Vanachiremba vazhinji vanogara vachikurudzira vana vachiongorora vana kuti vatungamirire chepfu inopera mwedzi mitanhatu, zvichienderana nekuwanda kweiyo mwana angangodaro akaonekwa kumba kana mukuchengetwa kwevana.
Kuvana vakwegura uye vakuru, kuongororwa kunowanzoitwa chete kana pane chikonzero chekutenda kuti vave vaine huwandu hwakareba hwekutungamirira. Muzviitiko izvi, chiremba wako angangotanga nemhando ye mibvunzo pamusoro pemamiriro ako ezvinhu, edza kuongorora kwemuviri, uye kuedza kuongororwa ropa kuti uongorore huwandu hunotungamirira mumutumbi.
Kudzika-Cheki uye Kuedzwa Kwepamba
Kutungamirira tsvina kunonyanya kuongororwa kushandisa shanduro yepamutemo yekuongorora mumakiriniki, asi pane zvinhu zvakawanda zvaungaita kumba kuti uone kana iwe kana mumwe wemumhuri ari pangozi.
Kutungamira kunenge kwose kwose munzvimbo yedu, uye kuwedzera kwacho kunowanikwa muzvinhu zvakadai sepente yekare, solder, petrooline, ivhu, uye mvura yakasvibiswa, pamwe chete nezvinhu zvinoratidzika sezvisingabatsiri zvakadai semamwe mashizha, zvigadzirwa zvekugadzira, zvishongo zvidhori, nemamwe mishonga .
Inonyanya kukosha yekufambisa vana, kunyanya, inotungamira pendepa, iyo yaiwanzoshandiswa mudzimba musati ya1970s. Environmental Protection Agency neCenters for Disease Control and Prevention zvose zvinopa mazano pamusoro pekudzivirira maitiro akafanana ekutungamirira.
Mukuwedzera pakubvisa kana kudzivisa zvinhu zvekutungamirira mumba kana kubasa, zvakakosha kutarisa zviratidzo zvekutungamirira chepfu uye kurongedza chiremba wako pakarepo kana iwe uchivaona-kunyanya kuchinja kwehupenyu sekunyangadza, kusagadzikana, kana kusava nehanya, sezvinoita pamwe nekukura kunonoka kwevana vaduku.
Kuongorora
Hapana kutungamirira maitiro akawanikwa kuti akachengeteka muvana, uye kunyange zviduku zvishoma zvave zvakabatanidzwa nenyaya dzekuita uye kudonha muIQ.
Nemhaka yeizvi, vanachiremba vakawanda vanogara vachiona vana vaduku uye vacheche kuitira kuti zvigone kutsvaga kutungamira sechikamu chekuongorora kwavo kwose. Muzviitiko zvizhinji, izvi zvinosanganisira mubvunzo wemibvunzo yekubvunza nezvemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzehutachiona, sekuda kwekugara kwemwana kana nzvimbo yekuchengetedza zuva, kana vachidya zvinhu zvisiri zvekudya zvakasviba kana tsvina, kana kuti mubereki kana shamwari yepedyo anotaridzirwa kutungamirira kazhinji nekuda kwebasa ravo kana kuita zvekuita.
Kana mhinduro yacho ihu hongu kana kuti iwe hauna chokwadi kune imwe mibvunzo, chiremba wako angangove achida kuita zvakawanda kuongororwa kuti aongorore mazinga emuropa akakwirira.
Kunyange zvazvo kutsvakurudza kuri kuratidza mibvunzo iyi isingakudzwi pakutsanangura vana vane hutungamiri hwepamusoro, vanogona kubatsira vanachiremba nevabereki vanoona apo vana vane chirwere chinotarisa vanotora chepfu rinenge vachirwisana nesimbi rinorema kuti vadzivise kusangana naro munguva yemberi. Vakadzi vane pamuviri uye vanoyamwisa vanowanzobvunzwa mibvunzo yakafanana.
Munzvimbo dzakawanda, dhipatimendi rezvehutano rekune imwe nyika richava nemazano anotaura pamusoro pokuti ndiani anofanirwa kuongororwa kutungamira uye apo inobva pane zvinoitika munzvimbo yacho uye njodzi dzekukwirira kwepamusoro kwevanhu vari munzvimbo. Kazhinji kutaura, zvakakurudzirwa kuti vana vose vaongororwe kutungamirirwa kwepamusoro nemakore 1 kana 2, uye vana vari pangozi yakakura yekufambisa tsvina-yakadai seyaiuya kuUnited States kubva kune imwe nyika kana vana vacheche vanoberekwa navamadzi vane ropa rinotungamirira-kuongororwa pamwedzi mitanhatu.
Kuongorora Panyama
Kana pane chikonzero chekufungidzira kuti chinotyisa chekuita, chiremba wako angangoda kuedza kuongorora mumuviri kuwedzera kuongororwa ropa kuitira kuti atarise zviratidzo uye zviratidzo zvehutsinye.
