Utano Hwekukwegura Mazano Evanhu Vanorarama neHIV
Sezvo kuedza kwekutanga uye kurapwa kweHIV kwakawedzera hupenyu hwekutarisira huwandu kune huwandu hwehuwandu hwevanhu, kusimbiswa kwakanyanya ikozvino kuiswa kuhutano hwakanaka hwevaya vane makore makumi mashanu nekure, avo vanowanzoona utera husina nguva uye urwere semhaka yekureba -temutachiona.
Maererano nedheta kubva kuSouth Centers for Disease Control uye Prevention (CDC), vanopfuura 25 muzana ye 1.2 mamiriyoni eAmerica anorarama neHIV-kana vanhu vanenge 313 000-vanopinda muhutano hweHIV huri kukwegura.
Anofungidzira zvinoratidza kuti, mukati memakore mashomanana, chiyero ichocho chinogona kukwira kusvika ku50 muzana.
Premature Illness
Iko kusingaperi kusuruvara kunobatanidza neHIV kwave kwakabatanidzwa mumatunhu akakwirira ezvirwere zvisingawaniki neHIV-zvakadai sehutano hwehutano , kenza , neuro-cognitive disorders , uye chirwere chechirwere cheshuga -chinowanzoonekwa makore gumi kusvika kune gumi zvisati zvaitika inotarisirwa mukati mevanhu vazhinji, vasina hutachiwana. Kunyange kune vanhu vanobudirira mune hutachiona hweHIV, avo vanogona kuchengetedza zvisingaoneki zvehutachiona hwemakore kwemakore panguva, pane imwe nengozi yakakura yekukwegura-inobatanidzwa.
Kunyange zvazvo nzira dzechiitiko ichi-dzinozivikanwa senescence isati yasvika -isinganzwisiswi zvakakwana, inogamuchirwa kakawanda kuti kuparara kusingaperi kunogona kuderedza muviri wemunhu nenzira inenge isingaenzaniswi neyevakuru vakwegura, iyo muviri " nguva yayo. "
Uye zvinoratidzika kuti zvinokanganisa vazhinji, kana kwete dzose zvirongwa zvegungu kune imwe nguva. Kunyange munhu we -T-cells , ari pakati pemagadziro emumumviriri wemumusikirwo wemumusikirwo, anova akaderera kana asingakwanisi kuziva nekuregeredza vatorwa vari kunze kwekutakurwa kweizvi zvinoramba zvichiramba, kupisa kwemaitiro. Kuita kuti nyaya dzirambe dzichiwedzera, zvose zveHIV uye mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yakave yakabatanidzwa nekuwedzera mumafisa ekuberekwa (intra-mimba) kune vanhu vane HIV, izvo zvinongowedzera kuremedza nokuvhara mapurotini anouraya zvakakwana mumaropa.
Saka chii chingaitwa nomunhu kuti ararame hutano neHIV uye kudzivisa zvirwere nemamiriro ezvinhu anowanikwa nehutachiona kwenguva refu?
Edza Kuedzwa Nhasi
Zvinogona kuoneka zvakajeka, asi vazhinji vanenge 20 muzana veAmerica vanorarama neHIV havana kuongororwa nehutachiwana uye, maererano neWorld Health Organization (WHO), zvinosvika 50 kubva kune hutachiona hweHIV pasi rose hazvina kudzidziswa .
Nhasi kutungamirirwa kubva kuUnited States Preventive Services Task Force kunodanidza kuongororwa kwechimwe che HIV nguva dzose yevaAmerica vane makore gumi nemashanu kusvika ku65 sechikamu chechiitiko chekushanyira chiremba. Zvimwe zvikwata zvepamusoro zvinotyisa, kusanganisira varume vanoita zvepabonde vanoita zvepabonde nevarume (MSM), vanokurudzirwa kuedza gore negore. Pasina kuongororwa, hapana nzira yekushandisa chinhu chimwe chete pane chinogona kunyatsogonesa utano hwakanaka kwenguva yakareba kuvanhu vanorarama neHIV, uye izvi ndizvo ...
