Kufamba, kuronga mhuri, kana kuti pamuviri? Shandisa chirwere chepiritsi nemakondomu
Kana iwe uchigara munzvimbo dzakawanda dzekondinendi United States, mikana yekuve nehutachiona neZika virusi yakanaka kwazvo. Zvisinei, muFlorida muna 2016, paiva nemakumi maviri nemakumi maviri nemaviri ematambudziko eZika yakagadzirirwa mune imwe nzvimbo-chimwe chinhu chokuchengetedza mupfungwa kana iwe uchienda kumaodzanyemba kwekupera kwegore kana kuenda kune zororo nekufunga kutanga mhuri.
Iyi nhamba inoreva kuti vanhu 262 vakabata Zika vari kuFlorida uye kwete kubva kune dzimwe nyika muCaribbean, Central America, uye South America-iyo iri mumatambudziko ekudengenyeka uye uko hutachiona huri kuwanda.
Kuwedzera kuFlorida muna 2016, 224 vakadzi vane pamuviri vakaonekwa kuti vane Zika HIV.
Zvave zvichitaurirwa zvakanyanya kuti utachiona hweZika hutachiona panguva yekuzvitakura hunobatanidza nekuremara kwakanyanya kwekuzvarwa. Kunyanya zvakanyanya, Zika inogona kukonzera uropi husina kunaka mumatangwe. Chidzidzo chitsva chakabudiswa neCCDC inofungidzira kuti vakadzi vane Zika virusi kanomwe kazhinji vanokwanisa kubereka mwana ane matambudziko ekuberekwa. Tiri kutanga kuenzanisa migumisiro yeZika.
Zika Symptoms
Inenge 80 kubva muzana yevanhu vane utachiona hweZika huripo zviratidzo. Mune avo vanoita zviratidzo, Zika chirwere chinotyisa (fever) chirwere. Zvisinei, vakadzi vane pamuviri vane chirwere cheZika chirwere vanogona kuva nevana vane microcephaly, kana kuti maduku maduku, uye mamwe maitiro ehupfungwa pamwe nematambudziko eziso. Zvisinei, zvizere zvakakwana zvekuremara kwakadaro kwakadaro hazvizivikanwi. Saka, vakadzi vane pamuviri vanofanira kuchengetedza utachiona neZika HIV pane zvose.
Vakadzi vane pamuviri vanogona kutapukirwa neZika chirwere munguva ipi zvayo. Nhoroondo yedzinza reZika chirwere chevakadzi mune zvishoma. Nyaya, hapana humwe huripo hwekuti vakadzi vane pamuviri vanowanzopindwa muropa neZika kana kuti vane ruzivo rwezviratidzo zvakanyanya kudarika izvo zvinowanikwa nevaya vasina mimba.
Mune mamwe mazwi, Zika inogona kunyatsoratidza zvakafanana kuvakadzi vane pamuviri sevamwe, asi zvinokonzera kukanganisa kwakanyanya muvana vasina kuberekwa.
Kuwanda kweZika-Yakabatana Nezvokuzvarwa Kwezvakaipa
Kubudisa muHurumende uye Kufa Kwemavhiki Gwaro (MMWR) munaMarch 2017, vatsvakurudzi vakakwanisa kuenzanisa kuti mukadzi anokonzerwa neZika angangoberekwa sei kubereka mwana ane utachiona hwekuberekwa.
Vatsvakurudzi vekutanga vakashandisa pre-Zika deta kuti vadzokerezve zvakagadziriswa nheyo dzekuberekwa kwepabonde zvakafanana neavo vanoonekwa mumucheche akaberekwa navanaamai vane chirwere cheZika. Kunyanya, vatsvakurudzi vakaongorora kuwandisa kwematambudziko ekuberekwa muMassachusetts, North Carolina, neAtlanta, Georgia, pakati pe2013 na2014. Nhoroondo, nzvimbo idzi dzakasarudzwa nokuti dzinounganidza ruzivo rwakasimba uye ruzivo pamusoro pemhando dzose dzekuremara kwekuberekwa, izvo zvakatangira Zika outbreak.
Zvadaro, vatsvakurudzi vakaongorora kuwanda kwevana vakaberekerwa vanaamai vane utachiona pakati paJanuary 15 neSeptember 22, 2016, vachishandisa US Pregnancy Zika Registry.
