Dambudziko Rinofananidza neKenza yeLung muAsia vs United States
Ichokwadi here kuti varume vekuJapan vanosvuta zvakanyanya asi vanowanzova nekenza yemapapu zvishoma nezvishoma kuti varume vari muUnited States neEurope, kunyange zvazvo vachitsigira zvakanyanya?
Iyi haisi nhema, Ichokwadi. Asi sei?
The Japanese Lung Cancer Smoking Paradox
Izvo zvinoita sokuti hazvizivikanwi kuti avo vari muJapan vanosvuta kupfuura asi vane mucheche wemapapu emapapu ari pasi peUnited States, inozivikanwa se "Chirwere cheJapan chemapapu chemapapu chinopesana." Nhaurirano haisi yekusvuta sezvo tichiziva kuti kusvuta kunokonzera kenza yemapapu.
Iyo nharo ndeyekuti sei chiJapane (uye vamwe veAsia) vanoputa vanoshandisa kamuviri kemukenza wemapapu, kunyange zvazvo vachipfungaira kupfuura. Mhinduro kumibvunzo inopoteredza chirevo ichi inogona kunge ichibatanidza zvikonzero.
Mahara eLung Cancer vs Kusvuta muJapan uye United States
Paakaona kuti kune vamwe varume vanoputa muJapan asi njodzi yakaderera yemukenza wemapapu, vatsvakurudzi vakaratidza kuenzanisa. Vakaona kuti musiyano uyu hauna kuenderana nekuwanda kwekusvuta. Varume vanobva kuUnited States uye avo vanobva kuJapan vakatsvaga zvinyorwa zvemazana emakore, uye vakawandisa nhamba imwe chete yefodya zuva rega rega.
Asi, apo muUnited States "maitiro ehutano" emukenza wemapapu muvarume vanoputa nevasina kusvuta aiva 40.1 (mune mamwe mashoko, varume vanoputa vaisvika makumi mana pakuwedzera kenza yemapapu kupfuura varume vasiri kusvuta muU.S., izvo zvinokanganisa kuwirirana muJapan kwaiva 6.3. Mune mamwe mazwi, varume vanoputa muJapan vaingova 6.3 nguva bedzi sevangangokura nekenza yemapapu sevarume vasiri kusvuta.
Relative Rates yeLung Cancer mune dzimwe Nyika dzeAsia
Chirwere chemapapu chepapu chinonyatsoitika, uye hachisi kure neJapan. Izvo ngozi yekenza yemapapu muongororo yegore ra2016 yakawana kuti, maererano ne40: 1 ngozi yakawanda muUnited States, vanhu vanoputa muKorea vaiva 4.0 kusvika 4.6 dzimwe nguva yakawanda yekuwedzera kenza yemapapu kune vasiri vese vanoputa.
Dambudziko risina kuitika muJapan muchidzidzo ichi raiva 3.7 kusvika ku1 5.1, uye kuti kuChina kwaiva ne 2.4 kusvika ku6,5.
Vanyori vekudzidza iyi vakarayira kuti chikonzero chacho hachifaniri kushandurwa zvisiri izvo kuti zvinoreva kuti kusvuta ndezvokuchengetedza vanhu veAsia.
Zvimwe Zvichida Zvikonzero zveMukondombera Mucherechera Kusvuta Paradox
Zvikonzero zvingangodaro zvinokonzera njodzi yakakura yemukenza wemapapu muUnited States nemamwe nyika dzeAsia dzinosanganisira:
- Nhamba dzepasi dzekukonzera kenza-shanduko mumidzanga yeJapan. MuUnited States, inenge makumi manomwe emakemikari anowanikwa mumidzanga inofungidzirwa kuti inokonzera kenza. Kunyange zvazvo fodya iripo mune fodya zhinji, mhando uye chikamu chemamwe makemikari zvinogona kusiyana zvikuru.
- Nhengo dzepabonde dzinoita kuti varume veJapan vave vasingagamuchirwi nekukura kwehupfumi hwemapapu. Kunyangwe iwe unogona kufunga nezvemukenza wemapapu sehutachiona hunosangana nekuputa, kune zvikonzero zvakawanda, uye vamwe vanhu vanotakura chimiro chechirwere ichi. Izvi zvingave zviri nyore kunzwisisa kana iwe wakatevera nyaya dzeAngelina Jolie, uye zvisarudzo zvaakatarisana nazvo paaidzidza kuti aive nemararamiro akaenzana nekenza yemazamu. Kutaura zvazviri, chimwe chezvi "maitiro emuchirwere wepabonde" anozivikanwa seBBRCA2 inobatanidza nehuwandu hwemapato maviri ekuva nekenza yemapapu muvakadzi vanoputa.
