Zvose zvinosanganiswa kuzvidzora mapiritsi zvine estrogen (kazhinji ethinyl estradiol ) uye progestin. Izwi rokuti progesin rinoshandiswa kune chero ipi zvayo yepanyama kana yevanhu inogadzirwa zvine zvinhu zvakafanana neprogesterone chaiyo. Kusiyana neestrogen, kune mhando dzakawanda dze progestin dzinowanikwa mumitauro yakasiyana-siyana yemitambo yekudzivirira. Vakuru progestin maitiro anowanzotumidzwa sechizvarwa chekutanga uye chechipiri apo avo vatsva vanonzi rwechizvarwa chechitatu (uye chechina).
Progesin Zvikwereti:
Kuenzanisa isrogen hazvirevi nyore sezvo zvose kusanganiswa kuberekwa kwepiritsi zvinoshandisa rudzi rumwechete rwe estrogen; izvi zvinoita kuti zvikwanisike kuenzanisa dhigiri nekuwanda kwehuwandu. Kune rumwe rutivi, nokuti mapiritsi anoshandisa marudzi akasiyana eprogesin (rimwe nerimwe rine simba rakasiyana), zvakaoma zvikuru kuenzanisa progestin mazinga pamapiritsi. Nhamba yeprogestin inowanikwa mukuzvarwa kwepiritsi inenge isina kuwanda uye inowanzotaurwa nezvemamiriyoni (mg). Izvi zvinoreva kuti kunyange kana mabhii maviri ane progestin dose imwechete, vanogona kunge vane marudzi akasiyana eprogesin, saka potency inogona kusiyana zvakasiyana-siyana.
Mitauro yePergestin:
Kune mhando dzakawanda dze progestins , uye imwe neimwe ine maonero akasiyana-siyana maererano neprogesational, estrogenic, uye androgenic basa uye / kana zviitiko. Mugumisiro wemigumisiro iyi inobva mukubatanidzwa kwechimiro uye nehuwandu hweprogestin uye yezinga re estrogen.
Nemhaka yokuti mahomoni anowanikwa mumhando ipi neipi yepiritsi yakasiyana, uye nekuti mukadzi wese anopindura zvakasiyana nemapiritsi, izvi zvinorayiridzo hazviitike kune vakadzi vose. Kuti unzwisise zviri nani kuti progestin inogona kuiswa sei, zvinobatsira kutsanangurira kuti zvii zvinogona kuitwa neprogestin pamuviri wechikadzi.
- Progestational Effects: Progestational effects inotaura kuti progestin inokurudzira sei progesterone receptors (nokudaro ichibatsira kudzivirira kuvharidzira uye kuderedza kubuda kwemwedzi). Izwi rakadaro ndizvo progesational selectivity, iyo ndiyo iyo iyo progestational migumisiro inowedzera uye zvinokonzerwa uye androgenic zvinoderedzwa. Kazhinji, chinangwa chepiritsi yekuberekwa kwepabonde ndechokuita nepamusoro ye progesational selectivity.
- Androgenic Migumisiro: Androgenic effects inotaura nezvehutano hwokuti progestin inogona kukonzera kusagadzikana nemigumisiro. Progestins neyepamusoro uye androgenic basa inogona kuwedzera mikana yemigumisiro yakasangana ney androgen iyo inowanzobatanidza acne uye hirsutism (kusakudzwa kwebvudzi kusina kukodzera).
Uyewo, progestin ine basa shoma uyerorogenic inowanzoita kuti zvisizvo zvisakanganise pamakinhydrate metabolism, iyo ndiyo nzira iyo muviri unoputsa uye unogadzira mashuga mashoma muzvikamu zviduku zvinogona kushandiswa nemuviri simba. - Estrogenic Migumisiro: Estrogenic basa rine chokuita ne ethinyl estradiol, rudzi rwekugadzira isrogen inowanikwa mukuzvarwa kwepiritsi mapiritsi. Nhamba yakakwirira ye micrograms ye ethinyl estradiol inotungamirira kune zvakanyanya zvinokonzerwa nesrogenic. Nhamba yakakwirira yeitiro yesrogenic inobatsira kuderedza uyerogen-yakabatana nemigumisiro. Zvisinei, progestins inowanzotarisana nezvimwe zveesrogenic migumisiro ye ethinyl estradiol.
Urongwa hweProgestins:
Kusanganiswa kwekuberekwa kwepiritsi mapiritsi kunosanganisira isrogen uye imwe progestin. Pane hupfumi huri hweprogesti. Zvizhinji zvezvinhu izvi zvinonzi progestins zvinokonzerwa nemakemikari e testosterone (inonzi 19-nortestosterone derivatives).
Ipo mapiritsi anowanikwa ekuberekwa anorongwa pasi pe19-nortestosterone anogona kupfuudzwa zvakare kuva mhuri mbiri: estrane uye gonane.
- Ive estrane mhuri (inowanzo, chizvarwa chekutanga chizvarwa cheporogi) chinosanganisira norethindrone nemamwe progestins ayo anokonzera norethindrone. Izvi zvinosanganisira norethindrone acetate uye ethynodiol diacetate.
- Mhuri yeGonane : Ichi chikamu chinowedzera kugoverwa mumapoka maviri:
Chizvarwa chechipiri progestins, iyo ine maitiro akasiyana-siyana e androgenic uye esrogenic mabasa. Izvi zvinosanganisira levonorgestrel uye norgestrel.
Gonanes idzva, kana chechitatu progestins; izvi zvinonzi zvinenge zvichinyanya kuitika uye zvinosanganisira desogestrel uye zvisingaiti.
- Drospirenone , wekupedzisira progestin, ihwowo hutsva (4th) chizvarwa. Drospirenone inoparadzanisa progestin sezvo inopesana nemamwe nokuti inotorwa kubva ku17a-spirolactone, kwete kubva ku19-nortestosterone inogadzirwa.
Kazhinji kechipiri (uye chechina) chizvarwa cheprogestin chinowanzova chisarudzo chakanyanya uye chine minda uyerogenic. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuregekidzika, deogestrel, uye drospirenone. Kune humwe humwe humwe humwe humwe humwe humwe humwe hunoratidza kuti hutatu hwechizvarwa cheprogestin hunogona kutakura njodzi yakanyanya yeropa .