Mutsamba yakabudiswa mumagazini yaFebruary 2017 yemagazini yeTroroid , American Thyroid Association (ATA) yakabudisa kudana kwehuwandu hwemunyu huri. Zvose zvinowanikwa mumunyu zvinorondedzerwa sekuwedzera kweyodini kune munyu wose inotarisirwa kudyiwa nevanhu. Chinangwa cheATA pakubudisa chikumbiro ndechekubatsira kuderedza zvirwere zvisingaiti zvehutachiwana hweIodine.
Iodine uye neTyroid
Iodine isumuviri unokosha hunodiwa nemuviri kuitira kuti utange hormone yehutano. Mutumbi hauiti iodine, saka inofanira kuiswa, kazhinji kuburikidza nechikafu chinowanikwa mune ivhu rakapfuma-iodine, zvokudya zvegungwa, kana kuburikidza ne iodization yemunyu.
Iodine inoshaya- uye inokonzera kukanganisa kwehutachiona hwehuodhi (IDD) -inosangana ne cretinism, mamiriro asingagadziki anokonzera kukura kwekukura kwakanyanya uye kuora mwoyo kwepfungwa. IDD iri chaizvoizvo chikonzero chinotadzisa chinogona kudziviswa chekutadza mupfungwa munyika. IATA yakashuma kuti inofungidzirwa makumi mana kubva muzana yevanhu vepasi parizvino vari pangozi yekushayikwa kweiodini.
Kushayikwa kweiodini kunobatanidzawo nekuwedzera kwetachiona (goiter), iri pasi pehutachiona hunoshushikana (hypothyroidism), kupererwa kwemazuva mashoma, uye kukanganisa pamuviri, pakati pemamwe matambudziko uye hutano hwakanaka. Izvo zvave zvichiratidzwa mukutsvakurudza kuti kushayikwa kweIodine mumukadzi panguva yekuzvitakura kunogona kukonzera kukanganisa kwepfungwa nekuziva kwevana vake.
Maererano nechitauriri cheATA: "Nguva yakareba kwenguva refu uye inogona kuva yehupenyu hwevanhu uye yehupenyu hwehutano hweizvi haikwanise kusimbiswa."
Geography yekushayikwa kweIodine
Zvokudya zvakakurira munzvimbo dzaimbove dzakaputirwa nemakungwa zvinowanzova nehuwandu hwehuwandu hweiodhi-uye nekuda kweizvozvo, vanhu vasinganyanyi kukosha iodini vakakwana.
Inland kana kuti nzvimbo dzakakwirira-dzakakwirira dzine maitiro ekuderedza iodine muvhu ravo-uye izvo zvinopa kuwanika zvishoma kwezvokudya zvegungwa-zvinowanzova nehuwandu hweododhi muzvokudya zvavo uye dziri pangozi huru yeDDD.
Maererano nevatsvakurudzi, nyika bedzi izvo zvinoonekwa seine izvo zvinonzi "kukwaniswa kweIodine zvakakwana" zvinosanganisira United States, Canada, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Switzerland, Austria, Bhutan, Peru, Panama, Macedonia, uye Japan.
Nzvimbo dzekunyanya kunetseka dzinosanganisira pakati peAfrica neAsia, umo kune vanhu vakawanda vane utera hwakanyanya hweIodine, pamwe neye Himalaya, European Alps, Andes, uye zvikamu zveEastern Europe. Dzimwe nzvimbo dzeEurope dzinewo chidimbu chekushaya iodine.
Aya ATA's Points on Universal Salt Iodization
Mutemo weATA wakaita mamwe mazano anokosha pamusoro pepasi rose emunyu iodization:
- Zvose zvinokonzerwa nehuni iodization inzira inonyatsobudirira yekudzivirira kushayikwa kweiodini uye kukanganisika kweIodine zvinetso.
- Munyu wakatanga kusarudzwa semotokari yeIodine yekusimudzira basa nokuti inopedzwa muhutano husinganzwisisiki nehuwandu hwevanhu neboka revanhu hwezuva nezuva; iyo inyanzvi inoshandiswa kuti ive yerid iodization isiri nyore; munharaunda dzakawanda shanduro yemunyu inosanganiswa mune zvishoma nzvimbo dzinoshandiswa, izvo zvinoita kuti kuongororwa nekugadziriswa zviite; uye iodization yemunyu haina mari.
- Kune humwe uchapupu hwokuti nyika yose inoda kuve nemutemo uye inonyatsomiridzirwa kune imwe nyika kuitira kuti ibudirire.
- Kuongororwa-kunyanya kutarisa urusiyamu hutachiona huri munzvimbo dzevanhu-hunokosha senzira yekuita kuti iodine ine kudya yakakwana.
- Zvose zvinokonzerwa nehuni yehuni zvakakurudzirwa neW WHO, Iodine Global Network, uye UNICEF.
IWIV yave iri kukurudzira nyika yose yeridheji kubva muna 1993. Vakasarudza munyu sechirongwa chekutaura IDD pane zvikonzero zviviri zvinokosha:
Iyo yakawanda inowanikwa uye inopedzwa mumari inowanikwa gore rose, uye nokuti mari yekudhinda iodzingisa yakaderera zvikuru-chete ye US $ 0.05 pamunhu mumwe pagore.
Maererano neWIV, inofungidzirwa kuti 66 muzana yemhuri pasi rose ikozvino inokwanisa kuwana munyu weiodized, asi vanhu vanopfuura 2 bhiriyoni munyika vasati vava nehuwandu hwekodhi, uye chetatu chavo vana.
Chii Chinokurudzirwa Kuwanikwa kweIodine?
World Health Organization inokurudzira kuti:
- 90 mcg yeIodine zuva rega rega vacheche nevana kusvika kumakore mashanu
- 120 mcg vana makore 6 kusvika ku12
- 150 mcg zuva rega rega yevana ≥12 nemakore
- 250 mcg zuva rega rega panguva yekuzvitakura uye lactation
IUnited States Institute of Medicine inorayira zvishoma kudyiwa kwezuva nezuva yeIodine yakafanana:
- 90 mcg zuva rega rega revana vana 1 kusvika kune gumi nemakore
- 120 mcg vana vane makore 9 kusvika ku13
- 150 mcg zuva rega rega nekuda kwevechiri kuyaruka uye vasiri vanhu vasiri kure
- 220 mcg yevakadzi vane pamuviri
- 290 mcg yevakadzi vanocheka
Kana iwe uine hanya nezvekudya kwako kweIodine, taura nachiremba wako nezvekuita kuti mazinga ako aongorwe uye, kana zvichidiwa, kuwana mhinduro yekugadzirisa zvido zvako.
> Sources:
> American Thyroid Association. Kusakwana kweIodine. http://www.thyroid.org/iodine-deficiency/
> Pearce Elizabeth N .. Thyroid. February 2017, 27 (2): 137-137. doi: 10.1089 / thy.2016.0678.
> Vitti, P., "Iodine inoshaiwa matambudziko," UptoDate. Jan 31, 2017. http://www.uptodate.com/contents/iodine-deficiency-disorders
> World Health Organization. "Kushaya Iodine." Http://www.who.int/nutrition/topics/idd/en/