Pamberi Penguva YeZvenhau, zvakawanda zvemishonga zvaive nehuwandu hwakawanda sezvakaitwa nesayenzi. Vanachiremba vakatsigira maitiro avo ekucherechedza zvisingatauriki kupfuura zvavanoita munguva yemazuva ano. Izvi zvinonyanya kukonzerwa nekushandiswa kwekombiyuta yehutano inokurapa mishonga.
Chimwe chezvibatsiro zvehutano hwehujithali ndechokuti hofisi yechiremba haisati yasvika pedyo neimba kare. Isu takapiwa simba rekutora mamwe mabasa kana zvasvika pakutano hwedu.
Tekhiyanzvi inotsigira "quantification yega" inotibvumira kunyora zvakasiyana-siyana zvehutano hwemagariro evanhu pamwe nekucherechedza mabasa edu epanyama. Uyezve, kuwandisa kwezvinyorwa zvezvokurapa kwakagadzirisa kuwanikwa kwehutano hwedu hwehutano, pamwe nekuvandudza kusarurama kwenyaya yezvokurapa.
Pakati pezviitiko zvakanaka pamusoro peMHealth (hutano hwehutano) uye zvigadzirwa zvehutano zvej digital, mamwe mibvunzo ari kuitika iyo inoda kutariswa kana uchishandisa teknolojia ino ino. Mimwe yemibvunzo iyi inokosha inosanganisira:
- Pane here zvinetso zvakapoteredza kushandiswa kwakapararira kwezvishandiso zvinosakara uye mapurogiramu?
- Ndeipi migumisiro yekugoverana nheyo dzehutano zvakasununguka?
- Ko mamwe mapoka evashandisi anogona kuve akaoma zvikuru (kupfuura mamwe) kana aiswa kune zvakawanda zvakanyanya zvehutano data izvo zvisinganyatsonzwisisi?
Digital Utano Internet Trends
Maererano nemushumo wakagadzirirwa naMean Meeker weKleiner Perkins, 25 muzana yeAmerica iye zvino vane chipfeko chinopfeka.
Izvi zvinomiririra kuwedzera kwe12 kubva muna 2016. Pakati peMillennials, kushandiswa kwezvishandiso zvinosakara zvinowanzopararira ne40 muzana. Zvirongwa zvinonyanyozivikanwa zvikuru ndezvokuti accelerometers-speed inotaridzwa nemapfumbamwe emazana emazana ezvigadzirwa zvemaoko anoshandiswa mazuva ano-achiteverwa nemajeri ekuyera kwenhamba yemwoyo (33 muzana).
Accelerometers inowanzoshandiswa pamwe nemamwe masero, akadai sevete sensor uye pedometers.
Zvitano zvehutano zvefoni zvinenge zvichiwedzera. Vazhinji vedu tiri kutokandira zviyero zvakasiyana-siyana zvinopikira kuvandudza hutano hwedu nekugara zvakanaka, kusanganisira fitness, kudya, uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvekushanda-zvakashandiswa. Vazhinji vashandi (88 muzana) vanoshandisa imwe nhumbi yehutano yejeri, uye mumwe we10 anogona kuonekwa sevanoshandisa vashandi, vachishandisa zvishandiso zvishanu zvehutano zvehutano kana kupfuura. Ongororo inoratidza kuti hatisi kungoshanyira zvakakwana dheti rehutano hwedu, asi isu tiri kuwedzera kugovana nayo-nechido kana kwete.
Nzira inowedzera yehutano hwehuwandu hwemashoko inogona kuonekwa zvakare muhofisi yechiremba. Nhamba yevashandi vehofisi vanoshandisa mahofisi emagetsi ehutano (EHR) yakasimuka kubva pa21 muzana muna 2004 kusvika 87 muzana muna 2015. Kuwedzerwa kwezvinyorwa zvedu zviri kuwanikwa mujimu rejedi, kusanganisira zvibereko zvemakirini uye mifananidzo yemuviri yakaonekwa pamwe chete nhoroondo yezvechiremba.
