Zvigumisiro zvemakore maviri ekudzidza chinetso chinowirirana zvitendero
Zviongorori zvakawanda zvakaratidza kuti vanhu vanotya kana vasingakwanisi kuzivisa hutachiona hwavo hwe HIV vane pangozi yakakura yekusuruvara uye kuora mwoyo. Izvi, zvinogona kuita kuti zvive zvakaoma kuchengetedza maitiro anodiwa ekuchengetwa kwezvinodhaka kuchengetedza hutachiona zvachose kubviswa, kunyanya kana mishonga yeHIV inofanira kutorwa pakavanda.
Kungwara kunobatsira, saka, kuti vanhu vanokundikana kuzivisa mamiriro avo ehutachiona huchange vari pangozi yekurwara nekufa kune avo vanoita.
Mumakore achangobva kupfuura, masayendisiti atanga kuedza kufunga uku uye akazosvika kune mamwe maonero anoshamisa.
Mitengo yekusatombozivisa
Chidzidzo chemakore maviri, chakaitwa neLondon-based Antiretrovirals, Sexual Transmission Risk, uye Maonero (ASTRA), yakarongedza varume nevakadzi vane hutachiwana hweHIV mune zvehutachiona mumakiriniki masere muUnited States Vaiti vechikamu vaisanganisira vakadzi vanoita zvepabonde , varume vane zvepabonde nevarume (MSM) , varume vane hutano hwakasiyana, avo vose vakaongororwa kubva muna 2009 kusvika muna 2011.
Vatori vechikamu vaisarudzwa kuti vaone kana vainge vaudza mamiriro avo kana "hapana," "vamwe," kana "vazhinji kana vose" vevanhu vavo. Kuzivisa kune vanhu vanoita zvepabonde vasina kubatana kwakanga kusina kubatanidzwa.
Kakawanda, MSM yakawanika kuti inogona kuzarura mamiriro avo ehutachiwana nehuwandu hwemashanu chete kwete kuzivisa kune ani zvake zvachose. Kusiyana neizvi, 16 muzana yevakadzi vanoita zvepabonde uye 17 muzana yevarume vane hutano husina kufanira havana kuzivisa.
Kuvhiringidza kwakanyanya kunonzi kunokonzerwa nepfungwa yokuti "chirango chemagariro evanhu" ekuzarurirwa munharaunda yeMSM yakanga yakanyanya kudarika pane mamwe mapoka.
Zvose zvakataurwa, vatsvakurudzi vakakwanisa kuziva zvinotevera:
| Yakarondedzerwa | Varume Vane Zvepabonde Nevanhu (MSM) | Heterosexual Vakadzi | Heterosexual Varume |
| Hapana | 5% | 16% | 17% |
| Kwete Mhuri | 40% | 33% | 39% |
| Kwete Shamwari | 14% | 43% | 56% |
| Kwete Work Colleagues | 54% | 84% | 84% |
| Mhuri | 32% | 44% | 47% |
| Vamwe Shamwari | 56% | 38% | 50% |
| Vamwe Vashandi Vashandi | 39% | 13% | 14% |
| Yakawanda kana Yose Mhuri | 27% | 20% | 17% |
| Vakawanda kana Shamwari Dzose | 30% | 8% | 17% |
| Yakawanda kana Yese Work Colleagues | 6% | 3% | 2% |
Hazvishamisi kuti, kusazarurirwa kune mumwe wako kana mudzimai wakagadzikana aive akakwirira pakati pevakadzi vanoita zvepabonde (13 muzana), inoteverwa nevarume vanoita zvepabonde (10,9 muzana) uye MSM (4.9 muzana).
Mukadzi asina simba, dambudziko rechisimba, kusawirirana mune zvezvemari, uye kumwe kusaenzana kwepabonde kwaingova chikonzero chekuti nei imwechete pavakadzi vanomwe yakakundikana kuziviswa.
Kwete-Kuzivisa uye Migumisiro yehutano
Mushure mokusimbisa chiitiko chekuzarura chemugove wega wega, vatsvakurudzi vakashandura mune zvinhu zvakadai sezera, dzinza, chitendero, maitiro ekurapa, rubatsiro rwemagariro evanhu, uye hutano hwomunhu paanenge aongororwa.
Izvi zvaienzaniswa nekurapa uye hutano hwehutano hwemubatanidzwa pakuguma kwemakore maviri ekuedzwa, kusanganisira:
- Nhamba yekuchengetwa kwemishonga
- Nhamba yehutachiona hwehutachiona (sekuenzaniswa nehutachiona hwehutachiwana )
- Kuora mwoyo uye kuzvidya mwoyo
Izvo zvakawanikwa nevatsvakurudzi ndezvokuti kusaziviswa, mukati uye pachako, kwakange kusina matambudziko pane imwe yenhau idzi uye kuti vanhu vakasarudza kusataurira vakanga vasina ngozi yakawanda yehutano husina kunaka kune avo vakaita.
Zvavakawana ndezvekuti hutano husina kunaka hwakabatanidzwa nezvimwe zvinhu zvinosanganisira kukwegura, rudzi rwemadzinza , hutachiwana hutachiona hweHIV, uye kusava nehutano hweHIV.
Pakati peSMM, kuva nehukama nechitendero kwaibatanidzawo hutano husina hurombo.
Shoko Rinobva
Kunyange zvazvo zvigumisiro zvingaratidza kuti hutachiona hweHIV hausi hwose hunokosha-kuti iwe unogona kuita zvakanaka chete kana iwe ukaratidza chimiro chako kana kwete-vakawanda vanotaura kuti chidzidzo chacho hachikwanisi kufunga nezvekukanganisa kwakavanzika, kuzvidzora, uye kunzwa manyawi pane hutano hwemunhu pamusoro penguva refu.
Nhasi, nehutano hwakanaka huripo huchipa "kukanganwirwa" kwekurapa kwakanyanya, zvakanyanya kuchinja kubva pakugadzirisa hutachiona sehutano husina kure kune uyo umo HIV inotarisirwa sechikamu chehutano hwemunhu.
Uye, ndiyo iyo nyaya dzinoita sekusuruvara uye kusakwanisa kutsigirwa nevanhu kunokosha. Sezvakanakira zvinhu, zvose zvakabatanidzwa nemazinga akakwirira ekuregererwa kwehutano hwehutano pamwe nehuwandu hwehuwandu hwehutano hwekufa. Zvichinyatsojeka, kusarurana nevamwe vanhu hakugadziri hutano hupi, HIV kana zvimwe.
Chinonyanya kukosha ndeichi: vanhu vane HIV vanowanzofa nhasi nehutachiona husina hutachiona hwaHIV pane hune hutachiona hweHIV. Uyezve, dzakawanda zvezvirwere izvi ( sekenza uye chirwere chemwoyo ) zvinowanzoitika makore 10 kusvika ku15 zvisati zvamboitika kune vanhu vakawanda.
Kunyange zvazvo hutachiwana hweHIV husingarevi hunoita kuti huve nehuwandu hwekugona kudzora hutachiona, hunoita kuti utano hwako hwose uye hupenyu huve nani zvinogona kunge zvakanyanya kuipa.
> Kwakabva:
> Daskalopoulou, M .; Rambi, F .; Phillips, A. et al. "Kwete-kuziviswa kweHIV serostatus uye kushamwaridzana nemafungiro epfungwa, hutachiona huri hutachiona, uye hutachiona hwehutachiona husina kuderedza pakati pevanhu vanogara neHIV muUnited States." AIDS Behav. 2017; 21 (1): 184-95. DOI: 10.1007 / s10461-016-1541-4.