Women's Health Screening Tests
Unoziva here kuti sevakadzi, isu tose tinoda kuva nedzimwe mimwe miedzo yezvoutano uye utano hwehutano muhupenyu hwedu hwose? Semuenzaniso, wakanga uchiziva here kuti chiratidzo uye kunzwa zvinyorwa zvinokurudzirwa mumakore ose ehupenyu hwako? Dzidza kuti sei tichida izvi uye nezvimwe zvirwere zvehutano.
Pap Test
Pep test kana Pap smear inokosha kune vakadzi vose vane makore makumi maviri nemaviri uye pamusoro.
Vakadzi vechidiki vanoita zvepabonde vari pasi pemakumi maviri nemashanu vanodawo mapepa ePap kubva mumakore matatu ekutanga nguva dzepabonde dzakabatana. Pep test, yakatanga yakagadzirwa naDeanor George Papanicolaou muma1950, inoona kushanduka kusina kuitika mumasero emakondomu zvinogona kutungamirira kune chirwere chepachivha chepachivha kana chisati chaonekwa nePag smears gore negore.
Usati wasvika pakuiswa kwepamu test, chirwere chemuviri chechirwere ndicho chakakonzera kukonzera rufu muvakadzi. Nemhaka yekutsvakurudza kwaDkt. Papanicolaou uye kushanda kwake zvakaoma kuumba Pap smear, chirwere chemukondombera zvino chiri 15, pakati pezvikonzero zvekufa kwekenza kuvakadzi vane vakadzi vanenge 3 700 vanofa nekenza yemukomana gore negore.
Zvimwe: Chii Chinoitika Panguva Yenyu Yokuongorora Pelvic uye Pap Test
Mammograms
Zvinoratidzirwa kuti rinotanga rini kunyora mammography gore negore zvakasiyana pakati pevashandi vehutano. Mamwe mapoka, kusanganisira American Cancer Society uye American College of Obstetricians uye Gynecologists vanokurudzira mammography kuongorora kutanga pazera remakore makumi mana, nepo mamwe mapoka emakambani anosanganisira American College of Physicians neAmerican Academy of Family Physicians, US Preventative Services paTashk Force, se pamwe neCanada Task Force pamusoro pePeriodic Health Examination inokurudzira gore negore kuongorora kutanga pazera remakore makumi mashanu.
Kusiyana uku kunokonzerwa nekuti mapoka anokurudzira mammograms anotanga pazera remakore makumi mashanu anotenda kuti njodzi dzekubuda kwemazimbe dzinogona kupfuura zvakakosha zvekuongorora mavambo kubva pakutanga kwezera.
Vakadzi vaduku vari pangozi yakakura yekukura nekenza yebonde vanodawo mammograms gore negore sezvakarayirwa navanachiremba.
Mammograms akachengeteka, asingabatsiri, uye anodiwa kuti kuve nekuzivikanwa kwokutanga kwekenza yemazamu. Kana yawanikwa kare, makore mashanu ekupona kwekenza yepamu inosvika 96%, maererano neNational Breast Cancer Foundation.
Zvimwe: Mammography Screening
Bhudziro rePfupa Test
Kuyera kwepfupa kuongororwa kwakajeka uye kunorwadza. Kuedzwa kwekurasikirwa kwemapfupa kunokosha kune vakadzi vose vanopfuura makore makumi matanhatu nemashanu, pamwe chete nevakadzi vaduku vane imwe ingozi inonyanyozivikanwa, pamwe chete nevakadzi vose vane hysterectomy. Osteoporosis, muzviitiko zvakawanda, inokonzera kurasikirwa kwemapfupa akawanda uye kukura kwemafupa emapfupa kuora. Ichi chirwere, kana chisingawanikwi uye chichirambidzwa kare, chinotungamirira kumapfupa asina simba anokanganisa nyore nyore. Maererano neNational Osteoporosis Foundation, vakadzi vanodarika mamiriyoni mashanu nevarume vanopfuura makore makumi mashanu vanorwara nehutachiona hwehutano hwepabonde gore negore. Nenzira inofadza, kuongororwa kwokutanga kweasteoporosis nemapfupa ekuyera kuongororwa kunorapwa nemishonga inomira kufambira mberi kwechirwere ichi uye inokwanisa kuderedza mamwe kurasikirwa kwemafu kwakaitika vasati vaongororwa.
Zvimwe: Osteoporosis: Ngozi uye Kudzivirira
Dambudziko reRopa Check
High blood pressure, inozivikanwawo sehosha yeupupuriro, inokanganisa vanhu vanenge mamiriyoni makumi mashanu, kana mumwe wevanhu vashanu, muUnited States.
Hypertension inoitika apo kuverenga kweropa kuchiverengwa kakawanda kunopfuura 140/90.