Mapoka emagariro ekufambira mberi ari kupa simba kuvarwere kuti vave chikamu chikuru chekutarisira kwavo. Pane imwe nguva isingawanzoitiki mumakiriniki, zvipatara zvino zvinoita kuti vatengi vaone ruzivo rwehutano hwavo paIndaneti (95 muzana) kana kutora deta yavo (87 muzana) nokuda kwekuona pasina.
Makore mashomanana akapfuura data yehutano kazhinji yaiwaniswa kubva kune varwere, asi kuwanika kune deta iko zvino kunowanzoonekwa semurwere.
Kuwana nyore nyore kudarika hakusi iyo chete inogadzirisa pakuita kuti ruzivo urwu rubudirire. Mune mharidzo yake, Meeker anopa kuverenga kunoratidza kuti chipatara chema 500-bedzi nevane 8 000 vashandi vanounganidza 50 petabytes (50 mamiriyoni gigabytes) ematare gore negore. Kutarisira iyi yakawandisa yematare, uye kuitora iyo inobatsira uye inoshandiswa, zvakare inetso.
Kudiwa kweScience Smart Consumer
Kushandisa zvigaro zvehutano zvakasiyana-siyana uye zvigadzirwa zvehutano zvemagetsi zvinogona kubatsira Zvisinei, patinoshandisa Indaneti uye Indaneti yeZvamwe kuti zvigadzirire hutano hwedu, isu tinonetseka pakugadzira zvinyorwa zvitsva zvinowanikwa kune vatengesi nevatengesi.
Tinofanira kuziva kuti kufambira mberi munharaunda yehutano kunorevawo kuti vamwe vanhu uye masangano vanogona kuziva nezve data yedu, uyewo mararamiro edu ane chokuita nehutano.
Chimwe chinetseka pamusoro pematafura acho ndiwo hutano hwemashoko anounganidzwa. Kune huwandu huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri huri Iri boka rinowanzotsanangurira vavariro yavo sekusanganiswa kwechido mune hutano uye nzira yekucherechedza maitiro ekudzivirira. Zvisinei, vanhu vari muboka iri havasi ivo vane ruzivo rwekushandisa zvakanaka teknolojia yehutano kana vasina kutarisirwa nachiremba uye vasina kunyatsogadzirirwa kuti vangashandisa sei zvigadzirwa.
Erik Grönvall weI IT University yeCopenhagen naNervo Verdezoto yeAarhus Yunivhesiti kuDenmark inoratidza kuti kunyange vashandisi vangave vakakwanisa kutora zviyero zvavo, izvi zviyero hazvibvumirwe zvakakodzera kana zvigadzirwa zvehutano zvemagetsi zvisina kushandiswa zvakanaka. Chidzidzo chacho chakatevera vanhu vanozviona-vanoongorora ropa ravo pamba. Kuti uwane chiyero chakavimbika chemichina yehutano, mamwe mazano anowanzoda kuteverwa. Somuenzaniso, neropa, "gara ugare kwemaminitsi mashanu usati watora muyero." Dzimwe nguva, vashandisi vasingashandisi kushandisa zvishandiso havasi kuziva migumisiro yekutaura zvisina kujeka zvigumisiro.
Grönvall naVerdezeto vanocherechedzawo kuti avo vanobatana navo vakajeka pamusoro pekusava nehanya nevasingazivi vanobatanidzwa muhutano hwehutano hwavo. Kune vazhinji vavo, kuisa maitiro ehutano uye zvigumisiro hazvina kugamuchirwa kunze kwekuti zvichitaura kune chiremba wavo. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti imwe yehuwandu yekuverenga nekunyora inodiwa apo paunounganidza uye uchishandisa zviyero zvehutano hwako. Vanhu vazhinji vangave vasingazivi kana vachigovana dhesi yavo uye / kana chii chinoitika kwavari kana yagoverwa.
Chinangwa chekuzviongorora uye maitiro eDhiyabhorosi
Purofesa Deborah Lupton, uyo anoshanda paYunivhesiti yeCanberra's News & Media Research Center, anosiyanisa pakati pemitemo yakasiyana-siyana yekuzvitsvakisisa: yega, yomunharaunda, yakasimudzirwa, yaiswa uye inoshandiswa.
