Chirwere Chekuzvitsvaga Chetachiona CheNhepfenyuro YeNervous System
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (inonzi Geel-on kana dzimwe nguva Gee-yon Barr-ay) inoreva boka rematambudziko anowanzokonzera kushaya simba kwepfungwa, kurasikirwa kwezvinhu, dysautonomias , kana kusanganiswa kwevatatu. Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) chirwere chinotarisana nemhando yehutachiona hwehutachiona hwemhepo, zvichireva kuti muviri wemuviri wechirwere unoshungurudza mitsipa kunze kwouropi nemutsipa wesipinha.
Hazvisi zvisizvo, zvinosanganisa mumwe chete kana vaviri kune 100 000 vanhu.
Kuti unzwisise kuti Guillain-Barré anorasika sei hurongwa hwekutya, zvakakosha kunzwisisa zvishoma nezvekuti masero emagetsi anoshanda zvakadini. Mutumbi wechipfuva chendangara chemawere iri mukati kana pedyo zvikuru nemutsipa wepelinha. Mutsara unotaurirana nekutumira zviratidzo pasi pakareba, rakanyanya kuderera kunonzi an axon. Aya axon anotumira zviratidzo kubva mumuviri wesero yeropa kumisungo kuitira kuti tive nemaketani emakumbo uye kutumira zviratidzo kubva kune sensory receptors kuenda kumusero wesero kuitira kuti tibvumire kunzwa.
Zvinogona kubatsira kuti ufunge nezvesimbi semhando yeferesi inotumira mafungiro emagetsi kana kubva kumativi akasiyana emuviri. Kufanana nematare, mazhinji axon anoshanda zvakanaka kana akakombwa nekudzivirira.
Panzvimbo pekuputira raibra iyo inopfeka mawaya emagetsi, mazhinji axon akavharwa mu myelin. Myelin inogadzirwa nemhepo inotsigira masero anenge akapoteredza axon yeropa.
Izvi zvinodzivirira masero zvinodzivirira uye zvinomutsa axon, pamwe nekubatsira kukurumidza chiratidzo chekugadzirira magetsi.
Kunyange zvazvo axon isingazivikanwi inoda kuti ion iyerere mukati uye kunze kwehurefu hwose hwe axon, myelinated axons inoda chete kuti mutsara uite izvi pane zvakasarudzwa. Aya mazita anonzi nodes, apo myelin inopinda mukati mawo kuitira kuti ions iende.
Muchidimbu, panzvimbo pekufambisa urefu hwose hwe axon, chiratidzo chemagetsi chinomhanya nokukurumidza kubva pachirwere kusvika kune node, nekufambisa zvinhu pamwe chete.
Kuita sei Guillain-Barré Syndrome
Guillain-Barré Syndrome inokonzerwa nechirwere chemuviri chemuviri chinorwisa mutsara. Ichokwadi chokuti chirwere chinowanzouya pashure pokunge utachiona (kana kazhinji kazhinji, mushure mekudzivirira) zvakatitungamirira kufungidzira kuti pane imwe molecule, mamwe maitiro anotapukira anotarisa sezvikamu zvehutano hwemagetsi. Izvi zvinokonzera kuti maitiro ezvirwere zvemuviri anokanganisa hutano hwemhirizhonga, kufunga kuti zvikamu zvehutano zvirwere. Somugumisiro, maitiro ezvirwere zvezvirwere zvemumashure anounza zvirwere zvinorwisa zvirwere zvese.
Maitiro aGilinin-Barré Syndrome anokanganisa munhu mumwe nomumwe anobva pane iyo ma antibodies anorwisa musungo. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, Guillain-Barré pamwe anofungidzirwa zvakanakisisa semhuri yematambudziko, izvo zvinogona kukonzera matambudziko akasiyana-siyana.
Chirwere chinonyanya kukonzera kuve chirevo chinonzi Polyneuropathy (AIDP) ndiyo inonyanya kutaurwa yeGuillain-Barré, uye izvo vanachiremba vakawanda vanofunga nezvekuti izwi rokuti "Guillain-Barré" rinoshandiswa sei. MuAIDP, zvirwere zvinopesana hazvirwisi masero emironda zvakananga, asi panzvimbo pacho, zvinokuvadza mazamu ekutsigira glial akakomberedza axon yeropa.
