Kazhinji Nzira dzeCancer yeganda Usawana Zvaunofanirwa
Nyanzvi dzakawanda zvino dzinofunga nezvekenza yeganda kuti ive denda muUnited States, uye inopfuura mamiriyoni 1.3 mamiriyoni matsva anowanikwa gore rimwe nerimwe uye achikwira. Iyi mitatu yakawanda kwazvo - basal cell , squamous cell , uye melanoma - nhoroondo yehuwandu hwechirwere chepachifu chekuongorora , asi kune marudzi akawanda evanhu vasingawanzo kenza yepachigaro avo kazhinji vasingatauri nehanya navo.
Heano mavhiri kanomwe asinganzwisisiki anogona kubuda paganda kana kuchinja ganda risina kujeka:
Mucheka T-cell Lymphoma
Mucheka T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) iboka rekenza rinokonzerwa nemhando yeropa rega rega rinonzi T-cell lymphocyte inosvibisa uye inokanganisa ganda. MuUnited States, pane anenge 1 500 mitsva itsva yeTCTCL pagore. Varume vanowanzoita sevakadzi kuti vashandiswe, uye vanhu vakawanda vanoonekwa kuti vane makore makumi mashanu.
Mumhando dzakawanda dzeCCTCL (somuenzaniso, mycosis fungoides , iyo yakanyanya kufanana), zviratidzo zvinotanga nechitarisiko chepurasitiki, tsvuku tsvuku paganda; mune vanhu vane ruvara rwemavara, izvi zvinogona kuonekwa sechinhu chakajeka zvikuru kana chema. Izvo zvipfeko zvinotyisa, uye zvinogona kunge zvakaoma uye zvinopisa. Dzimwe nzvimbo dzeganda dzinogona kusimudzwa uye dzakaoma (dzinonzi mavara). Gare gare, matumasi anogona kukura. Mamwe mapepa eganda anowedzera uye anoputika, zvichiita kuti utachiona huvepo.
Kune mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzekemotherapi yemishonga, immunotherapy (somuenzaniso, interferon ), uye zvinodhaka zvinodhaka (sezviri kure, denileukin diftitox kana Ontak) zvino yava kuwanikwa kuti irapise CTCL.
Merkel Cell Carcinoma
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) isingawanzoiti, rudzi rwechisimba rwekenza yeganda inogadzirwa kana iri pasi peganda.
Inenge 1,500 mitsva ye MCC inoonekwa muUnited States gore negore. Vakawanda vanorwara vakaonekwa kuti vane MCC vane caucasian uye vanopfuura makore makumi mashanu (muvhareji wemakore 69).
MCC zvipembenene zvinomira zvakasimba, zvisingaregi mukati meganda. Izvo zvakatsvuka, zvidhinha, kana bluu-violet mumucheka, uye zvinowanzowanikwa munzvimbo dzakasununguka dzezuva dzakadai semusoro (kunyanya yakakomberedza ziso uye pamusoro pemaziso), mutsipa, maoko, nemakumbo.
Mishonga inoshandiswa inosanganisira kuvhiyiwa, kurapwa kwemaawa, uye chemotherapy.
Kaposi Sarcoma
Kaposi sarcoma (KS) chirwere chinowanzobva kumasero anowedzera lymph kana mitsipa yeropa. KS inokonzerwa neKapasi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV). Iyo yakawanda inowanzoita zvirwere zvekudzivirira zvirwere zvinoita kuti KS ive nehutachiona nehutachiona hwehutachiwana hweHIV (HIV), hutachiona hunokonzera AIDS, asi kuendeswa kune vagamuchiri kune rimwe boka rinotarisana naro.
Masero asina kujairika eKS anoumba ruvara rwepepuru, rutsvuku, kana ruvara rwebhuruvara kana maronda kune ganda. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, KS inokonzera kupfugama kunorwadza, kunyanya mumakumbo, kugomera nzvimbo, kana ganda rinotarisa meso. KS inogona kukonzera zvinetso zvakakomba, kana kutova upenyu hunotyisidzira kana zvipembenene zviri mumapapu, chiropa, kana chirwere chekudya.
Kurapa kwakanyatsochinja mumakumi emakore achangopfuura uye ikozvino kunosanganisira zvakanyanya kushandura antiretroviral therapy (HAART) kurapa varwere veAIDS neKS, uyewo mapurogiramu epamusoro, kushandiswa kokuvhiya, cryotherapy (kufuta nemhepo inonzi nitrogen), uye chemotherapy.
Sebaceous Gland Carcinoma
Sebaceous gland carcinoma (SGC) inonyanya kuwanikwa, kenza ine utsinye inobva mumaronda emafuta paganda. Inenge 75 muzana yezvirwere inowanikwa inopoteredza ziso, ine nzvimbo yakajairika yakave iyo yepamusoro eyelid, kunyange yakawanikwawo kune imwe nzvimbo mumusoro kana mumutsipa, padanda, kana mumunharaunda. Sebaceous cell carcinomas inowanzowanikwa muvakadzi vanopfuura makore makumi manomwe. SGC inowanzokura nokukurumidza uye inopararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzomuviri mune 1 kubva pamakamuri mashanu.
Mishonga inowanikwa inosanganisira kuvhiyiwa uye kurapwa kwemaawa.
Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans
Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) chirwere chisina kujairika chechirwere chinotanga seguruva rakaoma, chinokura zvishoma, uye hachiwanzopararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzomuviri.
Inokonzerwa nehutachiona hwekuchinja hunoita kuti kuwedzererwa kwema molecule kunonzi platelet-yakagadzirwa kukura. Izvi zvinowanzosangana mumvura (mukati mechipfuva chemaviri makuru ezvisikwa zvinoumba ganda) yemakumbo kana turu yemuviri.
Mishonga inoshandiswa inosanganisira chirwere, chirwere chemaawa , uye mushonga mutsva unonzi imatinib (Gleevec). Zvisinei, DFSP inowanzosarudzwa kana kuti inorapwa zvisina kukwana, saka iva nechokwadi chekuwana dermatologist kana imwe nyanzvi ine ruzivo rwekubata DFSP.
Kuvabata Kwazvo
Nguva dzose ganda kuzvidzivirira ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa yekuona izvi zvisingawanzo kemukari yeganda mumatambo avo epakutanga, mamwe maitiro anorapa. Kana iwe ukaona chero mutsva, kuchinja, kana zvimwe zvisingawanzogadzirwa zveganda, taura nachiremba wako nokukurumidza.
Sources:
American Cancer Society. (May 2016). Chii chinonzi Merkel Cell Carcinoma?
"Mishonga Yekushandisa Muzvipatara muIncology: Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans." v.1.2009. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. 1 Mbudzi 2009.
"Mycosis Fungoides uye Sezary Syndrome Treatment." American Cancer Society. 1 Mbudzi 2009.
"Chii Kaposi sarcoma?" American Cancer Society. 1 Mbudzi 2009.