Myeloma uye multiple myeloma inoreva chirwere chimwe chete. Kune marudzi akasiyana e-myeloma, uye zvigadziriswa zvinoitwa nemabasa echirwere, uyewo nemhando dzezvirwere, kana kuti immunoglobulin maprotestine, ayo ari kushandiswa kusinganzwisisiki.
Munhu anotanga kuonekwa kuti ane myeloma angave kana kuti angave asina zviratidzo. Mhosva inogona kubva kubva zvachose pasina zviratidzo kune zviratidzo zvakakomba nezvinetso zvinoda kurapwa kwenguva refu.
Imwe yerudzi rwenyeloma - monoclonal gammopathy yekusagadziriswa kunokosha (MGUS) - inobereka ma antibodies anowedzera pamatanho akaderera, asi inoita pasina zvinetso zvakanyanya munhengo. Inogona kukura kuva inoshanda myeloma, asi kana ichiita, inowanzoita zvishoma nezvishoma. Haasi munhu wose ane MGUS achaenderera mberi kukura myeloma, asi vamwe vangave, ndicho chikonzero kuongorora gore negore kunokosha. MGUS, kunyange zvazvo iri chirwere chekushaya simba, inotyisa ngozi yekushandura kuva myeloma yakawanda pamwero we ~ 1.5% pagore.
MGUS
Pane 2 kusiyana kukuru pakati peMGUS uye myeloma:
1. Kana kenza kana zvimwe zvirwere zvinokonzera kusakosha kwemaitiro e-antibody protein, mapuroteni iwayo anonzi paraprotein. Nhamba yeparaprotein iyi inopfuura 30 g / L (<3g / dL) muMGUS.
2. Masero eplasma anorema kupfuura 10 kubva muzana ehuwandu hwemapfupa ekuongorora muMGUS.
Smoldering Myeloma
Myeloma inowanzowanikwa kuburikidza nebasa rega rega rega apo varwere vari kuongororwa pane chimwe chinhu chisingaenderani.
Kushungurudza kana kusinganzwisisiki myeloma inofambira mberi zvishoma nezvishoma, kutanga kwechirwere chacho. Kunyange zvazvo zvikamu zvemasero eplasma anobudisa plasma mumapfupa emapfupa uye / kana kukwirira kweM-protein kunogona kuvepo, hakuchina kuipa kwakanyanya kumapfupa kana tsutsvo.
Mukuputika, asymptomatic myeloma:
1. Chiyero cheparaprotein chinopfuura 30 g / L (<3g / dL).
2. Masero eplasma anopfuura 10 muzana pamapfupa ekuongorora.
Mhedzisiro huru pakati pe smoldering myeloma uye yakazara yakazara myeloma ndiko kusavapo kwechimiro chine chokuita ne-myeloma kana kushaya simba kwemuviri.
Multiel Myeloma
Symptomatic, kana kuti active myeloma ine nhamba yakawedzerwa yemasero epa plasma mumapfupa emapfupa, M-protein inoonekwa muropa kana mumurini - uyewo iyo inoguma ichikuvara. Multiple myeloma inoda kurapwa. Mune zvimwe zviitiko zve myeloma dzakawanda, masero ekenza anounganidza mune rimwe bfupa uye anoumba tumarara inonzi plasmacytoma .
Zviratidzo nezviratidzo zveiyo myeloma yakawanda zvinogona kusiyana uye zvinogona kusanganisira:
- Kutambura kwepfupa, kunyanya mumupanga kana muchifuva
- Nausea, kuvimbiswa, kurasikirwa kwechido, kuora kurasikirwa
- Mental fogginess, kuvhiringidzika, kuneta
- Vanowanzorwara zvirwere uye fevha
- Kushaya simba kana kupera mumakumbo
- Nenyota yakawandisa, kazhinji kunyorera
Symptomatic myelomas inowedzera kusarudzwa nemhando dzezvirwere zve immunoglobulin zvinowanikwa muropa. Immunoglobulins ane zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana - zvinonzi zviketani zvakasimba uye maketani akareruka. Zvirwere zvinoshandiswa zvinodanwa nemhando yeketani yakasimba iyo inenge iine (G, A, M, D, kana E).
- Mhedheni yakawanda inowanikwa mu myeloma ndiyo IgG type.
- Zvisiri zvishoma ndezvokuti IgA myelomas.
- IgD uye IgE myelomas zvisizvo zvisingawanzoitiki.
- Kunyanya kudyidzwa kweIgM chinhu chisingawanzozivikanwa chinonzi Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia .
Mimwe mhando ye myelomas inogadzira chisina kukwana immunoglobulin yemaketani akachena chete. Izvozvo zvinonzi chiedza chine myelomas. Zviratidzo zvepineti zvakapetwa zvinonziwo Beni-Jones mapuroteni . Apo Beni-Jones mapuroteni ari mumuguta, anounganidza muitsvo uye anokonzera kukanganisa.
Ikokowo dzimwe zvirwere zvisingawaniki umo masero ekenza anokonzera maketani akaoma chete. Izvi zvinonzi chirwere chinorema zvakanyanya uye zvinogona kana kuti hazvingawiri maitiro ne myeloma.
Inenge 1 muzana ye myelomas inonzi non-secretory myeloma . Muvarwere ava, kubudiswa kweM-protein kana maketani mashoma hazvina kukwana kuonekwa muropa kana mumurini. Kuongororwa kwakakosha kunodiwa kuti uone chirwere chevarwere.
Sources
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