Kunzwisisa Ngozi uye Zvaunogona Kuita
Usaita chikanganiso pamusoro pazvo, zvakanaka kuti uve muduku. Inguva muhupenyu kuti uongorore kuti uri ani uye kuti chii chaunoda kuva. Izvi ndezvekutora njodzi, kuita zvikanganiso nekuita mumitambo yekufambisa iyo inhengo yerudzi rwemarudzi ose. Zvakatora kubata hupenyu nemaoko maviri, zvakakwana uye usingafungi.
Asi mumumvuri weHIV , mitemo yakangoerekana yachinja here?
Zvinokonzerwa neHIV muVaduku
Pachiso chezvinhu, nhamba dzinoita sedzinotaura ivo pachavo. Maererano neCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), inenge 26 muzana yevana 50 000 veAmerica vanotapukirwa gore roga roga neHIV vari pasi pezera remakore makumi maviri nemaviri. Wedzera kune icho icho icho 60 muzana yevechidiki vane utachiona havatombozivi nezvehutano hwavo, uye vari vasingazive kupfuurira hutachiwana kune vamwe.
Asi nhamba dzacho dzoga dzinongoratidzika pachena kuti chinetso chacho ndechipi. Kutaura nezvehutachiwana hwekudzivirira hutachiwana hweHIV kunowanzotarisana nekufamba mune imwe nzvimbo yezvematongerwo enyika emakadhi. Inobata pamaitiro ehutano uye zvepabonde, zvipenyu zvezvinhu, hukama hwehutano uye humwe humwe humwe humwe zvinhu, imwe neimwe yakarongeka zvakatarisana neyotevera. Tug imwe nyaya inozvidzivirira, uye iyo yose yakagadzikana.
Kuputsa Nhamba
Kuvaka nzira inozivikanwa ndiyo inokosha yekukunda izvi, uye inotanga kuburikidza nekuputsa zvakanaka nhamba kuti ione nzvimbo dzengozi huru.
Mukurongedza kunoenderera mberi neU.S. Centers for Disease Control, vatsvakurudzi vakatarisa vechidiki zvirwere muAmerica uye vakakwanisa kuziva kuti:
- Inenge 85 kubva muzana yehutachiona hwehutachiona huri kuburikidza nekuita zvepabonde.
- Utachiona hwekushandisa mushonga wezvinodhaka hunomhanya kubva pane zvinomwe kusvika ku12 muzana
- Vanhurume vechidiki vanomiririra vanenge 60 muzana yehutachiona hutsva.
- Pamakondomu evanhu, 75 muzana ndevamwe varume vanoita zvepabonde nevarume (MSM) .
- Pamusoro peSMSM zvirwere, 14 muzana ndeyeAfrica American uye vanomwe muzana ndivo Latino.
- African Youth youth inodarika makumi mashanu kubva muzana zvehutachiona hutsva.
- Latinos uye veAfrica America vanowanzova nehutachiwana kuburikidza nehutachiona hwekushandisa zvinodhaka kupfuura vatsvene.
Kutambura Kunoita Kuti Vechiduku Vari Pangozi
Asi iyi haisi iyo nyaya inomira. Kutungamira idzi nhamba kune dzimwe nhubu dzehutano uye zvechipatara zvinowedzera mikana yekutapukirwa kweHIV-kunyanya "masimba" kunze kwekuti isu tine simba shoma semunhu mumwe nomumwe. Mukuru pakati pavo:
- Urombo hunoramba huchikosha muhuwandu hwedwere huri pakati pemapurani ane urombo, uko kusina kukwanisa kuwana rubatsiro rwehutano rwevanhu, mabasa, kutsigirwa, nekuparidzira.
- Kunyange zvazvo uwandu hwehurombo huri huwandu hukuru kune veAfrica America kunze kwevatsvene, zvakakosha kuona kuti mukana wehutachiona pakati pemapoka evanhu varombo-angava machena, Latino kana African American-zvakafanana zvakafanana. Marudzi haatambi chikamu.
- Nzira yekufambisa inobata basa guru muhutachiona hwehutachiwana pakati pevana vechidiki veMMM, kana vachiona sevanhurume, vakaroorana kana kuti kwete. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nezviitiko zvakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira kutya kwekuzarura uye nehuwandu hwekutsvaga kuburikidza nehupombwe husina kudzivirira .
Saizvozvowo, vakadzi vaduku vane dambudziko guru reHIV kupfuura vakadzi vakuru nekuda kwemamwe masero emakona anenge ari mumuromo wechibereko . (Pashure pemakore ekupedzisira, masero aya anononoka kuchinjwa nemumwe munhu anokanganisa, akawandisa masero machena.)
