mapfupa
- Kidney stones
A CT kuongororwa inoshandiswawo kutungamirira kuiswa kwetsono panguva yebiopsy yemapapu, chiropa kana dzimwe nhengo.
Mune zvimwe zviitiko, dhayi yakasiyana inopiwa kumurwere kunatsiridza kuonekwa kwezvivako zvimwe panguva yeT CT scan. Kusiyana kunogona kupiwa mukati, mumuromo kana kuti neemaema. Kusiyana kwakasiyana-siyana hakushandiswi nevarwere vane chirwere chakakosha chepfungwa kana kuti kutarisa kune kusiyana.
CT inoshandisa kushandisa ionizing rayation kuti inotora mifananidzo. Izvi zvinokonzera kuwedzera kuduku muhupenyu hwehupenyu hwomunhu hwese hwekuva nemukenza. Mhinduro kune mazai eoni inopesana pakati pevanhu. Mazaiyo aya ane riskier muvana. Somuenzaniso, chidzidzo chakatungamirirwa naPurofesa Mark Pierce weYunivhesiti yeNewcastle, UK, akaratidza kusangana pakati pehutachiona kubva kuC sc scans uye neukweukemia nemakumbo emakumbo muvana.
Zvisinei, vanyori vanocherechedza kuti kuwandisa kwakakwana kune ngozi, uye kazhinji, zvikwereti zvepiriniki zvinopfuura zvikwereti.
Uyezve, sezvo teknolojia yakagadziridzwa, chiyero chemazuva anodiwa nokuda kweT CT scan chakatapudzwa. Panguva imwecheteyo, huwandu hwekufungidzira huri nani. Zvimwe zvizvarwa zvinotevera zvinogona kuderedza kusvibiswa kwemhepo kusvika kusvika 95 kubva muzana zvichienzaniswa nemichina yemagetsi CT. Vanowanzova nemitsetse yakawanda ye-X-ray detectors uye vanobvumidza kukurumidza kufungidzira nekubata nzvimbo huru yemuviri panguva imwechete. Semuenzaniso, CT coronary angiographies iyo inoongorora mitsetse yemoyo inogona kutora mifananidzo yemoyo wose muine mwoyo umwechete kana ukashandisa inozha teknolojia.
Uyezve, kuchengetedzwa kwemazizi uye kujekesa mazai zvakakurukurwa zvakanyanya. Misangano miviri inoshandiswa pakuzivisa ndeye Image Gently Alliance uye Mufananidzo Nokuchenjera. Mufananidzo Unonyanya kunetseka nekugadzirisa madhiyabhorosi emitambo yevana, nepo Image Zvichenjeri zvinoparidzira dzidzo iri nani pamusoro pekushandiswa kwemairasi uye kutarisa zvinetso zvakasiyana zvine chokuita nemirairo yehutachiona hwekufananidza mifananidzo yekufananidzira. Dzidzo dzinoratidzawo kukosha kwokukurukurirana nezvengozi dzehutachiona nevarwere; semurwere, iwe unofanirwa kunge uchibatanidzwa mukugadzirisa kugadzirisa maitiro.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Kusiyana neTCT, MRI haina kushandisa ionizing miviri. Nokudaro, iyo nzira inofanirwa yekuongororwa kwevana uye zvikamu zvemuviri hazvifanirwe kujekeswa kana zvichibvira, somuenzaniso, mazamu uye mapfupa muvakadzi.
Pane kudaro, MRI inoshandisa magnetic masikati uye redhiyo mafungu kuwana zvifananidzo. I-MRI inogadzira zvidhori zvakasiyana-siyana muzviyero zvakasiyana-kureva, kupfuura hupamhi, urefu uye kukwirira kwemuviri wako.
MRI yakanyatsokodzera kuongorora zvivako zvemuviri zvinotevera nekusawirirana:
- Kukuvadza kune tete uye mitsipa inopoteredza mazamu akafanana nemabvi kana mapfudzi. (Teton inobatanidza musero kusvika pfupa kuitira kuti tifambe mapfupa.) Mushonga unobatanidza pfupa nefupa kuitira kuti ugadzikane pamwe chete.) Somuenzaniso, chiremba anogona kuraira MRI kana mumwe munhu ane zviratidzo kana zviratidzo zvegomba rinoputika mumabvi.
- Mutsara wemakumbo matambudziko, akadai se disc heniated kana spinal stenosis
- Zvinetso zvehupfungwa, zvakadai sechirwere, utachiona, kurohwa kwekare uye multiple sclerosis
- Osteomyelitis (chirwere chisingaperi chemapfupa)
MRI mishonga haisi yakawanda seye CT makirini, naizvozvo kazhinji kazhinji pane nguva refu kumirira asati awana MRI. Chirwere cheMRI chinodhura. Kunyange zvazvo CT scan inogona kupedzwa mumaminitsi mashoma mashanu, miedzo yeMRI inogona kutora maminitsi makumi matatu kana kupfuura.
Mamiriyo eMRI ari mheremhere, uye vamwe varwere vanonzwa sarfrorobicbic munguva dzeongororo. Mishonga inoratidzira kunyora kana kushandiswa kwemichina "yakazaruka" MRI inogona kubatsira varwere kunzwa kunzwa vakasununguka.
Nemhaka yokuti MRI inoshandisa magetsi, nzira yacho haigone kuitirwa varwere vane mamwe marudzi emashonga ematare akaiswa, zvakadai semagetsi, mapenzi emagetsi emwoyo, masheti emascular kana aneurysm clips.
Dzimwe MRIs dzinoda kushandiswa kwegadolinium sechinhu chinopesana chinonzi dye. Gadolinium inowanzochengetedza kupfuura zvinyorwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoshandiswa kuC CT zvinogona kuve zvinokuvadza kune varwere vari pa dialysis yehupi kusakundikana.
Izvino zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvinoitawo kuti MRI scanning inogona kuitika kune hutano mamiriro apo MRI yakanga isati yakakodzera. Somuenzaniso, muna 2016, masayendisiti anobva kuna Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Center muUnited States akatanga nzira inoverengeka inogona kugonesa kufungidzira kwemapapu. Iyo nzira inoshandiswa yakarapwa krypton gasi sechinhu chisingawaniki chakasiyana uye chinonzi Inhaled Hyperpolarised Gas MRI. Varwere vanoda kuisa iyo gasi mune fomu yakanatswa, iyo inobvumira kugadzirwa kwemufananidzo weHD-high resolution ye mapapu avo. Kana zvidzidzo zvemuitiro uyu zvichibudirira, itsva yeMRI teknolojia inogona kupa vanachiremba mifananidzo yakavandudzwa yezvirwere zvemapapu, zvakadai sa asthma uye cystic fibrosis. Mamwe magasi anoyevedza ave akashandiswawo muhuwandu hwe hyperpolarized, kusanganisira xenon uye helium. Xenon zvakanaka zvinoregererwa nemuviri. Iyo inodhura kupfuura helium uye inowanika zviripo. Yakave ichinyanya kushandiswa pakuongorora mapapu ekushanda kwemaitiro uye kushandiswa kwemafuta mukati mealveoli (maduku maduku emhepo mumapapu). Nyanzvi dzinofanotaura kuti kushandiswa kwemavara asingashandisi maitiro kunogona kuratidza kuti kwakanakisa kumagadzirirwo emifananidzo ekugadzira uye kushanda kwebasa. Vanopa ruzivo rwepamusoro pamusoro pebasa uye sarudzo yemapapu, inowanikwa panguva imwe chete yekufema.
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