Kunzwisisa Spinal Cord uye Kurwara Sezvakaita ALS
Mutsipa wepelinha unoumbwa nemusoro wejeri uye mutsvuku. Kana iwe uchizove uchicheka chikamu-chikamu, iwe waizoona gorozi mumamiriro ehomwebvu yakakomberedzwa nemuchena. Musoro wakachena unoumbwa zvikuru neuroni (masero emasero anozivikanwa anotumira mameseji kune mamwe masero emagetsi) uye glial cells (iyo inopoteredza uye inokonzera neuron masero).
Mucheka mutsvuku unoumba musimboti wepelinha uye unoumbwa nemagetsi mana anonzi "nyanga." Runyanga ruchiri kugoverwa muzvikamu (kana zvinyorwa) pamwe nehwamanda inoputika iri kumashure, nyanga dzakatevedzwa dzakasarudzwa kumativi, uye runyanga rwekare rwakanga ruri mberi.
Iro runyanga rwekare rwemutsipa wepelinha (inozivikanwawo seanterior cornu) ine masero emotokari yeurudhi anokanganisa maronda emakumbo.
Kunzwisisa Motor Neurons
Paunofamba, uropi huchatumira shoko kune masero ari mumutsipa wepelinha. Aya masero ndiye anotumira shoko kune imwe nzvimbo yehutachiona hwehurumende , chikamu chehurongwa hwemitsipa huri kunze kweuropi uye musipinha.
Skeletal muscle movement ndiyo imwe chete yemabasa inotungamirirwa nehutachiona hwehutachiona hwehurumende. Masero emironda anokonzerwa nokudzorera aya mashoko anonzi motoni neurons.
Mishonga inotumira mameseji pakati peuropi uye musana wemvura inonzi yakakwirira motoni neuroni, uye iyo inodzokorora mashoko kubva mumusana kusvika kumisungo inonzi maodzera motokari neuroni.
Kunzwisisa Motor Neuron Diseases
Zvirwere zvinoshora zvakashata izvi zvinonzi majini neuron zvirwere . Sezvinoratidzwa nezita racho, zvirwere zvemotokari dzinoita kuti munhu asakwanisa kufamba. Muenzaniso unonyanya kuzivikanwa weiyi ndeye amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) . Zvimwe zvinosanganisira chirwere cheporiyo uye chinonzi Kennedy .
Neurologists vachashandisa kuongorora mumuviri kuti vaone kuti mune hurongwa hwemitsipa chirwere chiripo. Zviratidzo zvezvirwere zvingasiyana zvakanyanya. Semuyenzaniso:
- Zvirwere zvinokonzera mhepo yepamusoro neuroni chete inowanzoratidza kusagadzikana kana kuparadzaniswa (kuramba kunokanganisa musimba kunokonzera kufamba kwakasununguka).
- Zvirwere zvinokonzera motokari yepamusoro ineuroni inowanikwa zvakanyanya ne muscular atrophy (kuparara) uye fasciculations (muchidimbu, kupesana kwezvipembenene zvemasumbu).
- Mune dzimwe mhando dzemotokari ye-neuron, yakadai seAAL, zvose zviri kumusoro nepamusoro motokari yeeuron zvinoshandiswa.
Aina dze Motor Neuron Disease
Motokari neuron zvirwere hazviwanzogadzikana zvishoma nezvishoma zvinokuvadza zvishoma nezvishoma nhengo dzenheyo dzinotungamirira kufamba. Motokari yeeuron inogona kuonekwa chero ipi zvayo yakawanda inowanzoonekwa muvanhu vanopfuura makumi mana. Inobata varume kupfuura vakadzi.
Kune marudzi akawanda emagetsi e-neuron:
- ALS (inozivikanwawo nechirwere chaLou Gehrig ) ndicho chimiro chakajairika chechirwere. Inobata masumbu emakumbo, makumbo, muromo, uye kuporesa. Kunyange zvazvo chikonzero ichi chisingazivikanwi mumazviitiko zvizhinji, anenge 10 muzana anowanikwa zvakananga nemhuri genetics.
- Progressive bulbar palsy (PBP) inosanganisira uropi hunokonzera uye hunokonzera kushungurudza kazhinji, kuoma kutaura, kudya, uye kumedza. Chikonzero chePBP hachizivikanwi asi chinotendwa chakabatanidzwa kune genetics.
- Progressive muscular atrophy (PMA) ishanduko ye ALS iyo zvishoma nezvishoma asi zvishoma nezvishoma inokonzera kushungurudza kwemisumbu (atrophy).
- Primary primary lateral sclerosis (PLS ) inoratidzika sechirwere chechirwere chinowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma. Kunyange zvazvo PLS isingaiti, PLS inogona kupindirana nebasa rinowanzoitwa uye hupenyu hwomunhu.
- Simba remakumbo musrophy (SMA) iyo inokonzerwa nehupenyu hwemoto neuron chirwere chinokanganisa vana. Iyo inobatanidza kufambira mberi kwemisumbu kuparara, kukura kwakashata, uye kurasikirwa kwesimba remapfupa ekufema.
> Kwakabva:
> Tiryaki, E. uye Holli, H. "ALS uye Other Motor Neurons Diseases." Continuum: Kudzidza Kwoupenyu Hwose muNeurology. 2014 ; 20 (5): 1185-1207.