- Kugamuchirwa kwevanhu munharaunda dzepabonde nevarume vakwegura kunowedzera kukonzera nyaya mune dzimwe tsika, sezvo varume vakwegura vane mikana yekutapukirwa neHIV. Zvose izvi zvinokonzerwa nehutachiona ndezvikonzero zviviri zvekuti vasikana vechidiki vanowanzobatwa nehutano muzera rekare kupfuura varume vaduku.
- MuUnited States, inenge 25 muzana yezviitiko zvinorondedzerwa zvezvirwere zvepabonde (STDs) zvinoitika pakati pevechidiki. Mishonga inokonzerwa nehutachiwana hwehutachiona hweHIV .
- Kutya kushorwa , kushungurudzwa, uye kuvimba kwevanhu vanoendesa vana vanotumira vechidiki vakawanda pasi pevhu, kudzivirira kuti vasatsvake kutarisira uye kurapwa kwavanoda. Izvi zvinowanzokonzera kuora mwoyo uye kushandisa zvinodhaka, zvinogonawo, zvinotungamirira kune zvinoitika zvehutano hwepabonde hwepamusoro
- Doro uye kushandisa zvinodhaka zvinoramba zviri dambudziko kumapoka ose, kuderedza kusagadzikana uye kushungurudza kutonga. Kuwanda kwekristal methamphetamine mumharaunda yevarume, kunyanya, kwakabatanidzwa kune 250 muzana mukuru wehutachiwana hwehutachiona.
Maonero Evechidiki Nezve HIV
Asi rimwe dambudziko mukudzivirira kweHIV ndiyo mafungiro ehuduku hwedu. Mune tsvakurudzo yakareba kwazvo, yenyika yakaitwa neKaiser Family Foundation, vatsvakurudzi vakawana izvozvo
- Vatatu pavashanu vakapindura vakataura kuti kunonoka zvepabonde kwaiva "pfungwa yakanaka, hapana anozviita."
- Mumwe wevatanhatu anotenda kuti kune dzimwe nguva kuita zvepabonde zvisina kudzivirira "hakusi iyo huru yekutengeserana."
- Vatatu muvashanu vakaratidza kuti ivo kana kuti mumwe wavo vakave nekuita pamuviri vanotya.
- 70 muzana vanoona nzira dzokudzivirira nadzo kuberekwa kunze kwemakondomu se "kuita zvepabonde zvakachengeteka."
- 50 muzana vanoona makondomu sechiratidzo chekusatenda, kusavimbika kana kusavimbika .
- 20 muzana vanotenda kuti munogona kutaurira mumwe munhu ane HIV kuburikidza nokutarisa kwavari.
Chakanga chichikurukura, zvichida, ndechekuti vashomanana vevechidiki vakaongororwa vakambobvunzurudza nezveHIV / AIDS pamwe chete nevanoita zvepabonde, pasinei nekuti vanopfuura 75 muzana vakati vanoda imwe ruzivo
Nzira Dzinoshanda dzekudzivirira HIV muVaduku
Zvichipa nyaya dzakaoma, dzakabatana dzakabatana neHIV nevechidiki, zvakajeka kuti mhinduro yakarongeka inobatsira-kwete kungofanana nehutano hwehutano hwevanhu kunze kwehutano hwevanhu uye hwevanhu. Ndeapi makore ekuzivisa kwevanhu akatidzidzisa isu kuti kupera kwehutano kunoenderera mberi kwepamusoro pezita re "chii-kuita-uye-chii-kwete." Zvinoda kujekesa, kushivirira uye munhu-based based approach maererano nekunetseka uye nyaya dzomunhu iyeyo uye munhu iyeye oga.
Asi ngative vakatendeseka. Hapana nzira iyo isu, semunhu mumwe nomumwe, tinogona kutofunga kuti tigone kukunda nyaya dzakadai seurombo uye kutarisira kutarisira. Uye hapana chivimbiso chokuti kukurukurirana kwose munyika kunodzivirira mumwe munhu kudzivisa njodzi dzose nguva yose.
Muzvokwadi, tose zvedu tinokwanisa kunyanya kufunga pamusoro pedu isu nevaya varipoteredza. Uye hazvisi zvakawanda nezvekuisa zviratidzo zvekunyevera. Izvo zvine chokuita nokunzwisisa mamiriro ehupenyu mumarudzi ayo ose; uko kunobva kune uye kuti zvingatiita sei kuti tive nengozi.
Ndizvo chete "kubatanidza dots" -kutsvaga njodzi maererano nemafungiro uye mafungiro evanhu-kuti tinogona kutanga kutanga kusarudza zvakanaka.