Vanhu vanowanzoita "kuzviteerera pachavo" kuti vawane zviri nani kuzviziva. Vanounganidza dhenda mu "n = 1" mamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana-siyana, saka dhigirii inogumira kune mumwe nomumwe uye akachengetwa pachake. Kunyatsoteerera kunogona kusanganiswa ne "communal self-tracking" uko data yavo inoratidzirwa, ndokuenzanisa uye kugoverana vachishandisa mapurisa nemagariro evanhu. Iko rudzi rwekutsinhanisa ruzivo rwakabatanidzwa nevagari venyika svesa, kupararira kwevanhu, uye kukura kwevanhu.
Zvadaro, Lupton inotaura nezve "kukanganisa kuzviteerera" apo chinangwa chinowanzobva kune rimwe sangano uye kukurudzirwa kunze kunopiwa kuti uwane uye ugova neruzivo rwako. Tinogona kuchengeta rudzi urwu rwekutsvaga nemamwe makambani einishuwarenzi anopa zvinokurudzira kune vatengi kana vachibvumirana kugovana dhepe yavo pachavo.
"Kuzvitsvakurudza" ndeimwe nzira yekutsvaga inopa mamwe maitiro kune mamwe mapato kunze kwekushandisa. Semuenzaniso, vashandi vanogona kudiwa kuti vashandise masero anocherechedza maitiro avo uye hutano. Pakupedzisira, Lupton inotaura nezve "kushandiswa kuzviona" apo data yedu (yakaungana mune imwe yenzira dzakasarudzwa) inodzokororwa nokuda kwezvokutengeserana. Dhiyabhorosi inogadzirwa uye inoshandiswa nehuwandu hwekutengeserana.
Kune humwe humwe humwe huwandu huwandu hwehurumende, masangano ezvokutengeserana nemasangano ari kuve nehanya nekukohwa dhesi rakakonzerwa kuburikidza nemhando dzakasiyana dzema sensor uye zvipfeko. Lupton anotaura kuti nyaya yacho inowedzera kukakavara kana vanhu vakamanikidzwa kana kuti vasina kukanganisa mukugovana dheinhi ravo.
Kodzero Yedu Ndeipi?
Kunyangwe kana deta isanganiswa zvisingazivikanwi kana iri muunganidzwa, muperekedzi angakwanisa kutengesa kana kugovera pamwe nemamwe mapato. Nokudaro, zvakakosha kutarisa purogiramu yega yega yega pasina kushandisa chero chinhu chipi zvacho chinokwanisa kuunganidza dunhu rega. Kushandura bhatani "Ndinobvumirana" pane software inoita kuti aya majekiti ekushandura aite kuti iwe uve mupfumi wezvinyorwa. Zvakaipisisa, software haigoni kukubvumira kushandisa uye / kana kuchengetedza data yako nenzira yaunoda.
"Unhu" pamusoro pezvinyorwa zvako ndeyekukakavara. Yedu yedhi data data inowanikwa zvakanyanya, asi dzimwe nguva iyo kuwanika kunorambidzwa kune iye arikusika. Kazhinji, hazvisi zvakaoma kunyora kana kutumira dunhu remunhu. Cloud servers inowanzotungamirirwa nemafemu ane zvirevo zvepamutemo pamusoro pe datasets theyvanounganidza. Kufarira kwavo kuBig Data kwakasiyana neyevamwe vehutano vanoda. Kunyange zvazvo vashandi vakawanda vari kungotsvaka tsanangudzo shomanana muhutano hwavo, hurumende nehurumende dzinofarira kuwana huwandu hwemashoko kuburikidza nekushandura dheti rehutano hwedu uye kuishandisa kune vanhu vakawanda.
Neil Richards naWoldrow Hartzog, vaprofesa vaviri vakakurumbira vemutemo, vanotaura kuti kana zvasvika kuBig Data uye paIndaneti , vanhu vakawanda havana simba kudarika hurumende nehurumende. Nenzira yakajeka, zvinogona kuva zvakaoma kuchengetedza upenyu hwedu hwema digital kubva pakuongorora. Ukama uhu husina kufanana hwakatsanangurwa seimwe chimiro che "digital divide." Kuchinja kwehutano hwejw.org, kupararira kwehutano hwehutano huripo, uye kuwedzera kwakaoma kwehutano hwetanoti zvinoreva kushandiswa kwevatengi kuverenga nekunyora kunokosha kupfuura kare.