Zvinokwanisika Zvikonzero zveJapan Chirwere Chirwere Kusvuta Paradox
Mukuwedzera kune mafungiro emararamiro uye marinogogamu ane fodya, kune zvimwe zvikonzero zvingaverengera, kana kuti zvichiita kuti zvivepo, musiyano pakati pekushaya fodya nekenza yemapapu muU.S. uye kuJapan. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira:
- Kuderedza doro rinoshandiswa nevarume veJapan. Kunyanya kunwa doro kunobatanidza nehuwandu hwehutano hwemapapu emapapu , kunyange mamwe marudzi ezvinwiwa zvinogona kukonzera njodzi yakawanda kune vamwe. Izvozvo zvinogona kuitawo chinhu ichi, sezvo kumwe kuongorora kwakawana kusabatana kwekenza yehavha neyemapapu mune varume vechiChinese.
- Mafuta ekupedzisira anodyiwa nevarume veJapan. Mafuta mashoma anodya muzvokudya anobatanidzwa nehuwandu hwemukana wekuve nekenza yemapapu.
- Kubudirira kwepamusoro kwezviputa muJapan fodya. Pane kushandiswa kwakawanda kwemarasha anosungirirwa mumafuta eJapan cigaretta kupfuura fodya iripo muUnited States. Iwe unogona kunge uchiziva mazimbe anoshandiswa sezvaanoshandiswa mumakamuri ekukurumidzira kuti apore zvimwe zvehupfu uye zvakanyanya. Kushandiswa kwemarasha kunosunga mamwe makemikari, asi zvirokwazvo haasi ose. Mukuwedzera, kushandiswa kwemarasha kunoshandiswa mune zvimwe zvekudya zvekudya zvinowedzera .
- Makore okutanga ekutsvuta kunotanga kuAmerica varume. Varume veAmerica vanotanga kusvuta, paavhareji, anenge makore maviri apfuura kupfuura varume vechiJapan. Kazhinji, ngozi yemukenza yemapapu inowedzera nehuwandu hwepakati-makore inoputa, kana kuti nhamba yose yefodya. Asi avo vanotanga kusvuta pamakore mashoma vanoita kunge vari pangozi kupfuura avo vanotanga kusvuta gare gare, kunyange kana mapoka acho ose ari kusvuta nhamba imwechete yefodya.
- Lifestyle zvimwe zvinhu kunze kwekusvuta . Zvimwe zvinodya zvinokonzerwa nehuwandu hwemukenza wemapapu . Mukuwedzera, kurovedza muviri-kunyange zvishoma-kunoratidzika kuderedza dambudziko rekenza yemapapu.
Chii Chaungaita Nezivo Iyi?
Zvechokwadi, mazita ezvakaberekwa haasagoni kutonga, asi varume veAmerica vanoputa vangada kufungidzira kuvhara doro ravo yekudya uye kushandiswa kwezvokudya zvakawandisa.
Iva nechokwadi chekuongorora mazano aya 10 ekudzivirira chirwere chemapapu , kana iwe usingasvuti. Ramba uchifunga kuti mutsa wemapapu unogona, uye unoita, unoitika muupenyu hwako hwose usati utsi. Chero ani ane mapapu anogona kuwana mutanha wemapapu.
> Sources:
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> Marugame, T. et al. Chirwere chemuviri wekufa chiyero kuburikidza nekusvuta fodya: kuenzaniswa kweChikwata chechitatu-Prefecture Cohort kuJapan kuChincer Prevention Study II muU.SA. Cancer Science . 2005. 96 (2): 120-6.
> Nakaji, S. et al. Tsanangudzo dzekutsvaira kupisa muJapan. European Journal of Epidemiology . 2003. 18 (5): 381-3.
> Stellman, S. et al. Kushungurudzwa kwekenza nemapapu mumapapu muAmerica nevarume veJapan: mhirizhonga yenyika-yekudzidzira kudzidza. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers uye Kudzivirira . 2001. 10 (11): 1193-9.
> Takahashi, I. et al. Kusiyanisa mune simba rekuputa fodya pamapapu emapapu pakati peJapan neU.SA: Tsanangudzo dzinogona kuitika ye 'kusvuta kusagadzikana' muJapan. Public Health . 2008. April 15 (Epub mberi kwenguva).