Chirwere chetachiona gland chinowanzobereka zvinetso zvemwoyo. Ichokwadi, chimwe chezvikonzero zvakakosha zvekuongorora nekurapa chirwere chetachiona ndechekudzivirira mamiriro emwoyo anogona kubva pairi.
Overview
Utachiona gland ishungu duku iri mumutsipa iri pasi peapulo yaAdam, uye inotungamirira kumira zvinhu zvakawanda zvinokosha mumuviri.
Nokuratidza huwandu hwakakwana hwehomoni yekemikari, utachiona hunobatsira kudzora muviri wako kushandiswa kwemagetsi - zvinonyanya kukosha, kuti muviri wako unoshandisa sei muviri wako - pamwe nekushanda kwako, kushanda kwemishu, uye ruvara rweganda.
Kutaura zvazviri, utachiona hunenge huripo humwe hunoita nhengo dzose mumuviri, kusanganisira moyo.
Mune munhu anenge ane chirwere chepfungwa chero chipi zvacho, kushungurudzika kwetachiona gland kunogona kukuvadza zvirwere zvemwoyo kana kukonzera zvitsva, uye kunogona kukurumidza kukanganisa dambudziko remwoyo. Chirwere chetachiona chinogona kutowedzera mararamiro matsva emwoyo mukati mevanhu vane hupenyu hwakanaka.
Chirwere chetachiona chinokanganisa mwoyo kana kubudisa hutachiona hushoma (hormone inonzi " hypothyroidism" ) kana kuti utachiona hwakawandisa (hunonzi hyperthyroidism ). Zvose zviri zviviri zvinetso zvetachiona zvinojairika uye zvose zviri zviviri zvinogona kuva nemigumisiro inokosha pamwoyo.
Hypothyroidism
Utachiona hweHyroid hunokosha zvikuru kune hutano hwemwoyo. Kana pasina hormone yekodha yakawanda, kunyange mwoyo kana mutezo weropa zvinogona kuita zvakanaka.
Mu hypothyroidism, iyo yakaderera yakawanda yehomoni yekemikari inokonzera mwoyo wemisumbu kuti ipfuure zvishoma uye pakupedzisira kushayiwa simba.
Mukuwedzera, mushumo wemwoyo haugoni kunyarara zvakakwana mushure mokunge imwe neimwe inorohwa.
Kukundikana kwekusununguka kunogona kubvisa diastolic kusagadzikana, mamiriro ezvinhu anogona kutungamirira kumoyo kukanganisa . Hypothyroidism inokonzerawo mitsipa yeropa kuti iome, iyo inogona kukonzera kuwedzera kwehutano .
Zviratidzo zvepachiviri zvinogona kuitika kune ani zvake ane hypothyroidism, asi ivo vanogona kunyanya kune vanhu vane hutano hwepfungwa.
Matambudziko anokonzera mwoyo ane chokuita ne hypothyroidism anosanganisira:
- Dyspnea -Kuwedzera kwekufema mukushingaira uye kushaya muviri kushivirira mu hypothyroidism kazhinji kunokonzerwa nekushaya simba mumatope emasumbu. Muvanhu vane chirwere chemwoyo, zvinogona kunge zvichikonzerwa nekuwedzera kukanganisa mwoyo.
- Inononoka mwoyo yezinga ( bradycardia ) -Kutanga kwemwoyo kunoderedzwa nehomoni yehomoni. Saka, ne hypothyroidism, kushaya kwemwoyo kunowanzova 10 kusvika 20 kurova paminiti zvishoma kudarika zvinowanzoitika. Kunyanya muvarwere vane chirwere chemwoyo, zvisinei, hypothyroidism inogona kukuvadza kufanana kwekurova nguva isati yamboita (yakadai sePVCs ) uye inogona kukonzera kushaya ropa.
- Diastolic hypertension -One angafunga kuti, nokuti kushaya hutachiona hwetachiona kunopedzisira kuchideredza metabolism, vanhu vane hypothyroidism vangava nehana yakanyanya yeropa . Kazhinji, zvakasiyana-siyana ndezvechokwadi-mishonga inoputika mu hypothyroidism, iyo inokonzera kuti diastolic yeropa risimbe.