Kwete Kunyatsonzwisisa Dhiyabhorosi Unopiwa
Kuwanda uye kuwanika kwehutano hwepanyama zvinogona kuwandisa vamwe vashandi nyore nyore. Vanhu vanogara vachida kuzvidya mwoyo vanogona kuwana kunzwisisa dambudziko ravo rehutano rinopesana, kunyanya kana vakagamuchira zvinyorwa zvemashoko zvinogona kutyisa. Ryen White, Ph.D., naEric Horvitz, Ph.D., vakadzidza nezve cyberchondria-shanduro yezuva rezuva re hypochondria-iyo yakaratidza kuti Indaneti inogona kuva nemigumisiro yakawandisa. Kune vanenge 50 muzana yevanhu, webhutori inoderedza kuzvidya mwoyo. Zvisinei, 40 muzana yevaya vanofambira paInternet kuti vanzwisise matambudziko avo ehutano vanonyanya kunetseka mushure mekutsvakurudza kwavo.
Kana yakaoma nhepfenyuro dze data dzichiwana nyore nyore mune zvinyorwa zvisiri kunze kumushandisi, vanhu vane hanya-hutano vangave vane ruzivo rwekuongorora nguva dzose dhesi yavo. Chidzidzo cheDutch chakatungamirirwa nemuprofesa wechikwata Martin Tanis akaratidza kuti pane ukama huri pakati pehutano hwehutano nehutano hwehutano hwehutano hunotsvaga. Nokudaro, zvinogona kukwikwidzwa kuti vamwe vanhu vanogona kunge vakanyanyisa kubatanidzwa nedata ravo, kunyanya kana vasinganyatsonzwisisi zvarinoreva.
Kunetseka kune rumwe rutivi rwemutsara ndeyekuti yakambocherechedza kuti vamwe vashandisi vari kutanga kuti zvimwe vanovimba nemichina yavo yekutevera yakawanda. Vazhinji vedu tinokura mitemo yezvokwadi yezvido zvedu uye kuyerwa. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akaenzana, aya maitiro ehupenyu anofanirwa kutichengetedza. Zvisinei, mazuva ano, vamwe vanosarudza kuongorora mapurogiramu avo ekudya kudya vasati vadya kudya. Kunyange zvazvo ruzivo uye ruzivo rwezvizhinji zvehutano zvikomborero zvakakosha uye zvakajeka, pane zvakawanda zvakawanda zvisiri izvo. Kana chirongwa chako chekudya chiri kutora pasi yako caloric kudya uye basa rako tracker rinoshuvarisa yako caloric kupisa, iyo iri mutsara wekuwedzera kuwedzera. Pakupedzisira, mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, zviri kumushandi wekupedzisira kuziva chiyero chekururama kubva kune chero ipi zvayo yakagadzirwa kana kuti dhiyabhorosi.
> Sources:
> Lupton D. Maitiro okuzvitsvakira: mafungiro ekuzviongorora uye maitiro. 2014.
> Poel F, Baumgartner S, Hartmann T, Tanis M. Nyaya inofadza ye cyberchondria: Kuongorora kwenguva refu pamusoro pehukama hwehutano hwehutano nehutano hwehutano hutsvaga hutsvaga. Nyaya Yezvokuzvidya Mwoyo , 2016: 32-40.
> Richards N, Hartzog W. Kusiyana kwekutendeseka kwehutano: kuongorora. Yale Law Journal, 2017; (4): 1180-1224.
> Verdezoto N, Grönvall E. Pamusoro pekuchengetedza ropa mukati mekuzvidzivirira pamba. Cognition, Technology & Work , 2016; 18 (2): 267
> White R, Horvitz E. Cyberchondria zvidzidzo zvekuwedzera kwezvokurapa mune webhutsva. ACM Kutengeserana kune Zvigadzirwa zveMashoko , 2009; (4): 23.