Ita retina inoratidzika uye inononoka iyo inotenderera mberi kweziso. Inongova 0,2 mm yakakura uye inenge yakaenzana neyesa dollar. Iyo retina inoumbwa nemamiriyoni 200 neuroni. Iyo retina ine ma photoreceptors anowana chiedza uye anobva atumira zviratidzo izvi kuburikidza nemagetsi e-optic kuuropi.
I-photoreceptors iri mu retina inonzi tambo nemakoni.
Retina yedu ine mamiriyoni zana nematanda uye mamiriyoni 1 e code codereceptors. Iyo fovea mu macula ine mhando yepamusoro yemakoni uye tsvimbo zvachose haipo. Ikose idzi dzinounza kugadzirisa zviri nani kwezvifananidzo asi tsvimbo idzi dzinowanikwa zviri nani. Ichi ndicho chikonzero apo iwe wakatarisa pane nyeredzi usiku, zvinoita sechinyanya kupera, asi kana iwe wakatarisa kubva kune rumwe rutivi nyeredzi, inowedzera uye inooneka.
Zvakawanda sefirimu mune kamera, zvifananidzo zvinouya kuburikidza nejeri yemaziso uye zvinotarisa pane retina. Iyo retina inoshandura mifananidzo iyi kumagetsi emagetsi uye inovatumira kuuropi.
Apo chiremba anotsveta meso ako panguva yakajeka kuongorora kweziso , zvinonzi iye ari kutarisa pa fundus. Iyo fundus inotsanangurwa nezvikamu zvinotevera:
- Posterior pete - posterior pole muchikamu chekare chetina uye inosanganisira optic nerve uye macula
- Musoro wemutsara wemusoro - Musoro wemagetsi wemukati ndeye chiso cheptic nerve sezvo inopinda kumashure kweziso. Inogadzirwa nemamiriyoni ehutano hwehutano uye inoendesa ruzivo rwekuona kuuropi yekugadzirisa.
- Macula - The macula inonyanya kuve yakagadzirirwa chikamu chetina mukati memutambo we retina inotipa chiratidzo chekati. Pakati pe macula ndiyo fovea. Iyo fovea ine nzvimbo yakanakisisa yekuona.
- Equator uye pakati pemakiromita retina - Iyi ndiyo nzvimbo ye retina sezvo inowedzera kubva pamashure.
- Ora serrata - The ora serrata ndiyo serrated nzvimbo pakati pe retina uye ciliary body. Izvi zvinoratidza kushanduka kubva kune vasiri-photosensitive nzvimbo ye retina kune photosensitive nzvimbo ye retina.
Matambudziko Anowanzoenderana neRetina
- Kudzorera kana kuchema -Mutsara kana kuti mashizha inonzi inofanirwa kunetseka apo retina inobwinya inobvaruka kana kubviswa kubva kumashure kweziso rinopa oxygen uye zvokudya.
- Chirwere cheshuga chetinopathy - Dhiyabhorosi retinopathy inowanikwa kune vanhu vane chirwere cheshuga kana miviri yeropa ichidonha ropa uye mvura. Dzimwe nguva mitsara yeropa itsva inokura iyo inoparadza uye inogona kusimbisa kurasikirwa kwemaono, glaucoma, uye retinal detachment kana isingarapwa.
- Central serous retinopathy - Central serous retinopathy chinhu chinowanzoshandiswa mukati maro umo central retina inotanga krisst uye chinangwa chepakati chinoshandiswa.
- Kuipa kwemaMacular - Kuipa kwemaMacular chirwere chema macula umo mune kurasikirwa pakati pebasa rekuona. Macular pigmentary changes anoitika uye mitsetse yeropa ine simba inokura pasi pe macula. Kuona kurasikirwa kunogona kunge kwakanyanyisa kuve kwakanyanya uye kupofumadza pakati.