Kushandiswa kweMeth kunobatanidza neHigh Rates yeHIV uye Hepatitis C
Methamphetamine (inowanzonzi crystal meth) inobva mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzisingatarisirwi. Vatyairi vemauto vanozivikanwa kuti vakashandisa amphetamines munguva yehondo kuti varambe vakamuka panguva dzavo dzakare kure kureva kuputira mabhomba. Gare gare, vatengesi venguva refu vanowanzoenda kune mishonga kuti vabvumire kuti varege kumira kumhenderekedzo kumhenderekedzo.
Pakazosvika makumi ma1960, hutano hwemagariro ehutano hwakashandura kushandiswa kwemamphetamine sechirwere chekuvaraidza chekusarudza.
Mitemo ine simba yemishonga mumakore ekuma1970 yakaita kuti zvinyanye kuoma, uye kwenguva pfupi yakaita sokunge kuti amphetamine yakanga isingachaperi.
Yakanga iine makore ekuma1980 chete apo kushandiswa kwemamphetamines kwakadzoka, zvikurukuru muhuwandu hwehuwandu hwemhepo yakadanwa inonzi methamphetamine. Yakaitwa mumitambo "meth labs," vashandi vose vaduku nevakuru, mumaguta uye kumaruwa, vakatanga kutora mishonga yakanga isingadhuri uye yakapa pfupi, yakasimba kwenguva refu.
Maererano nemashoko e2015 kubva kuNational Institute on Drug Abuse, vanopfuura 6 muzana yevanhu vakuru vanopfuura makore 26 vakashandisa kristal meth kamwechete munguva yeupenyu hwose, vachiiisa zvakanaka pamberi pe heroin (2.1 muzana) uye crack cocaine (4.1% ). Sezvo zvakadaro, crystal meth inowanzotaurwa nezve "mishonga yemuguta," iyo inowanikwa mumhuri yepamusoro-soro sezvairi mumugwagwa.
Chii chiri Crystal Meth?
Crystal meth ndiyo yakagadzirwa nemucheka mutsvuku wemafuta fomu ye amphetamines.
Kunyange zvazvo mhando yepamutemo yeamphetamines inoshandiswa zvikuru sechirwere chenguva pfupi chekurema, crystal meth inoshandiswa semutambo wemishonga nekuda kwekukwanisa kukwidziridza pfungwa, kuwedzera kukwidza kwepabonde nekuita kuti nguva refu inogara yakakwirira kupfuura imwe imwe yemugwagwa zvinodhaka.
Kana yakashandiswa (zvichida nekusvuta, kujova kana kuputika), vanhu vanogona kuenda kwemazuva vasina kurara uye kazhinji vanoita zvepabonde risina ngozi nekuda kwekudzivirira zvepabonde zvinodhaka zvinogona kugadzirwa.
Kunyange zvazvo chimiro chemutemo chechirwere chisina kunaka, kristal meth inogona kunhuhwa zvishoma neammonia nemhaka yemakemikari anoshandiswa pakugadzira.
Crystal Meth yakaitwa Sei?
Crystal meth "inogadzirwa" mumakwenzi emutemo asingashandisi kushandisa makemikari emumba uye zvinokonzerwa nyore nyore kutengesa mune zvezvokudya uye zvigadzirwa zvezvinhu, pamwe chete nemishonga yemishonga yakadai se pseudoephedrine . Iyo makemikari uye nzira dzinoshandiswa kugadzira kristal meth dzinonyanya kuoma, uye vanogadzira zvigaro vanowanzo pangozi yekuputika uye kukuvara pavanenge vachibika.
Ndeipi Ngozi dze Crystal Meth?
Crystal meth inodhakwa zvikuru, uye vanhu vakawanda vane kukura kwezvikanganiso pane nguva. Somugumisiro, zvinodhaka uye maitiro zvinowanzowedzera iyo munhu anoshandisa zvakanyanya, kwete kungoita zvakakosha zvakakwirira asi kudzivirira mafungiro emanzwiro anokwanisa kutevera kana chirwere chacho chigumiswa.
Mukuderera kwemasero, crystal meth inosimudzira pfungwa uye inoita kuti vashandi varambe vakasvinura. Mukudarika kwepamusoro, mishonga inokonzera kushevedzera uye euphoria. Pano iri, mutengo wemwoyo wemunhu uchawedzera uye kutonhora kwemuviri kunogona kukwira kune zvisina kunaka, zvinogona kunge zvinouraya mazinga. Nokufamba kwenguva, mushumiri anogona kuchinja, kushungurudzwa uye kuratidza unhu hunoshamisa uye hunotyisa.