Tanga Utachiona hweHIV Nhasi
Muna July 2015, chidzidzo chakaitwa pa8th International AIDS Society Conference muVancouver yakadana kuti kutanga kwekutanga kweraretroviral therapy (ART) kune vanhu vose vane HIV, pasinei nechirwere chechirwere kana kuti CD4 count . Kudzidza, inozivikanwa seStategic Timing yeAnterretroviral Therapy (START), yakaratidza kuti kutsanangura chirongwa cheART pakugadziriswa kwakaderedzera hutano hwekurwara nekufa ne 53 muzana, pachinopisa dambudziko rehutachiwana hutachiwana hweHIV, sehutano hwepfungwa (CVD) ) uye mamwe kanzira, inenge inenge zviviri-zvitatu.
Kusiyana neizvi, kunyange avo vasina ruzivo vanokwanisa kuchengetedza zvisingaoneki zvehutachiona zvisina vanhu vane ART-vanhu vanozivikanwa se "vatungamiri vemauto" -vanowanzoita kuti vapinde muchipatara, katatu zvichida kuti vapinde muchipatara cheCVD, uye kanowanika kuti vangabvumirwe nokuda kwepfungwa dzepfungwa kana dzichienzaniswa nevatongi vasiri vemazuva ose paAIDS yakazara. Kana pane imwe "inofanirwa" kurarama kwenguva refu uye yakanaka neHIV, ichi ndicho. Ndiyo chete uye nzvimbo chete yokutanga.
Rega Kusvuta
Ichi hachisi chimwe chiziviso chebasa rehurumende. Chokwadi chinoshamisa nhasi ndechekuti vanhu vanorarama neHIV vanowanzoita sevanoputa sevasina hutachiwana (42 muzana ne21 muzana zvichienderana), zvichiita kuti inenge kaviri mukana wehutachiona hwemwoyo, kaviri kanoti rufu kubva pamapfupa ekufema , uye kuwedzera kwemazana gumi nemana muhutano wekenza yemapapu.
Kutaura zvazviri, zvidzidzo zvakawanda zvakagumisa kuti kusvuta kunoramba kuri imwe chete mungozi inokonzera kukura kwehutano nekufa kune vanhu vanorarama nehutachiona hweHIV, vachideredza hupenyu hwemakore nemazana gumi nemaviri zvichienzanisa nevatachiona vanotapukirwa neHIV vasati vasvuta.
Apo kusvuta kupedza zvirongwa hazvisi nguva dzose zviri nyore-zvinoda mavhareji emisere masere kusati wabudirira kurega-kuwanika kurapwa kwave kuri nyore nyore pasi pe Affordable Care Act , uye kuedza kwemakore maviri kurega kushandiswa nemishonga uye zvirongwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvekurapa zvinopiwa kuburikidza neMedicaid mu ose makumi mashanu anotaura.
Tora Shots yako
Zvinoshamisika nhamba yevanhu vane HIV vane avo vanozvidzivirira, vasingateereri, kana vasingazivi nezvemhando dzemapfupa kana zvirwere zvemukanwa vangangoda . Izvi zvinosanganisira zvirwere zvakadai sezvipatara B, mapillomavirus yevanhu (HPV) , pneumococcal pneumonia, uye (hongu) gore negore quadrivalent chirwere chinoputika .
Chimwe chekudzivirira chinotora zvinoreva zvese kana, somuenzaniso, njodzi yekenza yemuviri (yakanyanyobatanidzwa neHIVV chirwere) inozivikanwa kuva makumi maviri nepamakumi maviri kune vanhu vane HIV, nepo kenza yemukomana inowedzera kuwedzera kashanu. Chirwere cheHIVV chisinganzwisisiki, nhatu-inotora zvose zvingatora kuti kuderedze njodzi yekenza iyi nekusvika 56 muzana.
Usati watanga chero hutano hwakakosha, iva nechokwadi chokuti unosangana nachiremba wako kuti ukurukure zvisarudzo uye ngozi. Kunyange zvazvo vazhinji vachaita zvakanyanya mukana wekuvhiringidza hutachiwana hweHIV, vamwe vanogona kukukuvadzai , kunyanya kana zvirwere zvenyu zvepachiviri zvakanyanyisa.
Kurukurai Matanho NaDhota Wenyu
Maererano nechidzidzo chinobva kuJohn Hopkins University School of Medicine, kushandiswa kweklesterterol-kuderedza mitemo yemishonga, pamwe chete neAIDS, kunogona kuderedza ngozi yekufa kune vanhu vane HIV ne 67 muzana. Vatsvakurudzo vakashuma kuti, kunze kwekudzikisa hutachiona hwehushonga hwekutsvaira, mitemo inoratidzikawo kuti inonyanya kuderedza kusagadzikana kusingaperi.