Kune rumwe rutivi, kuwedzera kweropa kunogonawo kuva kwakanyanya. Kana izvi zvikaitika, varwere vanonzwa kuderedzwa kweropa kana hypotension. Kutenderera kunoitika kana kuverenga kweropa kuchiverengwa zvakanyanya kuderera kudarika zviyero kune murwere. Zvimwe zviratidzo zve hypotension zvinosanganisira uhuzha kana kunzwa kunzwa kuchena uye musoro. Vanhu vari kutora mishonga yepamusoro yehutano hwemhepo vanotanga kuva nezviratidzo izvi vanofanira kutarisa nevatapi vezvehutano avo kuti vaone kana chirongwa chemishonga cheropa chinonzi chakashanda zvakanaka kana kana kuchinja mishonga kuchidikanwa.
Nhamba yepamusoro muropa rekuverenga, iyo inonzi systolic, zvinorema simba kana kushandiswa kunopesana nemariti panguva yekurohwa kwemwoyo, asi nhamba yakaderera kana diastolic inomiririra kuwanda kwezvinomanikidzwa mumisungo pakati pemoyo.
Zvimwe: Zviratidzo zveHigh Blood Pressure
STD Miedzo
Pose paunofunga kuti kurwara kune chirwere chepabonde (STD) chakaitika, taura nemupi wehutano wehutano pakarepo kuti uedzwe. Kuvapo kwemhando ipi zvayo yekusununguka kwemadzimai kunoshamisa kunofanira kunge yakangwarira kuona chiremba wako, zvakare. Kuva nechirwere chisina kujairika chechikadzi hazvirevi kuti chirwere chepabonde chiripo; zvisinei, kuva nechirwere chepachiviri chinowanzoratidza kuvepo kwechirwere chepabonde kana chirwere chepabonde.
Zvimwe: Nhema uye Chokwadi Pamusoro Pengozi yeDDD
Nguva dzose kuongororwa kweHIV
Maererano nemitemo yeCDC, munhu wese anoona chiremba kana kuti ari murwere mune imwe nzvimbo yekukurumidzira anofanira kuongororwa neHIV pane imwe nguva. Iko CDC inotenda kuti nguva dzose kuongororwa kweHIV kuchaita kuti 30% inopera mukupararira kweHIV, hutachiona hunokonzera AIDS.
Zvimwe: AIDS muvakadzi
Cholesterol Screening
Chirwere cheshuterolini chinobatsira kufanotaura dambudziko rimwe nerimwe rekuvandudza zvirwere zvemoyo. Kose cholesterol miedzo inofanirwa kwemakore mashanu evanhu vakuru. Dzimwe mimwe miedzo inosanganisira HDL uye LDL cholesterol uye triglycerides, pamwe chete, inonzi ruzivo rweputi inowanzoitwa panguva yekuongorora kwecholesterol inoti Labs Online. Cholesterol miedzo inofanira kupiwa chete kune varwere vane hutano nokuti mamwe marudzi eurwere anogona kukonzera mhinduro dzisina kururama. Vakadzi vane pamuviri vanofanira kukanganisa kuedza kwekulesterolori panguva yekuzvitakura kubva pakuberekwa kakawanda kunokonzera kudarika nhamba dzemazuva ose ehurumende. Apo varwere vari kutora mishonga yemishonga kunoderedza cholesterol, kuongororwa kunowanzoitika kakawanda kuona kuti murwere ari kupindura sei kurapwa.
Zvimwe: Dambudziko reMwoyo muvakadzi
Colorectal Cancer Tests
Nguva dzose kuongororwa kwekenza yekoloni, yakadai sekolonoscopies, inofanira kutanga kune varwere munguva yekupera kwema19 kusvika kumakore makumi mashanu. Colonoscopy inofanira kutanga, kune varwere vazhinji, pazera remakore makumi mashanu uye inofanira kuitika makore gumi anotevera anotevera. Varwere vane njodzi dzinozivikanwa dzinofanirwa kutevera mazano avo ekupa utano wehutano wekuti vatange kuedza kupi. IAmerican Cancer Society, pamwe nemamwe masangano ezvehutano, inoratidzira kushanda kwechiitiko chekuedzwa kunonzi fecal tsika tsika yevanhu vakuru gore roga roga mushure memakore makumi mashanu.
Kutanga kuongororwa kwekenza yekoloni kunowedzera kuwedzera kwemakore mashanu ekupona kwechirwere kubva muchirwere ichi chinotyisa kusvika kudarika 90%; zvisinei, kare karereta chirwere chekuongorora chinowanikwa chete 39% yenguva. Kuva nemayeso aya panguva dzakakurudzirwa, kana sezvinorayirwa nemupi wako wehutano wehutano, ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa yekubata kenza yakawanda iyo ichiri mumatangiro ayo okutanga.
