Dambudziko replatelet rinorondedzera kune rimwe remhando nhatu dzemasero eropa-maplatelets, ayo anobatsira kugadzirisa midziyo yeAIDS inoparara uye kumira kubuda ropa. Platelets anobudiswa mumapfupa emapfupa pamwe nemasero machena eropa, anobatsira kurwisana nehutachiona, uye masero matsvuku eropa, anotakura okisijeni kumatumbu.
Platelet disorders inogona kuiswa mumapoka maviri makuru: iyo yakabatana neplatelet number (iyo yakarongeka yeplatelet is 150,000 masero kusvika ku 450,000 masero ne microliter) uye iyo inobatana neplatelet function.
Thrombocytopenia , inoguma nechepasi-kudarika-inowanikwa nhamba yeplatelet, inogona kukura kana bone marora isingakwanisi kubudisa nhamba yakakwana yemaplatelets kana kana maplatelets akaparadzwa mushure mokunge yaitwa.
Thrombocytosis , iyo inoguma nepamusoro-kudarika-yakakwana yeplatelet kuverengwa, inogona kuitika kune rimwe dambudziko rezvehutano kana nekuda kwekuti marora ari kubudisa masero akawanda kwazvo. Platelet function disorders inowanzosiyana zvakanyanya uye inogona kuva necheplatelet yakawanda inofanirwa kana thrombocytopenia zvichienderana nerudzi.
Kazhinji platelet nhamba hazvibatsirwe nezera kana hutano semasero matsvuku eropa kana hemoglobin.
Nzvimbo Dzose dzePlatelet Disorders
- Chinokosha thrombocythemia chirwere chemyeloproliferative apo bone marora inobereka maplatelet akawanda, kuwedzera njodzi yekuvandudza ropa.
- Immune thrombocytopenia chirwere umo muviri unoita zvirwere kumaplatelets. Muviri hauna kukanganisa uye kuparadza maplatelet, kazhinji zvichiita kuti tachivheneke zvikuru uye tisingadi ropa. Muvana, izvi zvinowanzotora nguva, asi kazhinji inogara isingagumi kune vanhu vakuru.
- Matambudziko anokonzerwa neHIVH9 iboka replatelet function disorders . Matambudziko aya akagara nhaka (akaderedzwa mumhuri) uye angave akabatanidzwa nekurasikirwa kwekunzwa uye / kana kushaya hutano.
- Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT) inoitika panguva yekuzvitakura kana nguva pfupi mushure mokuberekwa. Mune chimiro che thrombocytopenia, pane kusawirirana pakati pemaplatelets eamai uye avo vekurera vana. Zvirwere zvepamuviri kubva kuna amai zvinoparadza mapeletete emucheche, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kubuda kukuru.
- Thrombocytosis (kana yakakwirira yeplatelet count) inogona kuitika mushure me splenectomy (kuvhiyiwa kubviswa kwepleen), utachiona huchangobva kuitika, kana kuperevedza kwesimbi kusagadzikana. Izvi zvinonzi reactive kana yechipiri thrombocytosis. Izvi zvinowanzoitika kwenguva refu uye zvinovandudza nekurapwa kwechikonzero chikuru.
- Congenital megakaryocytic thrombocytopenia (CAMT) isingawanzoiti, kuberekwa (kureva kuti iwe unoberekwa nayo) chirwere apo marora emuti haagoni kubudisa maplatelet kazhinji.
Zviratidzo zvePlatelet Disorders
Zviratidzo zvepfungwa dzeplatelet zvinowirirana zvakawandisa sezvinoonekwa. Ivo vanovimba ne platelet count uye basa remaplatelets.
Kushungurudzika ne thrombocytopenia kana kuti yakabatana neplatelet basa kazhinji inowanikwa nekubuda ropa zviratidzo zvakadai se:
- Nosebleeds
- Gum ropa
- Kuwedzerwa kupera kumwedzi kubuda ( menorrhagia )
- Kubuda ropa kwenguva refu mushure mekukuvara kana kuvhiyiwa
Kushungurudzika ne thrombocytosis kunogona kunge kusina zviratidzo zvakajeka. Zvikuru zvakakwirira zveplatelet zvinogona kukonzera kukudziridzwa kwemaawa (thrombi). Zviratidzo zvakabatana nekuvandudzwa kweropa.
