Biomaterials vari kuve chikamu chinokosha chemazuva mazhinji ekurapa uye kuongororwa, uye tsvakurudzo mundima iyi irikukura nokukurumidza. Mimwe yenzvimbo dzinofadza zvikuru ndezvemapfupa, ophthalmology , kurapwa kwekenza uye kuchengetwa kwemazino.
A biomaterial is a substance that has been designed to take the form that is used to direct the course of therapeutic or diagnosis procedure .
Kunyange zvazvo zvizhinji zvezviongorori zvezviomaterials zvakaitwa pamhuka dzezvipfuwo kana mu-vitro panguva ino, masayendisiti anofanotaura kuti zvitsva zvichakurumidza kushandiswa mumatambudziko evanhu.
Ophthalmology uye BioMaterials
Amniotic membrane (AM) yakashandiswa pakuvandudzazve kweziso kwemakore mazhinji. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, maitiro matsva agadziriswa kuti aite kuti cornea ishande zvakanyanya. Izvozvi chirwere chinowanzoitwa apo kune kuora kwechigarire kune ziso rinokonzerwa nechirwere kana kupisa kwemakemikari.
AM inowanikwa kubva mukati memukati wepa placenta uye ine anti-inflammatory uye anti-scarring properties, iyo inoita kuti ive membrane yakanaka. Zvisinei, AM mhuka yakasviba yakaonda uye yakazara, iyo inogona kuchinja maonero evanhu. Masayendisiti vari kutsvakurudza nzira dzekutsvaira uye optically kutsanangura AM kuburikidza nekugadzira mhando yezvinyorwa. Vanodavira kuti zvavakawana zvichabatsira mberi AM nenzira dzakanakisisa dzinoshandisa mashoko mumabasa ekuvandudza maziso evanhu.
Biomaterials for Improved Cancer Diagnostics and Treatment
Pakave nekuve nekufambira mberi kwakanyanya kushandisa biomaterials zvakasiyana mukurapa kenza. Izvi zvinosanganisira kushandisa zvigadzirwa zvepakutanga kugadzirisa kuongororwa uye kufungidzirwa kwemakirini akasiyana-siyana, pamwe nekuvashandisa kurwira mishonga inopesana nekenza nenzira inoshanda.
Mishonga inotarisa tumarara zvakananga yakaratidzwa senzira inofadza yekurapa kenza. Vanokwanisa kutora zvipembenene zvakakura kune kenza masero uye zvinokonzera zvishoma madhara.
Nokuda kwechinangwa chekurapa kenza, vatsvakurudzi vanobva kuYunivhesiti yeAdelaide, kuAustralia, vakagadzira uye vakagadzira 3D titanium wire-based implan t ne titania nanotube arrays inogona kutakurwa nemishonga yekenza uye inoshandiswa sechirwere chekushandisa zvinodhaka. Zvidzidzo zvavo zvakaratidza kuti kana kenza yekurapa inopihwa nemishonga mitsva, kenza dzemazamu dzemazamu dzakawanda zvishoma kuti dzirambe dzichirarama. Munguva yekutsvakurudza kwavo, mazuva matatu mushure mekuiswa kwekuisa, tumarara dzemaitiro dzakatanga kutaridzika. Vatsvakurudzi vanosimbisawo kuti iyi nzira itsva ye chemotherapeutic inogona kugadziriswa kune dzimwe mhando dzekenza mune ramangwana.
Kununura zvinodhaka kunzvimbo chaiyo yezvipembenene inzira iyo iri kuongororwa mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzemishonga. Semuenzaniso, kusagadzikana kwezvinodhaka mabhakitiriya zvirwere, izvo zvava dambudziko rinowedzera nekuda kwekushandiswa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, inogona kurapwa kushandiswa kuburikidza nekufambira mberi kwezvino mu biomaterials. Sirivha-yakasungirirwa mesoporous silica nano motokari inenge yashandiswa pamhando dzemhando kuti dzirwe maantibiotiki kune nzvimbo dzisina kurwara.
