India yakaona kubuda kweJapan Encephalitis (JE) muzhizha ra2014 nevakawanda kufa. Muna 2015, utachiona hwadzoka. Kunyange zvazvo kune chirwere, rufu rwakanga ruchibva kubva 41 muna 2010 kusvika 160 muna 2014, uye kuwedzera kwe5 kuwanda kwenhamba yezvakaitika mu Assam muNortheast of India. Ikoko kwaivawo nevanenge makumi matanhatu vakafa muWest Bengal.
Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze - nekupisa kwekukura nekuchinaya kwemvura - ingave yakawedzera JE kutengesa. Izvi zviri chikamu nokuti kutonhora kunotonhora kunobvumira kuti mupunga mukuru uwedzere, pamwe nemvura yakamira mumupunga wejisi, inotungamirira kune utsi huzhinji. Chirwere ichi chinoitika zvakare mushure megore ikozvino, sezvo Culex utsi hunopera kwenguva refu, kwete kubva muna May kusvika munaJuly, asi zvino kusvika munaNovember.
Dambudziko Rakaita Sei?
Vanhu vazhinji vanotapurirwa neJU havarwere. Iga 1% ine zviratidzo. Avo vanoita zviratidzo zvinowanzokurudzira mazuva 5-15 mushure mekurumwa kwemumonyo. Zviratidzo zvepakutanga zvinosanganisira fevha, musoro, kusuruvara.
Pamazuva mashomanana anotevera, vamwe vachawedzera zvirwere zvakakomba, zvinenge 1 mu 250. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kushaya simba, kunyange kuora mitezo, zvimwe zviratidzo zvehutano kana kufamba. Zviratidzo izvi zvinofanana neParkinson nemaso echando, kudengenyeka, uye kushamwaridzana (zvikurukuru cogwheel rigidity uye choreoathetotic movement).
Iko kunogona kuva nekuora mitezo - iyo yakaoma uye yakajeka uye saka inofanana neporiyo. Kukunda kunogona kuitika.
Chii Chinoitika?
Pakati peavo vanokura encephalitis, 20-30% vanofa. Pakati peavo vanopona, 30-50% vanoramba vachiine zviratidzo zvepfungwa / neurologic kana zvepfungwa.
Rinopararira Sei?
Utachiona hunopararira nekurumwa kwemumukwe, kunyanya kubva kuCulex tritaeniorhynchus uye Culex vishnui (zvikurukuru muIndia pamwe neSri Lanka neThailand).
Ichi chirwere chinowanikwa muSouth Asia neEast Asia. Chirwere ichi chinowanikwa munyika 24 muAsia uye neWestern Pacific iyo vanhu vanosvika mabhiriyoni matatu vanogara. Chirwere chacho hachiwanikwi munzvimbo dzakawanda dzemaguta, kunyanya munyika dzakadai seJapan apo dzave dzichitungamirirwa, pamwe chete neKorea uko kwave kuine hutachiona hwemahombekombe.
Munzvimbo dzakawanda, kutapurirwa kwemazuva - kwezhizha uye kuwa.
Utachiona hunochengeterwa utsi uye nguruve, pamwe chete nedzimwe shiri. Vanhu "vakafa kumagumo" zvinoreva kuti havagoni kuparadzira utachiona (sezvo hutachiona hwehutachiwana husinganyanyi kuderera muropa redu nokuda kwemumhutu kutumira kune ani zvake). Mabhiza uye dzimwe nguva zvipfuwo zvinokurawo zvirwere zvekupedzisira zvinouraya zvinogona kuva zvinouraya, asi izvo zvisingatauri utachiona. Pane kunetseka kuti nekuve nekurima kweguru pedyo nevanhu kuti tinopisa kuparadzira JE kune vanhu.
Inozivikanwa Sei?
Kuongororwa kunoitwa kuburikidza nekliniki yekuongorora uye nhoroondo uye zvino yakasimbiswa kuburikidza nekuongororwa kwe laboratory. Ropa kana cerebrospinal fluid inogona kuongororwa kumapurogiramu epakutanga (IgM) inoonekwa mazuva matatu kana matatu mushure mekunge chirwere chakatanga uye kupfuurira kusvika kumwedzi 1-3 kana kupfuura mushure mekunge chirwere chinotanga).
Irorebrospinal fluid icharatidzawo kukwirira kwepamusoro mumasero machena eropa (ane lymphocytes), kazhinji glucose, uye puroteni yakakosha.
Ropa richaratidza kukwirira kunononoka mumasero machena eropa, kudonha mumasero matsvuku eropa uye sodium. MRI inogona kuratidza kuchinja mune thalamus pamwe chete pamwe nebasal ganglia, midbrain, pons, uye medulla.
Pane Chirwere Here?
Pane chirwere. Mushonga wekuAmerica chirwere chechirwere chechipiri chakaiswa mazuva makumi maviri nemasere pamwe chete nechikamu chekupedzisira kwevhiki 1 kana kupfuura kupfuura kufamba. Inokurudzirwa chete kune avo vachave vachifamba kunze kwemaguta kwevanenge mwedzi mumwechete panguva yekutengesa kweJI gore. Iine mvumo kune avo vaviri mwedzi yezera nekure. Chirwere chinokurudzira chinogona kupiwa 1 gore gare gare kana pane kuenderera mberi kwekutsvaga kune avo vanopfuura makore gumi nemashanu, asi hazvina kujeka kana kuwedzera kunodiwa.
Kune dzimwe mishonga inoshandiswawo mumamiriro ekupedzisira.
Kune Mushonga Here?
Icho hachisi kunyatsorapwa. Hospitali yekuchengetedza rubatsiro (mvura, marwadzo anorwadza) inowanzodiwa.
Nzira Yokudzivirira Kurwisa:
- Dzivisa nzvimbo dzine hutachiona hunozivikanwa
- Shandisa zvipembenene zvinodhaka zvinosanganisira DEET
- Kupfekedza maoko emakore uye mapepa
- Iva nemushonga kana zvakakodzera
- Dzivisa kuenda panze dzimwe nguva apo paine mamiko akawanda
- Kurara pasi pemubhedha wemabhedha, shandisa air conditioning kana zvichibvira uye uvhare mahwindo uye zvikwangwani