Kunyanya kushandiswa kana kushandiswa kwenguva refu kunogona kuwedzera kuoma
Sezvo nemishonga yose, pane dzakawanda zvemigumisiro inobatanidzwa nemishonga yekurapa. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, mishonga iyi ichave yakanyatsorambidzwa, uye zvibereko zvekurapa zvichapfuura zvakanyanya migumisiro.
Panogona kunge kune dzimwe nguva, zvisinei, apo rutivi rwomumativi runogona kuva rwakanyanya. Apo izvi zvinenge zvichiitika, zvinogona kuva zvinyorwa, zvichiita kuti munhu abve mishonga zvachose.
Kunyange zvazvo izvi zvichigona kuva sarudzo yakakodzera pane dzimwe nguva, pane dzimwe nguva zvingave zvisina.
Kazhinji, vanhu vanonzwisisa migumisiro yechirwere vasati vazvitora hazvizogoni kurega kana mumwe achiitika. Panguva imwecheteyo, inovabvumira kuona zviratidzo zvakakomba uye kuvabatwa vasati vava dambudziko.
Mhando yemishonga inoshandiswa kurapa chirwere chemafi inenge yakasiyana-siyana sezviratidzo uye inosanganisira inorled corticosteroids, mishonga yemazuva mashomanana uye yakareba, kumeso steroids, leukotriene modifiers, mast cell stabilizers, uye immune modulators.
Inhaled Corticosteroids
Inhaled corticosteroids (inowanzozivikanwa seyo inhaled steroids) inorayirwa kuti ibatsire kudzivirira zviratidzo zveAhma. Kana ikashandiswa nguva dzose, inobatsira kuderedza kuwandisa uye kuoma kwekurwisa kweputi. Zvisinei, havazogadziri kurwisa kana yatanga.
Inhaled corticosteroids inogona kukonzera zvose migumisiro yemunharaunda (kunogumira kune chikamu chemuviri) uye systemic nemigumisiro (inobata muviri wose).
Nzira dzakashata dzinowanzova dzakanyanya uye dzinowanzobatanidzwa nekushandiswa kwenguva refu. Pakati pezvinogona kuitika migumisiro:
- Oral candidiasis (thrush), chirwere chinowanzova fungal mumuromo
- Dhiphonia (kutyisa), kazhinji kanguva pfupi
- Muromo kana muromo
- Chifukidziro chakanyanyisa kana kuti zvishoma nezvishoma zve trachea (windpipe)
- Chengetedza kuderedza mukukura kwevana
- Kuderedza masimba emapfupa muvanhu vakuru
- Zviri nyore kupwanya
- Chikwata cheziso (cataract)
- Kuwedzerwa kuwedzera muziso (glaucoma)
Kushandiswa kwepacachena kunogona kuregeredza mamwe emigumisiro yemunharaunda. Iwe unogonawo kushambidza muromo wako kana pane urombo asi usamedza sezvo izvi zvichiwana mushonga muropa rako uye zvinokonzera kuwedzera kwezviratidzo.
Beta-uye Bhi-Kubata Beta Antagonists
Vashoma-kuita beta vanopikisa (SABAs) seAlubuterol , inowanzoshandiswa semishonga yokununura kuti ipe rubatsiro runokurumidza rwezviratidzo zvechirwere. Kusiyana neizvi, kwenguva refu-acting beta agonists (LABAs ) vanoramba vachishanda kwemaawa 12 kana kupfuura. Iyo migumisiro yemigumisiro yakafanana zvakafanana kubva pamishonga iyi miviri inoshandisa nzira dzakafanana dzekuita. Zvimwe zvikanganiso zvinosanganisira:
- Kuwedzera kwenhamba yemwoyo
- Headache
- Chizutu
- Kufunganya
- Kutya kana kudengenyeka
- Mapundu
Kunyange zvazvo migumisiro yemigumisiro ikakurumidza kugadzirisa neSABAs, inogona kugara ichirarama neLABAs. Kufanana kwakadaro kunowanikwa apo vanopikisa beta vanoshandiswa zvakanyanya.
Kunyangwe kushandiswa kwekuponeswa kwekununura kunogona kuwedzera dambudziko rako rekurwisa kwakanyanya, iyo ngozi inowedzera kana iwe ukanyanyisa re LABA, uchitungamirira FDA kubvisa bhokisi risina nyevero pamusoro pengozi yekurwisana nehutachiona hwekuuraya kana uchishandisa mishonga Advair (fluticasone / salmeterol) .
