Zvinodhaka Zvinotarisana neMichina Yokuita uye Zvinangwa Zvokushandisa
Corticosteroids inotaura kukirasi yemishonga inoshandiswa kuporesa chirwere chechirwere nemamwe mamiriro ekuvhiringidza. Nemhaka yokuti inowanzonzi "steroids," vanhu vanowanzovatenda kuti vave chinhu chakafanana nevanabolic steroid iyo inoshandiswa kusimbisa simba nekuita muviri.
Overview
Izwi rokuti "steroid" izwi rinoshandiswa kurondedzera chero chidimbu nechikamu chema molecular (yakagadzirwa nemakona mana akaiswa mahesamu e17 maatomu).
Basa reSteroids nderokuchengetedza kutenderera kwesero rechitokisi kana kuti kushandisa chigadziro pane sero rekugadzirisa maitiro ayo.
Kune marudzi mazhinji akasiyana-siyana e steroid akawanikwa mumasikirwo, akaparadzaniswa se:
- Zvepabonde steroid, kusanganisira estrogen, progesterone , uye testosterone
- Corticosteroids, kusanganisira glucocorticoids (yakafanana necortisol) iyo inoronga maitiro ekudzivirira zvirwere uye mineralocorticoids (yakadai sealldosterone) iyo inotarisa muyero we electrolytes
- Secosteroids yakadai sevhitamini D iyo inobatsira kuchengetedza zvakasiyana-siyana zvehupenyu
- Neurosteroids yakadai seDHEA iyo inobatsira muhutano hwemhomoni yevarume nevakadzi
- Sterols dzakadai secholesterol dzinobatsira kuchengetedza membrane kutendeseka
Anabolic Steroids
Anabolic steroids inogadzirwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvevanhukadzi zvevanhukadzi (horrogones) uye androgens. Iyo inoshandiswa kukurudzira kukura kwemakumbo emusana (the anabolic effect) uye nekuvandudzwa kwehukama hwepabonde (iyo androgenic effect).
Anabolic steroid inowanikwa nemishonga uye inoshandiswa kurapa mamiriro ezvinhu anokonzerwa nemaitiro mashoma emu testosterone ( hypogonadism ). Zvimwe zvinokonzera zvinogona kusanganisira maronda asina kufanira, testicle kukuvadza, hemochromatosis (yakawandisa iron muropa), zvirwere zvepituitary, zvirwere zvinopisa, kuwedzera muviri, uye hutachiona hutachiona hweHIV .
Nemhaka yevanabolic effect, madhiragi anowanzotambudzwa nevatambi kana vanhu vanoda kuvandudza maitiro avo. Kushungurudzwa kwenguva refu kwevanabolic steroid kunogona kutungamirira kumigumisiro yakakomba yehutano, kusanganisira:
- Zvakanyanya acne
- Kubudirira kwezamu muvarume ( gynecomastia )
- Bvudzi remukati uye mumuviri kukura muvakadzi (hirsutism)
- High blood pressure
- Manzwiro anonakidza anochinja ("kutsamwa kukuru")
- Manic behavior
- Shrinkage yematendi
- Chimiro chevarume muvakadzi vose
- Kunze kwechinguva
- Infertility
- Kuchengeta kwemaziso kana ganda (jaundice)
- Tendon rupture
- Matumbo ane chiropa kana kenza
- Kukurumidza kukura muhuduku
Corticosteroids
Corticosteroids inotaura kana zvinowanzoitika zvinoumba zvinokonzerwa neadrenal cortex kana shanduro dzinoshandura maitiro avo. Corticosteroids inoshandisa zvirwere zvemuviri nekudzivirira kuve kwezvinhu zvinokonzera kugadzirisa uye kupesana kwekupindura.
Mishonga iyi inogona kubudiswa mumuromo, mumasimba, pamusoro, kana mujoyi kuporesa mamiriro ezvinhu ehutano hwakadai semagetsi, chirwere cheCrohn , ulcerative colitis, autoimmune disorders (zvakadai se rheumatoid arthritis kana lupus), zvirwere zveropa (zvakadai se-lymphoma neukemia), uye kenza yeprotate.
Iroticticeroid drugs zvinowanzotaurwa muUnited States dzinosanganisira:
- Betamethasone
- Budesonide
- Cortisone
- Dexamethasone
- Hydrocortisone
- Methylprednisolone
- Prednisolone
- Prednisone
- Triamcinolone
Mishonga iyi inowanikwa pasi pemazita emhando dzakasiyana uye maitiro.
Kubatsirwa uye Njodzi
Corticosteroids mishonga ine simba inogona kukurumidza kugadzirisa kupisa apo ichiwedzera kukura. Nezvo zvichitaura, kushandiswa kwemishonga kunogona kukonzera zvakakomba uye dzimwe nguva zvinopesana nemigumisiro, kusanganisira:
- Kuwedzera kwehuwandu
- Acne
- Utsi husina simba
- Kuchenesa kweganda
- Kudzorerwa kwemafuta emuviri (lipodystrophy)
- Tendon rupture
- Hypertension
- Chirwere cheshuga
- Osteoporosis
- Cataracts
- Kuwedzerwa kunzwisisika kune utachiona
- Dumbu rekuonda
- Kuora mwoyo
Kuti kuwedzere ruzivo, corticosteroids inorayirwa muvharo yakaderera kudarika nguva shoma yenguva yekuwana zvakanakisisa zvingaitika.
Kana yakashandiswa kwenguva refu, zvinodhaka zvinofanira kunge zvishoma nezvishoma zvakabviswa kuti zvibvumirwe kuti chirwere chedrenal chiite zvishoma nezvishoma kubasa kwayo. Kurumidza kukurumidza kunogona kukonzera kubvisa zviratidzo uye zvinogona kuisa upenyu hunotyisa adrenal dambudziko.
Shoko Rinobva
Kana chirongwa chako chekurapa chinosanganisira kushandiswa kwekarticosteroid madhiragi, nguva dzose fungisisa zvikwereti uye ngozi kune chiremba wako. Zvichienderana nehutano hwehutano hwako, panogona kunge kune dzimwe nzira dzingakwanisa kununura runyararo rumwe chete nehuwandu hwakawanda.
Pakupedzisira, kazhinji kunakisisa kuchengetedza corticosteroids kuti inoshandiswa gare gare apo kudiwa kwemishonga inogona kunge yakanyanya kukura.
> Sources:
> Waljee, A .; Rogers, M .; Lin, P. et al. "Kushandiswa kwenguva pfupi kwemukanwa corticosteroids uye maitiro anowirirana pakati pevanhu vakuru muUnited States: chidzidzo chevanhu vanoongorora boka." BMJ. 2017; 357: j1415. DOI: & https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.j1415.
> Yu, J ;; Bonnerud, P .; Eriksson, A. et al. "Migumisiro yeKuwedzerwa Kwemazuva Akareba Anabolic Androgen Steroids Pamusoro pevanhu Skeletal Muscle." PLoS ONE. 2014; 9 (9): e105330. DOI: 10.1371 / magazini.pone.0105330.