Kunyange zvazvo izvi zvisingatauri kuti zvinomiririra zvinoratidzirwa kune vanhu vose vanorarama neHIV, inonyatsoratidza kubatsira kwekugara uchiongorora uye zvimwe zviratidzo zvehutano hwepfungwa-kunyanya kune vatana vakwegura kana kune avo vane zviitiko zvinokonzera (semuenzaniso, mhuri nhoroondo, kusvuta, nezvimwewo).
Funga nezve Vitamin D & Calcium Supplementation
Low bone mineral mass (BMD) inowanzoonekwa kune vanhu vane HIV, zvichiita kuti marefu emapfupa uye zviputi zviputike, pamwe chete nekuvandudzwa kwenguva refu kwehutachiona . BHD kurasikirwa kwepakati peviri nezana nezana kubva muzana inowanzoonekwa mukati memakore maviri ekutanga ekutanga ART, chiyero chakafanana neicho chevakadzi munguva yemakore maviri ekutanga ekuenda kumwedzi.
Somugumisiro weizvi uye dzimwe nhamba, ikozvino inokurudzirwa kuti vose vakadzi vanotumira varume vane HIV vawanikwe DEXA (maviri-energy x-ray absorptiometry) kuongorora kuti vaone kuti inogona kurasikirwa nefupa, pamwe chete nevarume vose vane HIV vanopfuura ane makore makumi mashanu.
Mukutaura kwekuchengetedza, tsvakurudzo dzakawanda dzakaratidza kuti kuwirirana kwehuwandu hwevhitamini B uye calcium supplement kunogona kubatsira kuderedza ngozi yechipfupa. Kunyange zvazvo kutsvakurudza kuri kuramba kuri kure nekusingaperi, mazano eUnited States anokurudzira pakati pe800 kusvika 1000 mg yemuvhithamini D mumuromo nezuva uye 1000 kusvika 2000 mg yemuromo calcium pazuva. Varwere vane osteoporosis vanogona kubatsirwa nemishonga yakadaro yekutanga sealendronate (Fosomax) uye zoledronic acid (Zometa) iyo inogona kubatsira kudzivirira maosteoporotic kuputsika kwezviputi.
Kudya uye Kuedza Kudzidzira
Zvimwe kunyanya kudarika kusvuta, mazwi okuti "kudya" uye "kurovedza muviri" anowanzoita kuti vanhu vawane indulgent grins (uye kunyange dzimwe nguva kuvhara kwemaziso) kubva kuvarwere, sekunge kuti pane imwe nzvimbo pamba pamba-pamba pane mazano chaiwo ekurapa avo are.
Asi chimbofunga izvi-vanhu vanorarama neHIV vanowanzowedzera-kuwedzera kunowedzera mumuviri wemuviri kunokonzerwa kwete chete neHIV pachako asi kumishonga inoshandiswa kurapa chirwere. Uye kunyange kune avo vanonyatsoderedza ART, hazvisi zvisinganzwisisi kuona 40 muzana inowanikwa mumakumbo mafuta uye 35 muzana inowanikwa mumakumbo emimba, ine kuwedzera kuwirirana mune zvose zveCVD uye chirwere chechipiri cheshuga.
Mukuwedzera kune urongwa hwemishonga yemutemo, hutungamiri hwezuva nezuva hweHIV hunofanira kusanganisira kudya kwakakwana, kuderedzwa kwemafuta uye kuwirirana kweaerobic nekudzivirira kudzidzira , pasinei nezera, CD4 count, kana chirwere chetachiona. Usati watanga ART, zvose lipids uye mazinga eropa regau inofanira kuongororwa nekuchengetedza nguva dzose pashure pacho kuti uone kuve nekugadzirwa kweCVD uye / kana chirwere cheshuga.
Pasi pfupi: usavimba nemapiritsi kana kuti kudya kunongotarisana nehutano kana kutora chirongwa chekuita zvekudzivirira hutachiona hunoita kuti kugadzirisa kuonda kwemaviri. Shingai nachiremba wenyu uye mubvunzei kutumira kune vanogona kudya nenzano uye nyanzvi dzehutano munharaunda yenyu, kunyanya kana iwe uri kunyanyisa, mune utano husina kunaka, une mwoyo wepfungwa kana chirwere cheshuga, kana kuti unongoda kutungamirirwa.
