Miseve haisi iyo nzira chete yekutapukirwa
Vanhu vakawanda vanonzwisisa kuti Zika HIV inoparidzirwa nekurumwa kwemumonyo, uye iyo, kana yakarumirwa, utachiona hunogona kupfuudzwa kumwana asati aberekwa. Asi, haisi iyo chete nzira iyo utachiona hunogona kupararira. Uchapupu huri kuratidza kuti zvinoita kuti utapukidze hutachiona kubva kumunhu kumunhu kuburikidza nekuita zvepabonde zvisina kudzivirirwa uye kuti kunyange ropa rakapararira rinogona kuita kuti zvigone, kunyange zviduku, dambudziko.
Nokunzwisisa kuti Zika chirwere chinopedzisira sei, iwe unogona kunge uchikwanisa kuzvidzivirira uye vamwe kubva pane zvinokuvadza.
Dambudziko Rokutengesa Muchi
Zika utachiona inhengo yemhuri yehutachiona Flaviviridae uye yakabatana zvakanyanya kune mamwe mararami-anotakirwa mavhesi akaita seaya anokonzera dengue fever , yellow fever , uye Japanese encephalitis .
Iyo inonyanya kutakura utachiona, iyo Aedes aegypti mutezo, haina kujairika pakuti inonyanya kushanda panguva yemasikati. Inowedzera munzvimbo dzakasvibirira uye dzinotyisa uye inogona kuwanikwa mune zvakawanda zveSouth America, Central America, Central uye East Africa, India, Southeast Asia, nekuchamhembe kweAustralia. MuUnited States, umhutu hunowanikwa zvikuru pamwe chete neGulf Coast inosvika kubva kuFlorida kuenda kuTexas.
Miteko inoratidzika inowanzoitika mumwedzi yechando uye yezhizha apo zvipembenene zviri kukura. Zvinongotora imwe kuruma kuti utachiona uite. Kamwe kamwe masero echipoteredza akavharwa, chirwere chinogona kukurumidza kupinda mumaropa uye chinopararira mumuviri wose.
Kunyange zvazvo zviitiko zvizhinji zveZika zviri zvinyoro kana kuti zvisingatauriki (pasina zviratidzo), hutachiona hunogona, pane imwe nguva inowanzosangana, hunoita kukanganisa kwakakomba kunonzi Guillain-Barré syndrome umo muviri unorwisa masero emasero. Chirwere ichi chinotendwa chinokonzerwa apo chirwere cheZika chinopfuurira kweinopfuura kwevhiki uye chinopedzerwa nekugara kwefivha.
Kubata pamuviri
Kunyange zvazvo chirwere cheZika chinowanzova chidiki uye chisingazivikanwi, chinogona kuchinja zvakanyanya kana chichienda kumucheche unenge uchikura mumakore ekutanga ekudzivirira. Kunyange zvazvo masayendisiti asati achinzwisisa zvakakwana nzira yechirwere ichi, zvinoratidzika kuti hutachiona hunokwanisa kuputsa mapacenta munguva yekutanga kwemitatu yekutanga apo masero e fetal tsvuku achangotanga kunyanya kuongororwa muuropi, moyo, nezvimwe zvakakosha nhengo.
Utachiona 'huri pamasero aya hunogona kuparadza, zvichikonzera kusagadzikana kwakanyanya uye kuwedzera njodzi yekupererwa uye kusununguka. Chinonyanyisa kunetseka ndeye microcephaly , chinokanganisa uye chisingaregi kuberekwa chinokanganisa umo mwana anoberekerwa ane musoro asingazivi zvishoma uye uropi.
Ngozi ye microcephaly inoratidzika kuva yakakwana kune yekutanga katatu. Neyedzipiri neyechitatu mitatu, njodzi ichave yakaderera kusvika pedyo-isingaregereki, maererano nekutsvakurudza kubva kuCentral for Disease Control nekudzivirira.
Kakawanda, njodzi ye microcephaly mumimba inobata pamuviri inenge iri pakati pepfumbamwe uye 13 muzana. Hapana chimwe chinokonzera njodzi zvikonzero zvisati zvamboonekwa.
Kuita Zvepabonde Dambudziko
Nepo chirwere cheZika chinonzi chirwere chinotakurwa nemukonyo, kutarisa kwechirwere ichi kwakaratidza kuti zvimwe zvirwere zvakange zvaitika mumamiriro ekunze apo utsi hwekuputika hwaisingaiti.
