Kondomu inoputsa uye kukuvadza kwepanyama pakati pezita rezvimwe zvinonetsa
Kushandiswa kwemafuta kunogona kuita kuti zvepabonde zvirambe zvichinyanya kufadza asi kunyanya kuderedza dambudziko rekuparara kwekondomu. Mumakore achangobva kupfuura, zvakadaro, pane mazano okuti mamwe mafuta anogona, echokwadi, kuwedzera mungozi yeHIV , zvichida nekuderedza chimiro chemakondomu echiremba kana kukonzera kukanganiswa kwemasero kumatomu asina simba anokonzera vagina kana rectum.
Mubvunzo ndewokuti, kunyatsoita ndeipi yezvirevo izvi?
Mhando dzeLubricants
Mafuta anochengetedza mvura ave kwenguva refu akakurudzirwa zvepabonde uye zvepabonde, kushandiswa kwaro kunogona kuderedza kondomu kusakwanisa kutaridzika kusvika anenge matatu muzana kusvika 21 muzana kana pasina gorozi rinoshandiswa. Kusiyana neizvi, mafuta-based-lubricants-zvakadai sevana vana, mineral oil, petroleum jelly, kana kupfupisa kwemiriwo (kureva, Crisco)-inozivikanwa kuti inonyadzisa kusagadzikana kwekateksi, kazhinji mukati memaminitsi, zvichiwedzera kukwanisa kwekushandisa kondomu. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi chete, mafuta-based lubricants anofanira kugara achidziviswa.
Imwe nzira yakakurudzirwa, iyo -silicone-based lubricants (polydimethylsiloxane) ine mazamu epamusoro ekusvikidzika uye kusagadzikana kwekwakaperera. Kunyange zvazvo zvisingawanzowanika semafuta anogadziriswa nemvura, mafuta ensiliconi anowanzoonekwa akachengetedzeka asi kune zvishoma zvinganyanyogadziriswa kuti zvibatsire izvi, zvikurukuru maererano nekurara kwepabonde .
Kunewo glycol-based lubricants, umo glycerine kana propylene glycol yakawedzerwa kumagetsi anochera mvura-based. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nemafuta anoita se- humectants , kudzivirira kubuda kwehupenyu kuve nechokwadi chekugara kwenguva refu, uye kazhinji inonzi yakachengeteka kushandiswa.
Migumisiro yeRubricants
Kubva muna 2002, pane zvidzidzo zvakawanda zvakanyeverwa nezvekugadzirisa kwezvinokonzerwa nemagetsi pamasero akaoma epithelial ayo anotarisa vagina uye rectum.
Imwe yedzidzo yakadaro yakatsvaga kushandiswa kwe nonoxynol-9 , detergent inowanzoshandiswa semushonga wepermicidal kubvisa kutapurirwa kweHIV kuvakadzi.
Dzidzo, iyo yaisanganisira vashandi vezvepabonde muThailand neAfrica, yakaratidza kuti kushandiswa kenshi kwe nonoxynol-9 kwakapetwa kaviri kengozi yeHIV, zvichienzaniswa nevakadzi muboka re placebo. Epithelial kukanganisa uye kuvharwa kwechikadzi kwaiwanzozivikanwa pakati pevashandisi ve 9 nonoxynol, zvakare.
Zvimwe zvakawanikwa zvakaonekwa pakutsvaga zvinokonzerwa nonoxynol-9 pamakumbo emakona, uye vazhinji vanowana kubviswa kwemasanganisi emakona uye kunyange kubuda ropa kune dzimwe nguva. Somugumisiro wezviongororwa izvi, nonoxynol-9-ine-lubricants haigamuchirwi nevakadzi vari pangozi ye HIV.
Zvinotinetsa, zvisinei, hazvirevi chete kune mabhasi ane nonoxynol-9. Kubvira kare kare muna 2006, vanotsvakurudza vave vachitarisa mabhazi anoonekwa se hyperosmolar, zvinoreva kuti anokanganisa kushandiswa kwemvura mumasero, kubudisa mvura nekuita kuti vasave vasina simba uye vasina simba. Mukuita kudaro, vanowedzera mikana yehutachiona kuburikidza nekubvumira zvirwere zvepabonde (zvirwere zvepabonde) nzira yakananga kuburikidza nezvipingamupinyi zvemasero zvinoreva kuvhiringidza ivo.