Dzimwe nyanzvi dzinofunga kuti hazvigoneki kuti usapindwa muropa nekriststal meth, kana zvakadaro kana munhu achienda kujova mushonga.
Zvimwe zvidzidzo, chaizvoizvo, zvinoratidza kuti vanhu 9 pavatatu avo vanojoka vanogona kugoverwa kuchipatara sevanodhakwa.
Kunyange zvazvo avo vanosvuta kana kusvuta mishonga vanogona kutora nguva yakareba kuti vashandise, vazhinji vanopinda kujova (inozivikanwa se "slamming"). Kurambidzwa kusadzivirira kunowanzoita kuti kuve nekugoverana kunobatsira , izvo zvinowedzera huwandu hwehutachiona hutachiona, kusanganisira HIV uye hepatitis C.
Migumisiro yekushandisa kwenguva refu
Muviri unobereka zvinhu zviviri, dopamine uye norepinephrine, kuti uite muviri. Crystal meth inonyanya kukonzera mhedzisiro, zvichiita kuti huve nehupfumi.
Zvisinei, kunyanya kushandiswa kwekupedzisira "kunopisa" simba remuviri yekubudisa aya makemikari uye, panzvimbo pokusimudzira zvakanyanya, mushumiri achaona kuwedzera kuwedzera kwekushaya simba uye kuora mwoyo sezvo migumisiro yemishonga inopera.
Nenguva ino, zviratidzo zvinowanzoitika zvekudhakwa zvinoonekwa, kusanganisira:
- Iko "cryy breath" yekristini uye kunhuhwira kwemuviri, iyo yekupedzisira iyo inofuta reine kunyanya kana munhu achishuva.
- Kudengenyeka kusingadzorwi kwemuviri uye maziso eziso zvinosanganisira kushandiswa kwezvinodhaka. Kudzokorora kwemeno kunowanzoonekwa.
- Kuratidza kuora muviri uye kuparara kwemaziso kunowanzoonekwa muvanoshandisa nguva dzose, zvichienderana nechikamu chekuita mvura yakaoma asiwo kune nguva yakareba yemasero emagetsi anokonzera kuwedzerwa kwechigamba, pore blockage uye cavitation pedyo nemeso omunhu nematama.
- Kugoverwa kushandiswa kwesero kunowanzoitika mune staphylococcal (staph) zvirwere zvinoda kukurumidza kurapwa.
Chii Chingaitwa?
Matanho ari kutorwa kutarisana nekrisstal meth dambudziko, nekuwedzera kwehutano hwehutano hwevanhu huri pakati pevanhu vane hutachiwana hweHIV (kureva vechiduku , varume vanoita zvepabonde nevarume ). Dzimwe hurumende dzakaderedza kutengwa kwe-over-the-counter pseudoephedrine.
Mamwe mapoka ari kutendeukira kunzvimbo dzekutsvaga paIndaneti, inotarisana nepamusoro pezvikwata zve "gay" zvinokonzera gay apo kushandiswa kwekristall meth kunoparidzirwa kushandiswa pakati pevashandisi-vachishandisa mazwi akadai sePNP ("party and play"), "tweaking" (ari kumusoro), " pfungwa "(injecting), uye" chem sex "(kurara nemishonga).
Pasinei neizvi, kushandiswa kwekristal meth kuchiri kukwirira zvakanyanya nekupindira kunowanzoitika chete pashure pokunge utachiona hweHIV kana hepatitis C hwaitika. Kuedza kukuru kunofanira kutorwa kushandiswa kwekrisstal meth kushandiswa nevaduku, kusimbisa dambudziko rekushandiswa uye kuwanikwa kwezvirwere, asi mapoka ekutsigira nekushandisa zvinodhaka zvinoshandiswa pakushandiswa zvinodhaka kune avo vari kurwisana nemishonga.
Kuti uwane mushonga kana kudzivirira zvidzidzo zviri pedo newe, taura nharaunda yako yemaawa makumi maviri nemaviri eEIDS kana nzvimbo yako yepamunharaunda yehutano. Mishonga yezverapa inogona kuwanikwa pane zvinyorwa zvezvinodhaka zvekushandisa zvinodhaka uye nzvimbo dzisingabhadhara rehab.
Sources
Nzvimbo dzeDaase Control and Prevention (CDC). "Methamphetamine Use and Risk for HIV / AIDS." Atlanta, Georgia; rakabudiswa munaJanuary 2007.
> National Institute on Drug Abuse. "Ongororo Yenyika Yekushandisa Zvinodhaka uye Utano." Bethesda, Maryland; July 2015.