A neuro-ICU chirwere chakasimba chekuchengetedza chakazvipira kutarisira varwere vane zvirwere zvinotyisa zvinoparadza upenyu. Neuro-ICUs yakavapo makore makumi maviri akapfuura mukupindura kudiwa kwehumwe ruzivo rwakakosha mumagadzirirwo ari kukura kuti aone uye agadzirise zvinetso zvehutano.
Matambudziko Anotungamirirwa muNeuro-ICU
Muzhinji, murwere anogona kubvumirwa kune neuro-ICU yemamiriro ezvinhu anotevera:
- post-operative brain tumor
- ischemic stroke
- subarachnoid hemorrhage
- kuora mwoyo kwehupfungwa
- kushandiswa kwemhemberero
- Guillain-Barre syndrome
- subdural hematoma
- myasthenia gravis
- spinal trauma
- status epilepticus
- encephalitis
- meningitis nedzimwe nheyo dzehutano zvirwere
Zvimwe Zvipo
Munda wehutano hwehutachiona hunofukidza zvinopfuura zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana. Inodawo ruzivo rwakananga nezvevamwe ma mechanics emuviri, zvakadai sekuti uropi hunodzora sei kubuda kweropa uye kusagadzikana kwechisimba . Zvinodawo ruzivo rwemashonga eurological such as electroencephalography , inowanikwa kune inowanzonzwisiswa inonzi ventilator mechanics, mwoyo yema telemetry uye yakanyanya kuwedzerwa kwekutsvaga kweropa uye mamwe maitiro anowanzoenderana neCIU yakawanda.
Varwere vane kukanganisa kweropa ravo vanosiyana nenzira dzakakosha kubva kuvarwere vane kukuvadza kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzinokosha dzomuviri.
Semuenzaniso, zvirwere zvehurongwa hwemitsipa zvinogona kukanganisa murwere wekodzero yekufamba uye kutaura. Vashandi ve-neuro-ICU vanofanira, saka, vadzidziswe mumagadzirirwo anokosha ekuongorora kuti vawane mashoko anokosha.
Hunhu hwehutano hwakanyanya hwehupombwe hunogonawo kutadza kuderedzwa. Utachiona hwehutano hunogona kuchinja kuti munhu anoona sei vadiwa uye vanogona kuita kuti vaite sevanhu vakasiyana zvakasiyana.
Kunyanya kuipa, dzimwe zvirwere zvehupfungwa zvingaita sekutitibira zvakatiita kuti tive ani, kana kuti chii chakaita kuti isu vanhu. Kuora mwoyo mupfungwa idzi kuchinja kunogona kukuvadza muhama neshamwari dzemhuri kunoda kunyatsotarisirwa. Izvi zvinova kunyanya kukosha pakurukura nyaya dzakadai seuropi kufa.
The History of the Neuro-ICU
Mune dzimwe nzira, iyo yekutanga yakasimba yekuchengetedza zvigaro yaiva neuro-ICUs. Chido che ICUs chakanyatsosimbiswa muma1950 nekuda kwekuora mwoyo kwechirwere cheporiyo. Sezvo vanhu vakaoma mitezo vane chirwere cheporiyo vakashaya simba ravo rokufema, vakaiswa pa-teknolojia itsva-iyo ye mechanical ventilation .
Kwemazana makumi emakore, zvikwata zvekuchengetedza zvakanyanya zvakatora zvemarudzi ose ehutano hunotyisa, zvikuru avo avo vakatungamirira kudikanwa yekugadzirisa mhepo. Zvisinei, chido chekuchengetwa kwakanyanya kwakanyanya kuonekwa sezvo mushonga wakava wakaoma kunzwisisa. Muna 1977, yekutanga guru guru reurouro-ICU muNorth America yakatangwa kuMassachusetts General Hospital. Kubva ipapo, ivo vakawedzera mukurumbira munyika yose nenyika.
Nyaya dzakawanda dze-neuro-ICU dzinowanikwa mune zvipatara zvakakura zvezvidzidzo, kwavanowana ruzivo rwakasimba rwevarwere. Zvipatara zviduku zvingave zvisingakwanisi kuwana varwere vakakwana kuti varatidze kuvakira neuro-ICU, uye vangatarisira murwere muCUU kana kutumira murwere kune chimwe chipatara.
Ndiani Anoshanda Neuro-ICU
Neuro-ICUs yakasiyana-siyana-yakarangwa mune zvakasikwa. Neurologists, neurosurgeons, nyanzvi dzekuchengetedza kwakanyanya uye anesthesiologists dzinoshanda zvikuru pamwe nemapoka evanamukoti vakanyatsodzidziswa, vanodzidza kuporesa, nyanzvi dzezvokudya, nezvimwewo.
Kubatsirwa kwekuva nevanyanzvi vazhinji ndeyekuti ruzivo rwehutano hwakawanda hunoendeswa mukuchengetedzwa kwemurwere mumwe nomumwe. Chinhu chinonyadzisa ndechokuti kunze kwekuti kunyatsoteerera kuri kubhadharwa kune anotaura, zviri nyore kune shamwari nemhuri kuti vavhiringidzike pamusoro pevaya vari kutaura navo uye nei. Izvi zvinogona kuvhiringidzika zvakanyanya kuburikidza nechokwadi chokuti vashandi vezvipatara vanofanira kushanda mumashanduko, saka ndiani wataura naye zvichida kunobva panguva yezuva zvakare.
Kuti urege kunyonganiswa, iva nechokwadi chokuti munhu wose anouya anozvizivisa uye anotsanangura basa ravo.
Zvichienzaniswa nehuwandu hwemasimba ekuchengetedza zvakanyanya, neuro-ICUs dzakabatanidzwa nekufa kwepasi uye kupfupika kwechipatara kwekushungurudzika kwakafanana nekurohwa, kuora mwoyo kwekushaya ropa, uye kuora mwoyo kwehupombwe. Kunyatsochengetedza zviyero zvese, kazhinji, zvinogona kuva zvinotyisa uye nzvimbo dzinokanganisa, asi nekunyatsotarisana nekukurukurirana kwakanaka, neuro-ICU inogona kuva yeupenyu chaiye-muponesi.
Sources:
Allan H. Ropper, Daryl R. Gress, Michael. Diringer, Deborah M. Green, Stephan A. Mayer, Thomas P. Bleck, Neurological uye Neurosurgical Care Intensive, Nyaya yechina, Lippicott Williams & Wilkins, 2004
Pedro Kurtz, Vincent Fitts, Zeynep Sumer, Hillary Jalon naJoseph Cooke, uye Kurinda Kunobatsira Sei Mishonga Yeuropiyo Yakabvumirwa kune Neurocritical Care Unit pamwe neGeneral ICU? Neurocritical Care, 2011, Bhuku 15, Nhamba 3, Mapeji 477-480