Chimwe chezvinyorwa zvakabudiswa zvakanaka, zvakagadziriswa sechikamu cheUCLA Microbicide Development Program, chakaratidza kuti vanhu avo vakashandisa zvigadzirwa zvemunhu pamusana pepabonde zvakakonzerwa nekakawanda katatu yakawedzerwa ngozi yechlamydia negonorrhea kana ichienzaniswa nevashandisi venguva dzose kana kuti vasingagadzirisi vashandisi.
Ruzhinji rwevashandi (61 muzana) rakashandisa mvura-based products, asi 20 muzana yakashandiswa mafuta ekusimba, 15 muzana yakashandiswa mafuta-based lubricants, uye makumi manomwe kubva muzana akashandisa ganda rinopisa mafuta. Pakati peboka revarwere 421, 229 vaiva varume uye 192 vaiva vakadzi. Kuongorora kwakaitwa muna 2012, uye hakutsvakurudzi HIV kana humwe hutano hweHIV.
Kudzivirirwa Kwemafuta
Chimwe chidzidzo, chakabudiswa muna 2012, chakacherechedza zvakakonzerwa nemafuta akasiyana-siyana pamakona emakona uye akagumisa, hazvishamisi, kuti njodzi yakasiyana nemuchina. Mimwe michina yakaratidza huwandu hwe hyperosmolarity nekuda kwekukwirira kwakanyanya kwemuyu uye makhahydrates apo vamwe vakaratidzwa kuva iso-osmolar , umo mazinga emunyu nezvimwe zvinokanganisa zvakanga zvisingabatsiri pamasero.
Pakati pezvigadzirwa 14 zvakatsvakurudzwa, maviri-based water, iso-osmolar lubricants ( Good Clean Love ne PRÉ ) uye mabhodisi maviri eliclic ( Wet Platinum uye Kondomu yeMadzimai 2 ) akaratidza kuipa kwakanyanya. Mishonga ine chlorhexidine (inowanzoshandiswa mune zvinodhaka uye zvinodonzera) yakaonekwa ichikonzera kukanganisa kukuru.
Pasinei neuchapupu hwehutachiona hwemasero, vatsvakurudzi vakagumisa kuti kwakanga kusina uchapupu hwokuti mafuta ega ega akawedzera hutachiwana HIV. Maererano nekudzidza, chero upi zvawo hutachiona hunokonzerwa nechigadziro hahukwane zvakakwana kuti utapurire HIV. Uyezve, pakanga pasina zvishoma kuchinja kwehutachiona hunokwana mushure mekushandisa mafuta.
Hazvidzidzo zvekudzidzira mbiri idzi zvinoratidza kuti mafuta aya anofanira kudziviswa, sezvo izvi zvinogona kukonzera kushungurudzika kumadzimai ezvemukadzi / rectal kana zvichiwedzera kuvepo kwekushaya kondomu. Kupfuurira kuongororwa kunogona kuisa pfungwa pakutsanangura makemikari uye / kana zvinowedzera muzvinonhuwira zvinogona kunge zvisina maturo kana zvinokuvadza kumatumbu.
Sources:
Golombok, R .; Kuoma, R .; uye Sheldon, J. "Kuongororwa kwechirwere chinopesana nekuenzaniswa kwekondomu nevarume vanoita gay." AIDS (15): 245-250.
Steiner, M ;; et al. "Kusvibiswa kwezvinonhuwira pamakondomu e latex munguva yepabonde." International Journal of STD & AIDS. 5 (1): 29-36.
World Health Organization (WHO). "Kushandisa nekutsvaga mabhodhoro ekuwedzera emakondomu evarume nevakadzi: WHO / UNFPA / FHI360." Geneva, Switzerland; 2012: WHO / RHR / 12.33.
Van Damme, L .; Ramjee, G .; Alary, M .; et al. "Kubudirira kweKOL-1492, nonoxynol-9 vaginal gel, pane kutapurirwa kweHIV-1 kune vakadzi vanoita zvepabonde: chirongwa chinotungamirirwa nemaitiro." Lancet ; 360 (9338): 971-977.
Gorbach, P .; Weiss, R .; Cranston, R .; et al. "Kutsetserera kunotsvedza: Mafuta Anoshandisa uye Rectal Zvirwere Zvepabonde: chirwere chitsva." Zvirwere zvepabonde. January 2012; 39 (1): 59-64.