Kuenzanisa pre-Zika uye nhoroondo-Zika, vatsvakurudzi vanoratidza kuti mikana yokuti amai vane utachiona vachaberekera mwana ane nhepfenyuro yekuzvarwa inenge ka20 zvakare.
Ichokwadi, kuenzanisa demo yenyika neCDC data hakusi kuenzanisa kwakakwana.
Kunyange zvakadaro, kuenzanisa kuchiri kunotipa pfungwa yakanaka yehukuru hwekuisa njodzi. Ichi chidzidzo chinosimbisawo kukosha kwekushandisa mabhizinesi ekuberekwa kusvika pakuzvarwa kwekuremera munguva ino itsva yeZika.
Maererano nevatsvakurudzi:
Iyi nhoroondo inoratidzira rutivi runokosha rwehuwandu hwevanhu hunoberekwa kutadza kukanganisa kuongororwa kunzwisiswa kukanganiswa kweZika utachiona hwehutachiwana panguva yekuzvitakura. Muna 2016, CDC yakapa mari yezvipatara zvemasango makumi maviri nemazana mashanu, masangano, uye masangano kuti zviitwe nekukurumidza kwevanhu vanocherechedza zvikanganiso zvingave zvakabatana neZika utachiona hwehutachiona, huchapa ruzivo rwakakosha kuti ruchengetedze kukanganiswa kwehutachiona hweZika muUnited States.
Kurwara Kubva Mumhutu
Zika chirwere chinoparadzirwa neAedes utsi, iyo inoruma masikati nousiku. Sezvo zvakadaro, hapana chirwere cheZika. Uye kana iwe uri nepamuviri kana kufunga nezvekuita pamuviri, iwe unofanirwa kunyatsongwarira kuti usapinda utachiona.
Kana iwe uri nepamuviri uye ugare mune imwe nzvimbo iyo Zika inoparidzirwa kune imwe nzvimbo kana kuti kuguma kuenda kune dzimwe nzvimbo paunenge uine pamuviri, zvakakosha zvikuru kuti urege kudzihwa neumhutu. Heano mamwe mazano ekuchengetedza mupfungwa:
- Kugadziriswa kwemaputi kunoderedza ngozi yaunotora. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) inoshandisa chigadzirwa chekutsvaga chinotarisa kuti chinokanganisa chinokodzera iwe. Uye CDC inokurudzira kuti kuti uzvidzivirire kubva kuZika, zvakanakisisa kushandura EPA-zvakanyoreswa kuzvidzivirira. (EPA-vanhu vanyoresa vanyoreswa vakaongororwa kuti vabudirire.) Paunenge uchishandisa chirwere chinoputika, nyatsotevera kutevera mazano pamusoro pekuvhara nekudzokorora sezvinodiwa. Uyezve, kana iwe uri kushandisa shisi yezuva, shandisa sunscreen pamberi pechirwere ichi.
- Iwe unogonawo kudzivisa kutonhora neumhutu nokubvisa mvura yose yakamira kubva munzvimbo yako yekugara. Aedes aegypti , rudzi rwemhutu hunonyanya kuparadzira Zika chirwere, unoda kubereka mumadziro akaumbwa nevanhu kana kuti ane mvura, semasipisi, makotani, zviputi zvemombe, mabhakiti, maruva, uye matairi. Izvozvo zvinomira mazai avo kune rumwe rutivi rwezvimedu uye mazai anoomerera kwavari seglue. Kuti abvise mazai, vanofanirwa kubviswa. Uyezve, mazai aya anogona kurarama kwemwedzi misere kana yakaoma. Apo mvura inoguma yakavhara mazai, mazai anovhunga uye anova vakuru mumaawa anenge vhiki. Kana iwe uchifanira kuchengeta mvura mumabhodhoro kana zvimwe zvinogadziriswa zvekupedzisira kushandiswa kana kushandiswa, iva nechokwadi chokuti zvinhu izvi zvakasimbiswa zvakanaka.
Chinonyanya kukosha, kana iwe usingararami mune imwe nzvimbo iyo chirwere cheZika chinopararira-mune mamwe mazwi, vazhinji veUnited States-iwe unofanirwa kudzivisa kuenda kune dzimwe nzvimbo apo Zika iri kupararira kana iwe uri pamuviri kana kufunga nezvekuita pamuviri. Iyi nzvimbo dzinosanganisira Mexico, The Bahamas, Dominican Republic, Brazil, Fiji, American Samoa, nezvimwe zvakawanda. Iyo CDC inopa mapeji akazara enyika dzose uko Zika inoparidzirwa kwayo.