- Kuwedzeredza kwekushaya kwemoyo kana kutanga kutsva kwepfungwa kusagadzikana -Hypothyroidism inogona kuita kuti kutadza kwemoyo kunodzora kuwedzere uye kunogona kuita kuti mwoyo usakundikana kwenguva yekutanga kune varwere vane chirwere chepfungwa chinenge chiine simba.
- Edema (kuzvimba) -Edema inogona kuitika semugumisiro wekuora mwoyo kusakundikana. Mukuwedzera, hypothyroidism pachayo inogona kubudisa rudzi rweodema inonzi myxedema, inokonzerwa nekuunganidza kwemaitiro ezvakanaka emaprotin uye mamwe mamolekemu mukati memasikirini emvura (mashizha kunze kwemasero emuviri).
- Kuwedzera kwekodonary artery chirwere (CAD) -Kana kuderedzwa kwehomori yekemikari kunogona kuita kuti angina (kusagadzikana kwechifuva pamwe neCAD) kashoma kune varwere vane angina, kuwedzera kweLDL cholesterol (yakaipa cholesterol) uye muC-proactive protein inowanikwa ne hypothyroidism inogona kukurumidza kuita chero CAD iri pasi.
Hypothyroidism inowanzonyanya kuoma. Zvinowanzove zvishoma nezvishoma zvishoma nezvishoma, saka zviratidzo zvayo zvinogona "kusvetuka" kwauri. Uyezve, kunyanya kune vanhu vakwegura, hypothyroidism inowanzoitika kunze kwechimiro chenyeredzi che "manyorerwo" zviratidzo izvo vanachiremba vanowanzotarisira.
Uyezve, hypothyroidism inowanzoitika kupfuura vanoona vanachiremba. Saka kana iwe uine zviratidzo zvinoratidza kufungidzirwa kwe hypothyroidism uye chiremba wako haafaniri kunge akazvigadzirira kana kuti anonzwisisika tsanangudzo kwavari (kunyanya kana iwe uine chirwere chepfungwa chero ipi zvayo), unofanirwa kubvunza chiremba wako kuti aongorore utachiona hwehomoni.
Hypothyroidism inorapwa nemishonga yekemhoni yehomoni . Kurapa kwakakwana kwe hypothyroidism chinhu chinonyangadza uye chinokakavadzana.
Hyperthyroidism
Hyperthyroidism inokonzerwa nekuwedzera kweprotoni yehomoni yehomoni. Apo pane huwandu hwehutori hwehutano, mushupa wemwoyo "uri kurohwa" sezvinoita bhiza uye, nokuti munhu ane chirwere chepfungwa anenge kufamba bhiza rakaneta.
Kuwedzera kwetoriyori hormone inowedzera simba rekudzivirira kwemutsipa wemwoyo uye inowedzera kuwanda kwe okisijeni inodaidzwa nemoyo. Inowedzerawo kuwedzera kwemwoyo. Somugumisiro, basa remoyo rakawanda zvikuru.
Zviratidzo zvepachiviri zvinogona kuitika kune ani zvake ane hyperthyroidism, asi inogona kunge yakanyanya kuipa kune vanhu vane chirwere chepfungwa chepfungwa. Zviratidzo zvinozivikanwa zvinosanganisira:
- Kutsvaira kwemwoyo kushamwaridzana ( tachycardia ) uye mapapiro -Kutenda (kureva kuti, kusingafadzi) hyperthyroidism chinhu chinowanzokonzera kuwedzerwa kwepfungwa yemwoyo pazororo uye nekuedza zvishoma. Hyperthyroidism inofanira kugara ichirongwa pasina kuongorora ropa kusati kwaita kuti kuongororwa kwe sinus tachycardia isina kukodzera . Kunyanya muvarwere vane chirwere chepfungwa chepfungwa, hyperthyroidism inogonawo kugadzira mamwe maitiro e-arrhythmias, akadai sePVCs, ventricular tachycardia, uye kunyanya inrial fibrillation . Zvechokwadi, zvakakosha kutonga kunze hyperthyroidism kune ani zvake ane chirwere chekushaya ropa kunze kwechikonzero chakajeka chinokonzera.
