Iko yakachengeteka here kutora mishonga yemishonga panguva yekuzvitakura?
Zvinonzwisisika kuti vazhinji vevakadzi havadi kutora mishonga isina kukodzera pavanenge vane pamuviri. Hapana amai-vano-vangadai vangada kuisa mwana wavo pangozi yakawanda yekuremara kwekuberekwa kunokonzerwa nemishonga. Zvisinei, kurwara kunogona kuita kuti mumwe mukadzi ave neshungu kwazvo zvokuti mishonga inogona kudiwa kuitira kuti zviratidzo zvese zvinenge zvisingatori hupenyu hwavo.
Maererano neDaily and Drug Administration (FDA), hapana mishonga inonzi yakachengeteka zvakakwana pakuzvitakura. Izvi ndezvokuti hapana mukadzi ane pamuviri angada kusayina kuti ave nechirwere chekuchengetedza mishonga paanenge ane pamuviri.
Nokudaro, FDA yakapa mikana yekuisa mishonga kumishonga inobva pakushandiswa mukudzivirira:
- Chikamu "A" mishonga ine mishonga umo mune zvidzidzo zvakanaka mumadzimai ane pamuviri anoratidza kuchengetedzwa kwemishonga kumwana mukutanga kwevatatu. Mishonga mishomanana iri munharaunda iyi uye hapana mishonga yemafupa inonzi chikamu A.
- Chikamu "B" mishonga yakadzidzwa mumhuka dzakatakura, dzinoratidza kuti dzakachengeteka, asi hapana zvidzidzo zvevanhu zviripo.
- Chikamu "C" mishonga chinogona kuguma nemigumisiro yakaipa pamucheche paanodzidza mumhuka dzine mimba, asi kubatsirwa kwemishonga iyi kunogona kupfuuridza njodzi dzinogona kuitika kuvanhu.
- Chikamu "D" mishonga inoratidza mungozi yakajeka kumucheche, asi pangave pane zviitiko umo zvikomborero zvinopfuura zvipingamupinyi zvevanhu.
- Chikamu "X" mishonga inoratidza uchapupu hwakajeka hwekuremererwa kwekuberekwa kwemhuka uye / kana kudzidza kwevanhu uye haufaniri kushandiswa pakuzvitakura.
Antihistamines. Makwegura antihistamine , akadai seklorpheniramine, ndivo vakagadziriswa kurapa allergenic rhinitis panguva yekuzvitakura uye zvose zviri muboka B mishonga. Zvitsva antihistamine zvakadai se-over-the-counter loratadine (Claritin, maitiro epo) uye cetirizine (Zyrtec, maitiro akadai ) anewo pamuviri weboka B mishonga.
Imwe mishonga inopesana antihistamine iyo yekutakura chikwata B ndeye Xyzal (levocetirizine).
Decongestants . Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed®, mizhinji yakawanda maitiro) ndiyo yakasarudzwa mumuromo inonzi decongestant yekurapa miviri yepakati panguva yekuzvitakura, kunyange zvazvo inofanira kudziviswa panguva yose yekutanga yechitatu, sezvo yakabatanidzwa necheche gastroschisis. Iyi mishonga inobata chikwata C.
Mishonga yakasvibiswa nemasera. Cromolyn nasal spray (NasalCrom) inobatsira pakurapa allergenic rhinitis kana inoshandiswa isati yambosvika kune imwe yeropa uye isati yavapo kutanga kwezviratidzo. Iyi mishonga inenge ichitakura chikwata B uye inowanika pamusoro pekambani. Kana iyi mishonga isingabatsiri, imwe nasal steroid , budesonide (Rhinocort Aqua), yakagamuchira kamuviri yeboka B (mamwe ose ari chikamu C), uye naizvozvo inenge iri steroid yemasarudzo yekusarudza panguva yekuzvitakura.
Immunotherapy. Kurwisana kwezvenyeredzi kunogona kuenderera mberi panguva yekuzvitakura, asi hazvikurudzirwi kutanga chirwere ichi paunenge uine pamuviri. Kazhinji chirwere chemazuva ose chinenge chisina kuwedzera, uye vazhinji vanonzi allergists vanocheka chirwere chemaitiro anosvika 50% panguva yekuzvitakura. Vamwe veseoristist vanofunga kuti kuputika kwemazuva ose kunofanira kumira panguva yekuzvitakura, zvichipiwa njodzi yekuwana vanaphylaxis uye inogona kuisa njodzi kumucheche semugumisiro.
Zvimwe pane anaphylaxis, hapana dambudziko rinoratidza kuti zvinokonzerwa nehutachiona hunozvikuvadza chaizvoizvo zvinokuvadza kumucheche.
Dzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pekuongororwa uye kurapwa kwemakemikari mukati mekuita pamuviri , kusanganisira mamiriro ezvinhu anofananidza mishonga yepamusoro panguva yekuzvitakura.
Sources:
> Allergen Immunotherapy Practice Parameters. Ann Allergy Chirwere Immunol. 2003; 90: S1-40.
> Dykewicz MS, Fineman S, vaparidzi. Kuongororwa uye Kutungamirirwa kweRhinitis: Zvose Mirayiridzo ye Joint Task Force pamusoro pekushandisa maParamendi mune zveEergy, Asthma uye Immunology.