Mukutsvakurudza kwemhuka, nanoplatforms dzakaratidzwa kuti dzakanyatsoshanda pakuuraya mabhakitiriya, panguva imwe chete kushandisa zvose sirivha nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya.
Cartilage Tissue Engineering
Dr. Tanya Levingstone kubva kuRoyal College of Surgeons muIreland (RCSI) ari kutsvaga imwe nzvimbo inofadza yekutsvakurudza zvinhu. Levingstone chikamu cheB Bone uye Tissue Engineering Research Group. Iri boka rakanyatsofambira mberi pakugadzirisa zvinhu zvingabatsira kubatanidza zvigunwe zvakakuvadzwa. Dare rekutsvakurudza rakabatana nechekutsvakurudza nzvimbo AMBER ( Advanced Materials neByOEngineering Research) uye yakagadzira 3D multi-layered porous scaffold iyo inosanganisira collagen, hydroxyapatite uye hyaluronic acid.
Zvose izvi zviripo muhutano hwakanaka uye zvine simba rekutungamira masero emuviri kuti agadzirise masangano akaora.
Mune zvidzidzo zvavo zvenguva ichangobva kuitwa, vaRussia vatsvakurudzi vakaedza chidimbu pamwedzi wemwedzi gumi nemashanu. Bhiza rakanga richirwara nechirwere chinokanganisa chemabvi maviri ake emabvi anonzi osteochondritis dissecans. Zvimwe zviitiko zvechiitiko ichi zvinogona kuva zvakanyanya mumhuka izvo zvinoda kuyananiswa. Mushure mekutarisa nzira yekuita sarthroscopic iyo yakabvisa mabheji asingasimbiswi, zvinyorwa zvakasara zvakaiswa mumashandi emabhiza. Somugumisiro, pfupa rutsva nekartilage yakaumbwa, sezvakaratidzwa nekutsvakurudza kwemwedzi mishanu mushure mekutanga kwekutanga. Iyo bhiza jaya rine maimboti akaipa anotarisa ikozvino kunodzokera kudzidzira kwezviratidzo zvekuzviratidza.
Nyaya yacho yakange yave nekodzero uye yava kuzivikanwa seCondroColl. Icho chibereko chechipiri chechikwata mumunda wekugadzirisa pfupa. Pakupedzisira, vakagadzira uye vakaedza kugadziriswa kwemapfupa scaffold inonzi HydoxyCall, iyo yatotenderwa CE yakagamuchirwa uye yakaunzwa kumusika nekambani yekutanga kubva kuRCSI, inonzi SugarColl Technologies. ChondroColl iye zvino inomirira kugamuchirwa, uye zvidzidzo zvekutanga kune vanhu vane utera hwe osteochondral zvinotarisirwa kutanga munguva yemberi.
Kuchengeta Kuora Kwezino
Vatsvakurudzi vanobva kuYunivhesiti yePennsylvania vari kutsvaga nzira dzakanakisisa dzokubvisa mazino emeno anokwanisa dzimwe nguva kuita kuti kubuda kwezino kuora. Vakagadzira nanoparticles zvinokonzera basa rinoita se-peroxide-iro rinogona kuvhiringidza matrix ekudzivirira anowedzera mabhakitiriya akawanikwa mumuromo mako. Iyi nhanho yakagadzirirwa ikozvino yakayerwa pamakoriti emhando uye yakaratidza kuderera kukuru kuora kwezino. Dare racho rinotarisira kuti munguva pfupi iri kushandisa ruzivo urwu mukurapa zvirwere zvemuromo zvevanhu. Vari kuronga kuti zvingangosanganisira zvinokonzera nanoparticles ne peroxide mune zvekutengesa mazino emakwenzi nemishonga yewa mouthwash sechirongwa chitsva chekurwisana muhondo yekurwiswa kwezino.
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