Zvaunogona Kuita Kuti Kuderedza Ngozi Iye zvino
- Tanga nekuwana chokwadi pamusoro peHIV / AIDS, zvepabonde zvakachengeteka, kubata pamuviri , kushandiswa kwekondomu , etc. Dzidza iwe pachakutanga, uchitsvaka mazano uye zvinyorwa kubva pane zvakavimbika, zvinovimbika.
- Iva pachena iwe pachako kubva pakutanga kuti zvikanganiso zvinoitika . Vashandise kuti vanzwisise kuti sei uye nei sei kukanganisa kwakaitika (semuenzaniso wewaini, kushamwaridzana nevezera rako) uye kutsvaga nzira dzokuti usadzoke zvakare.
- Kushungurudzika kunowedzera kuchinja. Hazvirevi nezve "kutendeuka pane rimwe jasi idzva rose," asi pane kujekesa kuchinja kwechokwadi kunogona kuitwa kuti udzikise hupenyu hwemunhu.
- Edza kudzivisa matanho uye zvikamu paunenge uchikurukura nezveHIV. Kune vamwe, chikamu chemazana makumi matatu chechimwe chinhu chinokanganisa ndicho chinhu chimwechete se 70% mukana wekuti hazvizoitiki.
- Kana pane dambudziko nemishonga, doro, kana kuora mwoyo, itai nazvo pakutanga. Pasi pepamusoro: hapana nzira chaiyo yekuita mutongo unonzwisisika kusvikira nyaya idzi dzichitaridzwa.
- Somubereki, edza kuisa mitambo yekukurukurirana pamusoro pepabonde pamakore ekutanga. Nguva dzose chinangwa chekutaura zvakananga, uye chengetedza kusanzwisisika kwako pachako kuti usapfuurire kuvana vako.
- Bvisa taboo kana chero "zvisingaoneki" mavara kubva pane hurukuro pamusoro pepabonde kana kushandisa zvinodhaka. Zviri nani kuti mumwe munhu akudane kwauri kana pane dambudziko pane kutya kutya kwako kana vari mumatambudziko. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika kana zvasvika kune nyaya dzevakomana kana vanhurume pabonde. Pasinei netsika kana zvitendero, hazvisi nyore kugadzirisa kuderedza njodzi kana chimwe chinhu chiri "kubviswa patafura."
- Paunenge uine hurukuro pamusoro peHIV, edza kusaita munhu ane mibvunzo se "Iwe iwe ...?" kana "Waka ...?" Pane kudaro, chengetedza hurukuro yazaruka nekubvunza, "Unonzwisisei nezve ...?" kana "Iwe unonzwa sei pamusoro ...?"
- Kana zvasvika pakusangana nevezera rako, edza kushanda pamwe chete pakugadzira nzira. Vechidiki vanowanzotaura kuti vanopedzisira vava kudzvinyirirwa nevezera ravo nokuti "havazivi chekutaura."
- Ichishanda nesimba muzvirongwa zvezvidzidzo zveHIV kuchikoro uye munzvimbo dzevechidiki. Iva "kuzivikanwa" vanhu vanogona kutendeukira kune.
- Uye pakupedzisira, CDC inokurudzira kuti vechidiki vari pangozi pakati pezera remakore gumi nemasere kusvika ku24 vanoongororwa nezveHIV neSDD kamwe chete panguva yekuongorora. Kuita zvepabonde MSM inofanira kuongororwa kamwechete kamwe pagore.
> Sources:
> Buchacz, K .; McFarland, W .; Kellogg, T., et al. "Amphetamine kushandiswa kunobatanidzwa nekuwedzera kweAIDS pakati pevarume vanoita zvepabonde nevarume muSan Francisco." AIDS. Svondo 2001; 19 (13): 1423-1424.
> Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). "Chiitiko cheHIV pakati pevarume vechidiki vanoita zvepabonde nevarume - maguta manomwe eNU, 1994-2000." Kushungurudza uye Kufa Vhiki Yevhiki. June 1, 2001; 50 (21): 440-4.
> CDC. "Kuchengeta zvirwere zvakavanzika." Tendai mumadzinza eUnited States, 2000. " Atlanta: US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC; 2000.
> Hader, S ;; Smith, D .; Moore, J. et al. "Utachiwana hweHIV muVasikana muUnited States." Nyaya yeAmerican Medical Association. 2001; 285 (9): 1186-1192.
> Kaiser Family Foundation. "Ongororo Yenyika Yevaya Vari Kuyaruka Nevechiduku Vechidiki: Utano hwepabonde, Zivo, Maitiro uye Zviitiko." May 19, 2003. Kuparidzirwa 3218