Chii chinonzi Anatomy uye Basa reBronchus?
Chii chinonzi bronchus (kana kunyunyuta, the bronchi) uye izvi zvii zviri mukati memhepo yekufema? Chii chinonzi chimiro chavo uye basa, uye ndeapi marapirwo angakanganisa zvivakwa izvi?
Tsanangudzo: Bronchus
A bronchus ndeimwe yematavi maviri makuru emurachea anotungamirira kumapapu. Iyo bronchi inotanga apo tsanga inoparadzanisa kuumba kurudyi uye kuruboshwe chikuru chebronchi (kubvumira kwebronchus.) Iyi bhonchi, uyewo, inofamba kuenda kune imwe yemapapu.
Iyo bronchi inoparadzanisa chokutanga mu lobar bronchi uye ipapo chepamusoro bronchi. Iyi midziyo inowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma sezvo ichiparadzanisa kuva bronchioles, terminal terminal bronchioles, kupumzika bronchioles, alveolar sacs, uye pakupedzisira mune alveoli apo kushandiswa kwe okisijeni uye carbon dioxide kunoitika.
I-bronchi inoumbwa nemishonga yakashata nemasvingo etikititi ichivapa kugadzikana.
Maitiro eBronchi
Kurudyi kwakanyanya bronchus - Mhedziso yakakosha bronchus inopfupika uye yakajeka kupfuura yakasara, inenge 2.5 m (inenge 1 inch) murefu. Iyo inoparadzanisa kuva bhangiki maduku kupinda mukati ma matatu matatu emakona akanaka.
Kubva kuruboshwe rukuru bronchus - Kuruboshwe kwebronchus kune maduku uye kwenguva yakareba kudarika chinonzi main bronchus (inenge 5 cm kana 1.5 inches.) Iyo, iyo inoparadzanisa kuva maviri lobar bronchi iyo inopinda malobes maviri eboshwe mapapu.
Bronchial Function
Ibronchi inoshanda senzira yekufambisa mhepo kubva mumuromo uye trachea, kusvika ku-alveoli, uye kudzokera kumhepo.
Kunyange zvazvo bronchi yakambofungidzirwa zvikamu zvemuviri zvemuviri kwenguva yakareba, tiri kudzidza kuti vangave nemamwe mabasa anokosha. Semuenzaniso, zvipembenene mubronchi secrete mucous iyo inobata basa rinokosha maitiro ezvirwere zvezvirwere zvezvirwere, zvose zviri kuvhara uye kusagadzikana kwechirwere chechirwere.
Mitemo Inobatanidza Bronchi
Zvimwe zvirwere zvinogona kusanganisira bronchi. Mimwe yeiyi inosanganisira dzimwe nzvimbo dzemapapu, uye mamwe anongororerwa ku-bronchus huru uye duku. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira:
Bronchitis - Bhonchitis maviri yakaoma uye bronchitis isingaperi ndeyekuputika kwezvisikwa zvebronchi. Chirwere ndechimwe chimiro chechirwere chisingaperi chinoparadza chirwere cheplm (COPD) chiitiko icho chiri chechina chekutungamirira kwekufa muUnited States.
Aspiration - Kana chimwe chinhu chekunze chichivhiringidzika, chinowanzowanikwa mune imwe yebronchi. Kupera kunogona kunge kunofungidzirwa pane x-ray nekuonekwa kwepapu kunze kwekudzivirira. A bronchoscopy inowanzodikanwa kubvisa imwe nyika kunze kwemhepo.
Kansa yemaperembudzi - Mimwe mishonga yekenza yemapapu inomuka mumadziro ebronchi, kunyanya zvipembenene zvakadai semukenza mutsva wemapapu uye mutsara wekamu memapapu . Munguva yakapfuura, marudzi aya ekenza ndiyo yakanyanya kunyanya. Mumakore achangobva kupfuura, mapapu adenocarcinoma, chiremara chinowanzokura mumativi emapapu kubva kumhepo inoenda kune imwe mhando yemapapu emapapu. Zvinofungidzirwa nevamwe kuti kanzira iri pedyo nemhepo inoenda kune yakawanda isati yatanga fodya isati yakasvibiswa, uye nzvimbo dzakasara dzaizogara mumigwagwa iyi yokutanga.
Kusiyana neizvi, pamwe nekuwedzerwa kwezvinotapira, zvinodhaka zvinogona kuvhiringidzika mukati memapapu umo adenocarcinomas inowanikwa.
Chirwere - Chirwere chirwere chinoratidzirwa nechisimba chebronchi , iyo inopindira nekutenderera kwemhepo kubva kumhepo kusvika kune-alveoli yemapapu. Pakati pemamwe marapirwo, chirwere cheputi chinowanzobatwa ne-bronchodilators - mishonga inoshandiswa kuderedza bronchi uye kubvisa chisimba.
Nzira Dzakabatanidza Bronchus uye Bronchi
Bronchoscopy - A bronchoscopy inzira iyo tube (inonzi bronchoscope) inoiswa mumuromo uye mubronchi.
A bronchoscopy inogona kuitwa kuitira kuongororwa zviratidzo zvakadai sokukanganiswa kunoramba kuripo kana kukonzera ropa, asi inogonawo kushandiswa kugadzirisa mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, sekubuda ropa mumhepo, kana kubviswa kwemumwe mutumbi.
Iyo nzira ye endobronchial ultrasound inofanirwawo kufambira mberi mukuongororwa kwemukenza wemapapu uye chirwere chemapapu. Munguva yebronchoscopy, inonzi ultrasound (endobronchial ultrasound) inogona kuitwa kuitira kutarisa mishonga iyo yakadzika mumapapu apfuura masvingo emabhandi. Kana bundu riripo, nenyuchi inonzi biopsy dzimwe nguva inogona kuitwa pasi pekutungamirirwa kwe endobronchial ultrasound, zvichiita kuti zvikwanise kuwana mhuka kubva mumarara asi pasina chidimbu chemapapu akazaruka.
Kutumidzwa: bron-kus
Mienzaniso: Jim akaudzwa kuti kenza yemapapu yake yakanga iri pedyo nekodzero yake yepamusoro stem bronchus.
> Sources:
> US National Library of Medicine. MedlinePlus. Chronic Bronchitis. Updated 04/21/17. https://medlineplus.gov/chronicbronchitis.html