Iva Nadzo Nguva Dzoedzwa Pep uye Mammograms
Kunyatsofungisisa kunofanira kuitirwa vakadzi vanorarama neHIV, kwete kungoita kuti kudzivirira kenza yemukondombera nezvimwe zvinokonzerwa nekodzero, asi kugadzirisa nyaya dzine chokuita nekuzvitakura , HIV serodiscordancy (kureva, apo mumwe munhu ane HIV uye mumwe ane HIV -negative), uye kudzivirirwa kwekutapurirwa kweHIV kusvika kumwana .
Vakadzi vanofanira kunyatsokurukura chero zvirongwa kana vavariro dzavanogona kuva nazvo panyaya yekuzvitakura pavanotanga kutarisirwa, asi vachigadzirisa zviratidzo zvese zvemakemikari kuongororwa sezvinoratidzirwa (gore negore kune vakadzi vanopfuura makumi mashanu uye mumwe nomumwe nokuda kwevakadzi vari pakati pemakore 40 ne49). Vakadzi vane hutachiwana hweHIV vanofanirawo kupiwa chirwere chepervical Pap smear, zvakare pavanotanga kutarisira, nekudzokorora miedzo yakaitwa mwedzi mitanhatu mushure mekunge.
Usambofa Uchitarisana neHIV Mukusangana
Chimwe chemafungiro asina kururama pamusoro pehutachiona hweHIV ndechekuti yakabatanidzwa nenhamba yakatarwa yekuongorora maitiro (CD4 count, viral load) uye nguva dzose kuongorora (STDs, hepatitis) uye pamwe chete pamwe nekushanyirwa kurongwa kushanho yako yeHIV. Uye ndizvo zvakanaka kwazvo.
Nekunyanya kukurukurwa kuiswa kune nguva yakareba yemahara, vakawanda vakatanga kushevedza kugadziriswa kweHIV, vachiitora sechikamu chekutarisira kwepamusoro kwete sechizivo chakasarudzwa. Izvi zvinoreva kuchinja nzira yatinotarisa nayo HIV nhasi, vose varwere navanachiremba. Izvi zvinoreva kunzwisisa kuti HIV haigoni kurapwa muga woga, asi pane sechikamu chakabatanidzwa chehutano hwedu hwemazuva mazhinji.
Sezvo zvakadaro, zvakakosha kugara uchingorayira chiremba wako weHIV pamusoro pekucherechedza kweunyanzvi iwe unogona kuigamuchira, kusanganisira chero zvipatara kana kushanyirwa kwenguva refu. Uye usafungidzira kuti chimwe chinhu chaicho "hachienderani" neHIV, zvikurukuru sezvo chirwere chacho chinogona kuratidza nemhando ipi zvayo yezvinetso zvinosanganiswa, kubva pamatambudziko eziso kumuromo / chirwere chemazino kune zvinetso zveuropi.
Kana chiremba wako wekuchiremba wakasiyana newachiremba wako weHIV, iva nechokwadi chokuti vanogara vachigovana zvikwereti, kusanganisira mabhii ekuongorora uye mamwe mimwe miitiro inokosha kukutarisira kwenguva refu.
> Sources:
> Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). "HIV pakati pevanhu vakwegura 50 uye vakwegura." Atlanta, Georgia; August 3, 2015.
> INSIGHT START Chidzidzo Chekudzidza. "Kutanga kweAntiretroviral Therapy muAt Early Asymptomatic HIV Infection." New England Journal of Medicine. July 20, 2015; DOI: 10.1056 / NEJMoa1506816.
> Mdodo, R .; Frazier, E ;; Mattson, C ;; et al. "Kusvuta fodya pakati pevaHIV + vakuru mukutarisira: Kuongorora Kurapa Kwemishonga, US, 2009." Musangano we20 pamusoro peRevroviruses uye Mikana Inopesana (CROI 2013). Atlanta, Georgia; March 3-6, 2013: Abstract 775.
> Dhipatimendi reUnited Health of Health and Human Services (DHHS). "Yakakurudzirwa Immunisms for HIV Positive Adults." Washington, DC; August 3, 2015.
> Cannon, J. "Kuramba Uine HIV neAIDS - Makomborero eC ACSM Itai Kuti Kuita Zvokuita Zvigoneke Kwevarwere." Mazuva ano Mantician. October 2011; 13 (10): 86.