Kazhinji, izvi zvinokonzera kuchinja kwechinangwa uye kushaya simba kunotanga muzvigunwe uye zvigunwe uye zvinopararira kumusoro, kuwedzera pane imwe nyaya kwemavhiki kusvika kumavhiki. Vanhu vane Guillain-Barré vanogonawo kutambura nekunzwa kurwadziwa kwakadzika munzvimbo dzavo dzisina simba uye shure. Kufanana nemhando dzakawanda dzeGuillain-Barré, nhengo mbiri dzomuviri dzinowanzove dzakakanganiswawo muAIDP.
Kunyange zvazvo AIDP ndiyo inowanzoita yaGuillain-Barré, kune vamwe vakawanda. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvinotevera.
Acute Motor uye Sensory Axonal Neuropathy (AMSAN)
Mune AMSAN, zvirwere zvinokonzera zvinokonzerwa nexon zvakananga panzvimbo yei myelin sheath. Vanoita izvi nekurwisa nodes apo myelin inoputsa kubvumira kushandiswa kweioni kunoparidzira chiratidzo chegetsi.
AMSAN inogona kuva nehasha, dzimwe nguva zviratidzo zvichifambira mberi kusvika pakufa kwepfungwa mukati mezuva rimwe chete kana maviri. Uyezve, kupora kubva kuAmsan kunogona kutora gore kana kupfuura. Panzvimbo pokugadzirisa zvakakwana, hazvishamisi kuti vanhu vane AMSAN vave nezvinetso zvisingagumi, zvakadai sekushungurudza kana kushaya simba muminwe yavo.
Acute Motor Axonal Neuropathy (AMAN)
Mune AMAN, mishonga chete inodzora kufamba inobatwa, saka hapana kushaya. Vanhu vanowanzodzoka nokukurumidza uye zvakakwana kubva kuna AMAN kupfuura mamwe maitiro aGuillain-Barré.
Miller-Fisher Variant
Guillain-Barré inonyanya kutaura pamusoro painochinja kana tichifema kana kuchengetedza kufamba kwedu. Muchikamu cheMiller-Fisher chaGuillain-Barré, chiso neziso zvinorwiswa kutanga. Kurasikirwa kwekudzivirira kwemisungo yehuro kunogona kuita kuti zvibvirire kumedza kunze kwekudya kana salivha kupinda mumapapu, kuwedzera njodzi yezvipembenene zvepemmonary nekugunzva. Kunyange zvazvo marudzi ese aGuillain-Barré achida kuongorora zvakanyanya kuti aone kana murwere angave achida kuvharwa kana kuiswa pamhepo inoputika , mhandara yeMiller-Fisher inoda kunyatsoteerera.
Acute Panautonomic Neuropathy
Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzaGuillain-Barré dzinobatawo hutongi hwehutongi humwe nzira, zvichiita kuti kurasikirwa kwekutonga kwemaitiro sekuputika, mwoyo yezinga, kutonhora, uye ropa. Acute panautonomic neuropathy inoratidzika isiri iyo umo kufambisa uye kunzwa zvinosara zvakasimba, asi mabasa ekuzvidzivirira ari kurasikirwa. Izvi zvinogona kutungamirira kumucheto , kuchena kwemwoyo , nezvimwe.
Chiratidzo chakakurumbira chaGuillain-Barré inorasikirwa nekusimba kwesimba iyo dzimwe nguva inosanganisira kurasikirwa kwekunzwa uye kudzivirira kuzvimirira. Kunyange zvazvo hutachiona hwehutachiona hwakanyanya kuwedzera pane nyaya yemwedzi kusvika kumakore, Guillain-Barré anochinja mazuva akawanda uye dzimwe nguva maawa. Nokuti Guillain-Barré anogona kutungamirira kune utera hwakanyanya zvokuti munhu anotambudzika haakwanisi kufema oga, zvinokosha kuti uwane rubatsiro nekukurumidza kana ukaona zviratidzo izvi.
Chinhu
Yuen T. Saka, Continuum: Peripheral Neuropathies, Immune-Mediated Neuropathies, Bhuku 18, Nhamba 1, February 2012
Braunwald E, Fauci ES, et al. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. 16th ed. 2005.