Kudzivirira Paunenge Uchitarisira Mhuri Kana Utano Ngozi
Mhuri uye Medical Medical Act Act muna 1993 (FMLA ) inoshanda kune vashandi vega vega vanove nevashandi makumi mashanu kana kupfuura vanorarama mukati memakiromita makumi manomwe kubva panzvimbo yebasa. Vashandi vanobvumirwa vanogona kutora zororo kuti vawane hutano hwehutachiona hwehutachiona hweHIV , kana kuti kutarisira kune imwe mhuri yemhuri ine chirwere chakakomba cheutano, kusanganisira HIV
Vashandi vanokodzera vane kodzero yekuwana mavhiki gumi nemaviri evhavha yebasa-yakachengetedzwa, isina kubhadharwa panguva ipi neipi yemwedzi gumi nemaviri. Kuti ave akakodzera, mushandi anofanira kunge akave nemushandi kwemwedzi isingapfuuri 12 uye akashanda kwemaawa 1,250.
Zvikonzero zvakakodzera zvekuenda pasi peFMF dzinosanganisira:
- Urwere hwemunhu kana hwemhuri
- Kuberekwa uye kutarisirwa shure kwekuberekwa
- Kuchengeta mwana achangoberekwa kana mwana muchecheche
- Mhuri yechiuto inobva pamusana pokurwara kwakanyanya kwomuviri webasa rakavharwa
I-FMLA yakapinda mutemo neMutungamiri Bill Clinton musi waFebruary 5, 1993 uye yakatanga kushanda musi waAugust 5, 1993.
Kudzivirirwa Kunobatsira Pasi Pema FMLA
I-FMLA inobvumira munhu anokwanisa kukwanisa kupfuurira mberi kweboka rehutano hwehutano paanenge achienda. Paanodzoka kubva muzororo, mushandi anofanira kudzorerwa kune imwechete kana imwe nzvimbo yakaenzana nebhadharo yakaenzana, zvibatsiro nemamiriro ekushanda.
Izvi zvinodzivirira, zvisinei, hazvisi zvachose zvakakandwa mumatombo.
Kunyange zvazvo vanhu vakasarudzwa se "vashandi vanobhadharwa zvikuru" - vanotsanangurwa sevamwe "vari pakati pepamusoro-soro vakabhadhara 10% yevashandi" mukati memakiromita makumi maviri emabhizimisi - vane kodzero yekuenda, vashandi havakwanisi kudzorera munhu kune imwechete kana zvakaenzana chigaro kana chevha inokonzera "kukura uye kukanganisa kwehupfumi kwehupfumi" kumabasa ebhizimisi.
Kana muvakidzani akasarudza kuramba mushandi iyeye kana kuti chinzvimbo chakafanana, chiziviso chinofanira kupiwa zvakanyorwa.
Kuongorora Kujekesa Kunogona Kudiwa
Kuti vanhu vane HIV varambe vachidzivirira kuchengetedzwa kweMFT, kubudiswa kwemashoko avo ekurapa kunogona kudiwa. Vashandi havakwanisi kupa mukana wekurapa usina kubhadhara pasi pe FMLA kana vasina kuziviswa nezvekuremara kana hutano hwakakomba.
Kana mushandi achisarudza kuzivisa hutachiona hweHIV, avo veAmerican Disability Act ya1991 (ADA ) vanotsanangura kuti vashandi havagoni kusarura "munhu akakodzera ane hurema," kusanganisira HIV. Izvo zvinosanganisira kupisa kwomumwe munhu zvichienderana nekuremara kwechokwadi kana kuonekwa, kusarura kune vamwe vashandi, kana kushungurudzwa kunobva mukuremara.
Uyezve, Mutemo Wehutano Hwokuchengetedza uye Kuita Mutemo (HIPAA), wakagadzwa neCongress muna 1996, unowedzera kuvimbisa kuti kodzero yekuzvimirira inowedzera kune hutano hwemunhu. Muitiko apo mushandirwi anoda zvinyorwa zvechirwere kana urema, mushandi wehutano hwevashandi kana kambani yveshuwarenzi inofanira kushandisa mavharopu ekutumira mashoko acho sevimbiso sezvinobvira uye nehuwandu hwehuwandu hwemashoko anodiwa.
Kana kuvanzika kuchiputsika , mushandi anogona kutora mvumo yepamutemo uye kuisa chikumbiro neHhovisi yeVanhu veHurumende '(OCR) Health Information Information Office. Mhosva inofanira kuiswa mukati memazuva makumi mapfumbamwe ekudarika uye inogona kuiswa pamagetsi, nepositi kana ne fax kuOCR Regional Manager.
Zvaunofanira Kuita Kana Warega Kufanira Kushanda
Mushandi weDhipatimendi reVashandi veUnited States uye Hour Division (WHD) inokonzera kushandiswa kwemitemo yakawanda yekudzivirira vashandi, kusanganisira FMLA.
Kana uine mibvunzo kana zvikwangwani, unogona kutaurirana neWDD pa866-487-9243 kana kuti kuiraira ivo paIndaneti. Iwe uchazoendeswa kuhofisi yeWD iri pedo newe kuti ubatsirwe.
> Sources:
> US Department of Labor. "Wage uye Hour Division (WHD): Mutemo Wekurapa Kwemhuri uye Yezvokurapa." Washington, DC; yakasvika musi waDecember 22, 2015.
> Atchinson, B. uye Fox, D. (May-June 1997). "Nyaya Yezvematongerwe Enyika Yehutano Inoshandiswa Kwehutano Nokugadzirisa Mutemo ." Health Health. May-June 1997; 16 (3): 146-150.
> US Government Printing Office. "Utano Inishuwarenzi Kubhadhara uye Kuita Mutemo Mutemo wa1996: Mutemo wePublic 104-191 / 104th Congress." Washington, DC; August 21, 1996; DocID: f: publ191.104.