Kupfuurira mberi kwakaratidza kuti zvizhinji zvezvipembenene izvi zvaiparidzirwa pakati pevabonde, uye kunyanya kubva kuvarume kusvika kuvakadzi.
Maererano nehuchapupu hwakabudiswa muNew England Journal of Medicine, chirwere cheZika chinokwanisa kuramba chiri mumhara kunyange kwenguva yakareba kudarika mamiko, zvichiwedzera kukwanisa kwekutengesa varume nevakadzi. Kusiyana neizvi, hutachiona hahugoni kubudirira mumate kana kuvhara mumadzimai, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kutumira utachiona kubva kuvarume kuvarume.
Kubva pauchapupu huripo, Zika chirwere chinogona kutapudzwa kubva kune mumwe achangobva kutapukirwa kuburikidza nemuromo, zvepabonde, kana zvepabonde kana akafanirwa kana pane zviratidzo kana kwete.
Kugovana zvevashandi zvepabonde kunogonawo kuisa njodzi.
Dambudziko Rokuisa Ropa
Iyo ngozi yokuti Zika chirwere chinokonzera kuwedzerwa ropa hakusi pachena. Nepo pave pane nhamba dzinoverengeka dzakatendeka muBrazil inobatanidza neplatelet transfusions (kazhinji inoshandiswa kurapa hemophiliacs kana vanhu vane chirwere chekenza chemotherapy), hakuna kumboitika zvimwe zvakafanana kune imwe nzvimbo.
Musi waAugust 26, 2016, US Food and Drug Administration yakabudisa mazano matsva pamusoro pekuongororwa kwezvipo zveropa muUnited States nhasi, chero chipo chipi chinotarisa kuti chinonzi chirwere cheZika chichabviswa kubva muropa.
Regional Risk
Maererano neshumo inobva kuWorld Health Organization (WHO), nyika yese 61 yakambova neZika kuparara pakati pe2007 ne2016. Izvi zvinosanganisira nzvimbo nhatu muUnited States dzakashungurudzwa ne 2016 kuputika: Brownsville, Texas, Miami-Dade County in Florida, uye Palm Beach County muFlorida.
WHO yakataura zvakare nezveZika-inobata zvirwere zvinokonzerwa munzvimbo dzinotevera:
- Zika-inobatanidza microcephaly yakashumirwa munyika 12 kana ndima: Brazil, Cabo Verde, Colombia, El Salvador, French Polynesia, Marshall Islands, Martinique, Panama, Puerto Rico, Slovenia, Spain, Venezuela, uye United States. Brazil inomiririra huzhinji hwezviitiko izvi. Kusiyana neizvi, United States yakashuma zvitatu.
- Zika-inosangana neGuillan-Barré syndrome yakamanikidzwa kune nyika 13: Brazil, Colombia, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, French Guiana, French Polynesia, Haiti, Honduras, Martinique, Panama, Puerto Rico, Suriname, uye Venezuela.
Zvichakadai, zvirwere zvisingaiti-mambuki (zvichida zvinotapurirwa zvepabonde) zvakashuma munyika gumi: Argentina, Canada, Chile, France, Germany, Italy, New Zealand, Peru, Portugal, uye United States.
> Sources:
> D'Ortenzio, E .; Matheron, S ;; Yazdanpanah, Y. et al. "Uchapupu hwekuita zvepabonde kweZika Virus." N Engl J Med. 2016; 374 (22): 2195-8. DOI: 10.1056 / NEJMc1604449.
> Johansson M .; Mier-Y-Teran-Romero, L .; Reefhuis, J. et al. "Zika uye njodzi ye microcephaly." N Engl J Med . 2016; 375: 1-4. DOI: 10.1056 / NEJMp1605367.
> Oster, A .; Brooks, J .; Stryker, J. et al. "Zvinyorwa Zvitsva Zvokudzivirira Kuita Zvepabonde Zika Virus - United States, 2016." MMWR. 2016; 65 (5): 120-1. DOI: 10.15585 / mmwr.mm6505e1.
> Paz-Bailey, G .; Rosenberg, E ;; Doyle, K. et al. "Kushivirira kweZika Virus muMutumbi Wemutumbi - Preliminary Report." N Eng J M. 2017. HERE: 10.1056 / NEJMoa1613108.
> World Health Organization. " Mamiriro Ehupenyu: Zika Virus, Microcephaly, Guillan-Barré syndrome. " Geneva, Switzerland; June 23, 2016.