Oral Steroids Side Effects
Oral steroids inowanzoshandiswa kana iwe wakanga uine kana uri pangozi yekurwisa zvakakomba.
Kunyange zvazvo steroid inowanikwa mukati mechipatara, inopiwa mumuromo kana zviratidzo zvako zvakakomba asi hazvidi kuti zvipatise. Migumisiro yakafanana yakafanana neyiyo inonzi steroid inhaled, kunyange yakawanda uye yakawanda. Vanogona kuisa:
- Kuwedzera kwehuwandu
- Fluid retention
- High blood pressure
- Yakakura shuga yeropa
- Kukurira kuderedza vana
- Osteoporosis kuvanhu vakuru
- Utsi husina simba
- Cataract and glaucoma
- Chirwere cheshuga
Kana iwe uchida steroid yemuromo seyakadai se prednisone kaviri kana kupfuura dzimwe nguva pagore, yako yemafi isiri kunyatsogadziriswa. Ona chiremba wako uye ongorora kana kuchinja kupi kunoda kuitwa kumishonga yako yemishonga kana kuti mushonga wezvinodhaka.
Leukotriene Modifiers
Singulair (montelukast) nezvimwe zvinogadziriswa neukotriene zvinoshanda nekuvhara chinhu, chinonzi leukotriene, chinogona kukonzera kurwisa kwe asthma. Leukotriene modifiers inowanzochengetedzwa zvakanaka asi ine miviri yakawanda yakawanda, kusanganisira:
- Dumbu rinogumbura
- Headache
- Zviratidzo-sechiratidzo
- Kutya
- Nausea kana kurutsa
- Nasal kusanganiswa
- Mapundu
Mast Cell Stabilizers
Cromolyn sodium ne nedocromil vane mast cell stabilizers vanoshandiswa kune vanhu vane runyararo runoramba ruchiwedzera . Iyi mishonga inoshanda nekudzivirira masasa masero, rudzi rwechichena chemuviri weropa, kubva pakuvhara zvinhu zvinoputira mumhepo.
Cromolyn sodium ne nedocromil zvinowanzochengetedzwa zvakanaka nemigumisiro yakawanda inopera nekushandiswa. Vakawanda vanosanganisira:
- Iko kutora kwakaipa mumuromo
- Kukosora
- Inyoka kana gumbo rinorwadza
- Headache
- Nasal kusanganiswa
- Anaphylaxis, kazhinji
Anaphylaxis ihwo muviri wose, hutachiona hwehutachiona hunoita kuti huve hwakaoma, kuputika, kushushikana, uye kunyange rufu. Kana iwe wakatora mast cell stabilizer uye uri kutarisana nekufema, kufema kwekufema, kana kuvhara kwechiso kana rurimi, danai 911 kana enda kune imwe nzvimbo yepamhanho yekutsvaga.
Immunomodulator (Xolair) Migumisiro
Xolair is immunomodulator inowanikwa sejojo. Chinangwa chejairo ndechekugadzirisa nzira iyo maitiro ezvirwere zvezvirwere zvezvirwere zvinopindura kune chinonzi " asthma" , zvichidzivirira kudzivirira kubva pane-kupindura. Migumisiro yakajairika inosanganisira:
- Kuzvimba nekurwadziwa pajw.org
- Viral chirwere
- Kumusoro kwekupumha kwepamuviri zvirwere
- Sinusitis
- Headache
- Huro inorwadza
- Anaphylaxis, kazhinji
Sezvo ne cromolyn sodium ne nedocromil, zviratidzo zvevanaphylaxis dzinoda kuchengetedzwa nokukurumidza.
> Sources:
> Agbetile, J. uye Green, R. "Maitiro matsva ekurapa uye maitiro ekutungamirira mukurapa kwechirwere: zvirwere zvinotarisana nehutano." J Nyuchi Dzemarudzi. 2011; 4: 1-12.
> National Heart, Lung, uye Blood Institute. "Nhoroondo yeGenamende Yenharaunda 3 (EPR3): Mirayiridzo yeKutsvaga uye Kutungamirirwa kweAphma." Bethesda, Maryland; 2007.