Ndapota ramba uchifunga kuti Zika chirwere chinowanikwa kuti chinoparidzirwa mune dzimwe nzvimbo dziri muUnited States, zvakare. Kunyanya, vakadzi vane pamuviri vanofanira kudzivisa kuenda kuUnited Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico, Miami, uye Brownsville, Texas.
Kurwara Kubva pabonde
Zika utachiona hunogona kuparadzirwa kuburikidza nemukati, chirume, uye muromo wepabonde. Inogonawo kupararira kushandisa zvepabonde. Makondomu anogona kuderedza mukana wekutapukirwa. Ndapota cherechedzai kuti Zika chirwere chinogona kudarika kubva kune mumwe munhu kuenda kune imwe isati yatanga zviratidzo, panguva yekurwara, uye kunyange kana zviratidzo zvipfuura.
Uyezve, Zika inogonawo kudarika kubva kune munhu ane utachiwana asi asina zviratidzo. ICDC inokurudzira kuti kune avo vari panjodzi yekuwana chirwere cheZika, makondomu anoshandiswa zvakanaka-kubva pakutanga kusvika pakupedzisira-panguva yese yezvirwere zvepabonde, zvekare, kana zvepabonde. Zvimwewo, vakadzi vane pamuviri vanogona kurega kuita zvepabonde panguva yavo yose yekuzvitakura.
Kuronga Kubata
Kune vakadzi vakamboenda kune imwe nzvimbo iyo Zika yakapararira kana kuti vakaita zvepabonde vasina kondomu nemunhu ane chirwere cheZika chirwere, zvakakosha kumirira kwemavhiki masere vasati vava nepamuviri. Zviratidzo zveZika chirwere zvinogona kugara kubva mumazuva mashoma kusvika kune vhiki.
Kune vakadzi ivavo vane utachiona hweZika, zvakakosha kumirira kwemavhiki masere mushure mechiratidzo chinotangira usati wava nepamuviri. Varume vanofanira kumirira kwemwedzi mitanhatu mushure mekutapukirwa kana kuti pakupedzisira kugoneka kusvitsa vasati vatarisa mukadzi nokuda kwekutya kuendesa hutachiona.
Shoko Rinobva
Kana iwe nemumwe wako muchigara mune imwe nzvimbo iyo Zika HIV inoparidzirwa uye kuronga pamusoro pokuva nepamuviri, tapota taurai zvamunogona kuita nachiremba wenyu. Pakupedzisira, zvisarudzo pamusoro pokuva nepamuviri munharaunda iyo Zika inoparidzirwa yakaoma uye yega.
Uyezve, mamiriro ezvinhu anosiyana kubva kune vakaroorana kusvika kune vakaroorana, ichi chikonzero nei kupa zano kuchikosha. Chiremba anovimba kana mutano wehutano anogona kubatsira kukutungamirira kuburikidza nekuita zvisarudzo. Kana uchigara mune imwe nzvimbo iyo Zika iri kuparidzirwa, unogona kunonoka kutora pamuviri.
> Sources
> Cragen, JD, et al. Baseline Prevalence of Birth Defects Associated with Congenital Zika Virus Infection - Massachusetts, North Carolina, uye Atlanta, Georgia, 2013-2014. Kushungurudza uye Kufa Vhiki Yevhiki. 2017; 66 (8): 219-222.
> DynaMed Editorial Team. Zika chirwere muhutano uye kuberekwa kweZika syndrome. Yakagadziridzwa kurongwa 2017 January 30. Inowanikwa kubva kuDynaMed: http://www.ebscohost.com/dynamed.
> Zvinyorwa Zvitsva zveMadzimai Akazvitakura Panguva yeZika Virus Outbreak - United States, 2016. Mavhiki. Musi waJanuary 22, 2016; 65 (2): 30-33. www.cdc.gov.
> Zika, Mhutu, uye Mvura Yakamira. Public Health Matters Blog. March 22, 2016. https://blogs.cdc.gov/publichealthmatters/2016/03/zikaandwater/
> Zika virus. Denda uye Zvimwe. www.Floridahealth.gov