An autoimmune neuromuscular disorder
Myasthenia gravis inorwara neuromuscular disorder. Kazhinji, muviri wemuviri unoita kuti zvirwere zvinorwisa zvirwere zvinopinda mumuviri. "Kuzvidzivirira" zvinoreva kuti zvirwere zvevanhu zvinodzivirira zvirwere uye zvinokonzera zvirwere zvinorwisa masero emunhu. Mu myasthenia gravis, ma antibodies anopesana nekutapurirwa kwemashoko emagetsi kumisungo.
Mune mamwe mazwi, mishonga haigamuchiri chiratidzo kubva kumitsipa kuti iende.
Ndiani Ari Pangozi?
Myasthenia gravis haisi nhaka, uye haiparadzi. Hazvisi pachena nei vanhu vachikudziridza chirwere ichi, kunyange zvazvo vamwe vatsvakurudzi vanodavira kuti inogona kubva kune chinetso chemafi. MuUnited States, vanenge 14 kubva kune 100 000 vanhu vanogadzira myasthenia gravis, kunyange zvazvo vatsvakurudzi vanodavira kuti nhamba idzi dzinodarika sezvo chirwere chacho hachiwanzoongororwa zvakanaka. Kune vakadzi, chirwere chinowanzotanga mumakore makumi maviri nemakumi matatu; kuvanhu, kazhinji mushure memakore makumi mashanu.
Zviratidzo
Kazhinji, munhu achava nehutano husina simba uye kwete kunyanya kuneta kana kuneta. Mishonga inowanzobatwa ndeyekuti:
- Dhioping mafidi (kutanga chiratidzo mune 2/3 yevarwere vose)
- Muromo kushayiwa simba, zvichikonzera kudambudziko kutsva, kumedza, kana kutaura (chiratidzo chekutanga mu 1/6 chevarwere)
- Simba kana gumbo simba (zvisiri zvishoma sechiratidzo chekutanga)
Imwe nyanzvi ndeyekuti utera hwakasiyana-siyana zuva rose, kazhinji hunyoro kana munhu akamuka asi achiwedzera kuipa sezvo zuva richienderera mberi, kunyanya kana munhu ari kushandisa mishonga yakagadzikana yakawanda. Utera uhwu hwakasiyana pane, semuenzaniso, kuneta mumwe munhu anganzwa mumakumbo ake mushure mokumira kana kushanda zuva rose.
"Kushayiwa simba" zvinoreva kusave nekukwanisa kufamba, kana kungorega kukwanisa kufamba, imwe tsvina.
Zvimwe zvikonzero zvinoita kuti mutsara iomekwe zvakanyanya kuve kushungurudzika mupfungwa, kurwara (kunyanya utachiona hwehutachiona hwezvirwere), matambudziko ehutachiona , kuwedzera kwekushisa kwemuviri, kumwedzi, nekuzvitakura.
Kuziva
Kana munhu ane zviratidzo zvinoratidza kuti angave ane myasthenia gravis, pane zviedzo zvinogona kuitwa kuti zvitsigise. Chirwere chakanyanya kunyanya kuongorora ndezvekuti uone ropa rekuvapo kwevasingazivikanwi maitiro anoshandisa acetylcholine receptor antibody test. Kuvapo kwezvirwere zvinopupurira zvinoratidzika.
Imwe muedzo unovimbika ndiwo edrophonium chloride test (Tensilon test). Ichi chemikemikari inopindwa muvheiri, uye kana simba remuviri richivandudza mushure mokunge rapiwa, ihwo hutsigiro hwakasimba hwekuongororwa. Zvisinei, dzimwe nguva chimwe kana kuti zvose zvezviedzo izvi hazvina kunaka kana kuti hazvisi pachena kune mumwe munhu anoita sokuti ane myasthenia gravis.
Kurapa
Mishonga inowanzoitirwa myasthenia gravis inosanganisira:
- Mishonga yakadai seMestinon (pyridostigmine bromide) uye Prostigmin (neostigmine bromide)
- Corticosteroid mishonga yakadai sa prednisone
- Mishonga inodzivisa zvirwere zvemuviri, zvakadai se Imuran (azathioprin) uye cyclosporine
- Kubviswa kwe thymus gland (thymectomy), gland guru muzvirwere zvemuviri
- Plasma shanduko (plasmapheresis), umo ropa romunhu remunhu rine zvisiri izvo zvinorwisa masimba rinobviswa uye plasma itsva inodzoserwa zvakare
Nguva Yenguva Yakareba
Vanhu vane myasthenia gravis vanogona kutora hupenyu hwakakwana munguva dzakawanda. Dzimwe nguva musimba unoshaya unogadzirisa kusvika pakusvika pakusava dambudziko (kunzi kuregererwa kwekuregererwa). Kune vamwe vanhu, utera huri mumangwanani emawere. Kune vamwe, utera hunofambira mberi kusvika pane imwe nzvimbo uye hunogara pane iyoyo. Kazhinji, uye kazhinji mumakore maviri ekutanga ehutachiona, utera hunogona kuwedzera kumisungo inodzora kufema, uye munhu wacho achafanira kupinda muchipatara.
Hapana mishonga ye myasthenia gravis, asi kurapwa kunowanzobudirira mukuderedza matambudziko ayo.
Vatsvakurudzi vanotarisa mushonga wehutachiona vari kutarisa kugadzirisa dambudziko iri muzvirwere zvemuviri zvinoita kuti zvirwere zvisingawanzoitiki. Vatsvakurudzi vari kuongororawo zvese zvezviitiko mumutumbi unoitika nekubudiswa kwezvirwere, kuti vaone kana vachigona kukanganisa nzira iri munzira uye kumisa masimba anokonzera matambudziko.
Kunobva:
> "Chii chinonzi Myasthenia Gravis?" About Myasthenia Gravis. 15 Feb 2007. Myasthenia Gravis Foundation yeAmerica.