Izvi zvinokosha nokuti sezvo mutungamiri anovaka mumuviri, inowanikwa mumapfupa.
Inongova muropa kwechinguva chiduku mushure mekuonekwa, zvinoreva kuti mumwe munhu anogarisana nemutungamiri kwenguva yakareba angave nehupamhi hwekutungamirira mumuviri wavo kunyange kana kuongorora ropa kunodzoka zvakare. Chirwere chemuviri chinogona kubata zviratidzo chebvunzo re laboratory hazvikwanise.
Kunyange zvakadaro, nokuti maitiro akawanda ekutsvaira chepfu asingaratidzi zviratidzo zvachose, kuongorora mumuviri hakugone kukwana kuti kuone. Ndicho chikonzero kuongororwa kweropa kuchiri chinhu chakakosha uye chinonyanya kushandiswa kushandiswa kutsvaga kutsvaga.
Labs
Rudzi rwakajairika rwekutsvaga kutungamira chepfu rinotarisa ropa, rinozivikanwa seBLL (blood lead level). Kune marudzi maviri eropa kuongororwa kunogona kuratidza kana munhu ane ropa rakakwirira rinotungamira huwandu: mucherechedzo wemunwe wakawanda uye kutevedza ropa.
Capillary Blood Sample
Iyi nzira yekuedza inoshandisa mucherechedzo wemunwe chete kutora samudiki shoma reropa, zvichiita kuti ive nzira iri nyore uye iri nyore yekuedza kwepamusoro ekutungamirira maitiro. Izvo zvakaderera, zvisinei, ndezvokuti idzi sampu dzinogona kusvibiswa nemutungamiri kubva kune zvakasikwa uye skew mhinduro dzekuita kuti zviite sekutungamira mazinga zvakakwirira kudarika zvavari chaizvo.
Iwe unogona kuderedza dambudziko rekusvibiswa nekunyatsotora matanho, kufanana nekuchenesa maoko nemaitiro mamwe, asi chikwata chepamusoro chinotungamirira chichiri chichidikanwa kusimbiswa neine ropa rinotyisa rinotungamirira muedzo. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, nzira iyi haisiwanyo yakakurudzirwa, pasinei nokuti iri nyore.
Dambudziko Rokutanga Ropa Rokuedzwa
Ropa rinodonha kubva mumhino inonyanya kukosha kuongorora uye kuongororwa kuongororwa kwepamusoro ekutungamira maitiro, asi zvinoda kuti phlebotomist akadzidziswa atore uye agadzirise sampuli kuti arege kusvibiswa nemutungamiri kubva kumhepo. Iyi nzira inowanzotarisirwa kuongororwa kuti iongorore hutungamiri hwepamusoro nokuti inowedzera kuva yakavimbika kune imwe yemuedzo wekutanga.
Kana munhu ane ropa rinotungamirira 5 μg / dL (five micrograms per deciliter), vanoonekwa seine ropa rakakwirira rinotungamirira. Kana izvi zvikaitika, vanachiremba vangangodaro vanosimbisa chigumuchirwo chechipiri chekuedzwa kubva kupi zvayo kusvika kumwedzi 1 kusvika ku3, zvichienderana nemigumisiro yekutanga.
Kana chirwere ichi chichidzoka nepamusoro-soro, chiremba achazvizivisa kune dhipatimendi rehutano rehutano uye oenda mberi nhanho dzinotevera nemhuri pane zvavanogona kuita kuti kuderedze mazinga eropa uye kurega kutaridzirwa kutungamirira. Muzviitiko zvepamusoro zvakanyanya kutungamirira (45 μg / dL kana kupfuura), kunyatsokurapa kunogona kudiwa, kunyanya muvana.
X-ray
Mune zviitiko apo vana vane zviratidzo zvekutungamirira kutyisa, ropa rakakwirira rinotungamirira mazinga, uye / kana nhoroondo ye pica-kureva, kudya zvinhu zvisiri zvekudya zvakadai sedota kana kupendepa chiputi-zvinokurudzirwa kuti X-ray inotorwa kubva mudumbu chengetedza zvinhu zvekunze. Kana yakasimba inofamba ichioneka pa-X-ray ichiratidza kuti mwana akaisa zvinhu zvine utungamiri, vanachiremba vanowanzoshandisa chirongwa chekuchenesa kunamwisa, kana kuti "kubuda kunze," mumatumbo, kubvisa zvingangodaro zvinotungamirira zvekutungamirira kudzivirira kana kuvadzivisa kuti vasadaro inobatwa nemuviri.
> Sources:
> Inyanzvi yeDare reMucheche Kutungamirira Kuchengetedza Chepfu. Kutsika kwepamusoro kutungamira kunotambudza vana: Kudanwa patsva kwekudzivirira kudzivirira . 2012.
> Sangano reNzvimbo Dzakasvibisa uye Darease Registry. Ita zvinotyisa: Clinical test-diagnostic tests and imaging.
> American Academy of Pediatrics. Kudzivirirwa kwehuduku kunotungamirira kutyisa. 2016.