Kuchengetedzwa Kweganda Kuongorora
Kuongororwa kwekenza yemaperembudzi kunowedzera dzimwe nguva gore muUnited States kudarika chero hupi hupi hupi hwekenza. Kunyange zvazvo mukenza wemapapu ndicho chikonzero chinonyanya kukonzera kufa kwekenza, kenza yepachika inowanzoitika kakawanda, iyo inoita kuti nhamba imwe yekenza kuongororwa muUnited States Mashoko akanaka ndeokuti hazvisi zvakaoma kuziva kana chirwere chekenza cheganda chiripo. Maguta akawanda akapoteredza United States anopa kenza yemukati isina kuongorora, kazhinji muna May, kumapato emunharaunda. Mune dermatologists vanosiya musi weMugovera, panguva ino, kuti vabatsire kuwanika koneti yeganda kune ani zvake anozviratidza pachiitiko chacho. Izvi zvinoratidzirwa nekenza yeganda zvisingabhadharwi zvinowanzobatana nekuderedza, kupfeka chipfeko chechipatara, nekumirira chiremba kuti apinde muimba yekuongorora kuti aongorore ganda pamusoro pemuviri wose. Izvi hazviwanzo kutora zvinopfuura maminetsi mashomanana uye zvinopa mukana wekukurukurirana chero mibvunzo kana zvinetso zvaungave nazvo pamusoro pemukenza weganda.
Zvimwe: Mhando dzeCancer Cancer
Diabetes Screening
Varwere vane ngozi dzechirwere cheshuga chirwere chechipiri (munhu anotakura chirwere cheshuga) anofanira kuwana kana kuedza kutsvaga glucose muedzo kana glucose kuvhiringidzika makore ose matatu anotanga pazera remakore makumi maviri nemashanu. Ngozi dzevanhu vakuru vanotanga chirwere cheshuga dzinosanganisira:
- Nhoroondo yemhuri yeChirangaridzo 1 kana chechipiri chechirwere cheshuga
- Vakadzi vakawana chirwere cheshuga panguva yekuzvitakura
- Kubereka mwana mucheche uyo akayera mapaundi 9 paakaberekwa
- High blood pressure kana chirwere chepfungwa
- Kuva chikamu chemhuri ine tsika yemuAfrica, MaPanishi, Native America, kana kuti Pacific Island
- Kuwana zvishomanana kana kuti kwete
Zvimwe: Zviratidzo zveShuga
Vision Screening
Vakuru vakuru vane makore 18 nevakuru vanofanira kuva neongororo yeziso rimwe nerimwe kana makore maviri kusvikira ava nemakore 61, apo American Optometric Association inokurudzira kuti gore rose chiratidzo chekuongorora chinofanira kutanga. Vanhu vakuru vane maziso anoramba aripo vanofanira kuona maitiro avo maitiro kakawanda apo chiremba anorumbidza. Uyezve, varwere vane ngozi dzechirwere cheshuga zvakadai sekumanikidzwa kweropa, nhoroondo yemhuri yezvirwere zvakadai se glaucoma uye macular degeneration, vanhu vanoshanda mumabasa anoda kuonekwa kwakanyanya, varwere vanopfeka shamwari, avo vanotora mishonga inorayirwa nguva dzose kana OTC mishonga ine zviratidzo zvakasangana nezviratidzo, uye vanhu vane mamwe mararamiro anovhiringidza maziso vangada kakawanda maonero ekuongorora.
Kunzwa Kuedzwa
Kunzwa kurasikirwa kwakapararira uye kunopfurikidza pakati pevakuru vezera rose. Paanenge anzwa kuongorora kunofanirwa kuzvidira, American American Speech-Language - Hearing Association inokurudzira kunzwa kutarisa vanhu vakuru kwemakore gumi oga oga kuvanhu vakuru kuburikidza nemakore makumi mashanu apo vazhinji vanowanzoteerera kuongorora kunofanira kuitika. Pazera remakore makumi mashanu, kunzwa kuedza kunofanira kuitika makore ose matatu. Ichokwadi ndechokuti vanopfuura 30% yevanhu vanopfuura 65 vane kurasikirwa kwekunzwa, 14 muzana yevakuru vane makore 45 kusvika ku64 vanonzwawo kurasikirwa kunzwa, uye vanopfuura mamiriyoni 8 evanhu pakati pezera remakore gumi nemasere nemakumi mana vane humwe rudzi rwekunzwa kurasikirwa.
> Sources:
> Cervical Cancer Screening Pap Test; CDC; http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/cervical/basic_info/screening/.
> Kutanga Kutanga; Bhuku reNational Breast Cancer Foundation; http://www.nationalbreastcancer.org/early_detection/index.html.
> National Osteoporosis Foundation; http://www.nof.org.
> High Blood Pressure; National Library yeMishonga; http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/highbloodpressure.html.
> Cholesterol - Test; Lab Test Tests Online; http://www.labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/cholesterol/test.html.
> Kuchenesa kwechirwere chechirwere cheshuga; Genetic Health; http://www.genetichealth.com/DBTS_Screening_for_Type_2_Diabetes.shtml.
> Kubwinya kweZvive Zvose uye Maonero ekuongorora; National Guideline Clearinghouse neAmerican Optometric Association; http://www.guideline.gov/summary/summary.aspx?ss=15&doc_id=8464&nbr=4725.
> Kunzwa Kurasika muVakuru; American Speech - Mutauro - Kunzwa Sangano; http://www.asha.org/public/hearing/testing#adults.