- Systolic hypertension -Kubata kwepfungwa mukati memwoyo kunowedzera systolic yeropa (kusuruvara mukati memidziyo yeropa panguva yekudzivirira kwemoyo).
- Dyspnea nekuedza kwakasimba -Kufema kunogona kuitika nekuda kwehutachipa hwemutsipa husina simba hunobatanidza ne hyperthyroidism kana kuti kuora kwekushaya kwemoyo.
- Kutadza kwemoyo -Hyperthyroidism pachayo inogona kuita kuti mwoyo usakundikana, asi zvishoma chete. Kune rumwe rutivi, kana chirwere chepfungwa chisati chavapo chiripo, kuwedzera kwekushaya kwemoyo ne hyperthyroidism kwave kuchijairika uye kunogona kuva kwakaoma zvikuru kubata.
- Kuwedzera angina -Vatano vane CAD vanowanzoona kuwedzera kwezviratidzo ne hyperthyroidism. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kuwedzera kwemainina kana kunyange kuora mwoyo.
Sezvo ne hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism inogona kuvapo isina kubudisa zviratidzo zvekuverenga zvinyorwa zvekare. Saka ani naani ane chero ipi zvayo yezviratidzo zvepachimiro izvo zvisingakwanisi kutsanangurwa nyore nyore zvinofanira kuva nehutachiona hwehutano hwahwo huchienzaniswa.
Nzira "yakanakisisa" yokubata hyperthyroidism inokakavadzana. MuUnited States, vanachiremba vakawanda vanobva vasarudza kubvisa chirwere chetrojeni chisina simba uye ineodacid iodine . Vanobva vapa murwere wehutachiona hormone mapiritsi kubvira apo chirwere chetachiona hachina kushanda. Zvisinei, izvi dzimwe nguva zvinogona kunge zvakakanganisa kubva pane dzimwe nguva utachiona husina kupindira huri chirwere chepachipatara cheHashimoto, mune izvo zviitiko zvinopisa chirwere chetachiona hachidikanwi.
Kunyange zvazvo uchishandisa zvinodhaka kuti udzivise zvishoma utachiona gland (yakadai seTapazole kana PTU muU.S.) inogadzira zvimwe zvehutano hwekugara kwenguva refu kuvanachiremba, nyanzvi dzakawanda dzinofunga kuti zvinogona kutungamirira pakupedzisira vanofara varwere.
Shoko Rinobva
Chirwere chetachiona chinogona kuvhiringidza kushandiswa kwemaitiro emitambo yomuviri. Pakati pezvinetso zvakakomba zvinogona kukonzerwa nehutachiona zvirwere zvinokanganisa mwoyo. Kutaura zvazviri, chirwere chetachiona chikonzero chinowanzogadziriswa chinokonzerwa nemamiriro ezvinhu emwoyo. Chero ani anoita zviratidzo zvepfungwa zvevamwe chero rudzi runofanira kuva nechokwadi chokuti chiremba wavo anoongorora maitiro avo ehutachiona, uye kuti chero yehutachiona iyo inogona kuwanikwa inokodzera kurapwa.
> Sources
> Klein I, Ojamaa K. Thyroid Hormone Uye Mwoyo Mwoyo. N Engl J Med 2001 Feb 15; 344 (7): 501-9.
> Jonklaas J, Bianco AC, Bauer AJ, et al. Mirayiridzo Yekurapa KwaHypothyroidism: Yakagadzirwa neAmerican Thyroid Association Task Force On Thyroid Hormone Replacement. Thyroid 2014; 24: 1670.
> Ross DS, Burch HB, Cooper DS, et al. 2016 American Thyroid Association Mirayiridzo yeKutsvaga uye Kutungamirirwa kweHyperthyroidism nezvimwe Zvikonzero zve Thyrotoxicosis. Thyroid 2016; 26: 1343.