- Headaches
- Vision inochinja
- Chipfuva chepfu
Kuongororwa Platelet Disorders
Kunyanya kuongorora kuongororwa kweplatelet kushungurudzika kwakazara ropa ( CBC ) . Iyi yero yeropa iri nyore inosanganisira ruzivo pamusoro pemasero ese eropa, kusanganisira platelet count.
Chiremba wako angakukumbira kuti maplatelet aongororwe pasi pe microscope; izvi zvinonzi ropa smear . Izvi zvinobvumira chiremba wako kuti asarudze kana maplatelet ako ari masimba akaenzana kana kwete. Zvakawanda zvehutano hwebasa rakagarwa nhaka hunoguma nemaplatelets akare kupfuura ose akaenzana, anogona kuonekwa paropa smear. Vamwe vangave vasina kukwana zvikamu zveplatelets, inonzi granules.
Platelet function disorders inogona kuva nenhamba yakawanda yeplatelets. Zvinetso izvi zvinowanzoshanda zvakafanana nezvimwe zvinetso zvekubuda ropa sehemophilia . Kuongorora miedzo, inowanzonzi coagulation zvidzidzo, (sainzi prothrombin nguva, kana PT, uye nguva yakatarisa thromboplastin, kana PTT) yakajairika.
Kuongorora zvirwere zveplatelet zvinogona kudikanwa kuongororwa kwakafanana nekubuda ropa, platelet function assay, platelet aggregation test, uye / kana platelet electros microscopy.
Kana pane zvinonetseka kuti fupa rako remafuta harisi kushanda zvakanaka, marora emapfupa anokwanisa kudiwa sechikamu chebasa-up.
Kurapa kwePlatelet Disorders
Kurapa kweplatelet zvinetso zvakasiyana-siyana uye zvinosarudzwa nehutano hwako chaihwo. Zvimwe zvinokonzerwa neplatelet hazvirevi chero kurapwa kwakananga, asi vamwe vanogona kungoda kurapwa panguva yezvakaitika zvakadai sekubuda ropa.
- Kuwedzerwa kweplatelet kunogona kushandiswa kana iwe uine ropa rakakura. Kuwedzerwa kweplatelet kunogona kushandiswa kweplatelet function disorders (pasinei ne platelet count) uye yakawanda seplatelet zvinetso ne thrombocytopenia.
- Steroid sezvakaitwa prednisone zvinogona kushandiswa muzvirwere zvezvirwere zvinopinda mumuviri, sezvakaita ITP.
- Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) inowanzoshandiswa muzvirwere zvinopinda mumuviri platelet, sezvakaita ITP uye NAIT.
- Aspirin inoderedza kushanda kweplatelet uye inogona kushandiswa kudzivirira ropa revhapiti kubva pakuumba muhutano hunokosha.
- Anti-fibrinolytic mishonga ine mishonga inoshandiswa kubatsira kugadzirisa mashizha kunyanya panzvimbo yepamusoro yemucosa (muromo, mhino, chiberekero, nezvimwewo) Mishonga iyi inowanzoshandiswa mumamiriro ezvinhu aya emvura, nosemu, uye manorrhagia. Inogonawo kushandiswa mushure mekuvhiya nzira yekudzivirira ropa.
Zvakakosha kukurukura nachiremba wako izvo zvakanakisisa kurapwa ndezvipi iwe uye iwe unoona.
Shoko Rinobva
Kubvambura kubva padarelet disorder kunogona kushamisa. Kunzwisisa chikonzero chekubuda ropa kuchakubvumira iwe nechiremba wako kuti ukurukure nzira dzakanakisisa dzokurapa. Kana chirwere chako cheplatelete chakagara nhaka, ruzivo urwu runogona kukubatsira kuti uone kana dzimwe nhengo dzemhuri dzichifanira kuongororwa. Edza kusaita kuti kutya kwako kuve kwakanakisisa kwauri; Kurukura zvinetso zvako nechiremba wako. Nemhaka yokuti vanogona kuva nezviratidzo zvakafanana uye kurapwa, vanhu vane matambudziko eplatelet vanogona kurapwa pamakirini ekurapa hemophilia.
> Kwakabva:
> Kaushansky K, Lichtman MA, Prchal J, Levi MM, Press O, Burns L, Caligiuri M. (2016). Williams Hematology (9th ed.) USA. McGraw-Hill Dzidzo.